基于K-L变换的微地震资料去噪方法
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摘要
K-L变换是一种有效的地震去噪方法,但对于信号弱、信噪比较低的微地震资料,传统K-L变换方法去噪效果较差。为此,提出基于K-L变换的微地震资料去噪方法。首先利用单道微地震记录求取协方差矩阵,然后对协方差矩阵进行求解特征值和特征向量,通过分析,选取适当的特征值所对应的新分量进行矩阵的重构,最后通过K-L反变换得到去除噪声、有效信号突出的重构信号。该方法应用于四川某地区微地震资料的去噪处理,效果良好。
The Karhunen-Loeve( K-L)transform is an effective denoising method for seismic data.For microseismic data with weak signal and low signal/noise ratio,however,it is difficult to obtain a satisfactory processing result by using the conventional K-L transform method.Therefore,a microseismic denoising method based on K-L transform was put forward.Firstly,a covariance matrix was built up by using single-channel seismic records.And then eigenvalues and eigenvectors were obtained by solving the covariance matrix.Secondly,new components corresponding to appropriate eigenvalues were selected in order to reconstructing a new matrix.Finally,signals with removing noise and highlighting effective signals were reconstructed by using K-L inverse transform.The method has been successfully applied in the denoising process for the microseismic data from a block in Sichuan province.
The Karhunen-Loeve( K-L)transform is an effective denoising method for seismic data.For microseismic data with weak signal and low signal/noise ratio,however,it is difficult to obtain a satisfactory processing result by using the conventional K-L transform method.Therefore,a microseismic denoising method based on K-L transform was put forward.Firstly,a covariance matrix was built up by using single-channel seismic records.And then eigenvalues and eigenvectors were obtained by solving the covariance matrix.Secondly,new components corresponding to appropriate eigenvalues were selected in order to reconstructing a new matrix.Finally,signals with removing noise and highlighting effective signals were reconstructed by using K-L inverse transform.The method has been successfully applied in the denoising process for the microseismic data from a block in Sichuan province.
引文
[1]裴江云,刘洪,李幼铭.在随机噪音背景下地震反射信号的增强[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(1):91-95.
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[8]张广智,印兴耀,吴国忱,等.一种提高KL变换速度和精度的方法[J].石油物探,1997,36(S1):112.
[9]刘洪林,张春堂,朱秋影,等.K-L变换在地震资料去噪声的应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2007,31(4):19-36.
[2]姜宇东,杨勤勇,何柯,等.基于曲波变换的地面微地震资料去噪方法研究[J].石油物探,2012,51(6):620-624.
[3]林春,王绪本.第二代Curvelet变换在地震随机噪声衰减中的应用[J].计算机工程与应用,2009,45(25):222-224.
[4]王维强,杨国权.基于EMD与ICA的地震信号去噪技术研究[J].石油物探,2012,51(1):19-28.
[5]彭才,朱仕军,孙建库,等.小波变换域K-L变换及其去噪效果分析[J].石油物探,2007,46(2):112-114.
[6]刘益成.K-L变换及其在地震数据处理中的应用[J].江汉石油学院学报,1988,10(2):24-32.
[7]刘建勋.提高海上单道反射地震记录信噪比和分辨率的方法技术[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(S1):116-123.
[8]张广智,印兴耀,吴国忱,等.一种提高KL变换速度和精度的方法[J].石油物探,1997,36(S1):112.
[9]刘洪林,张春堂,朱秋影,等.K-L变换在地震资料去噪声的应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2007,31(4):19-36.
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