利用纯S波输入研究地震台站下方的横波速度结构
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摘要
震中距在 5 0°左右的深源远震 ,直达波S波震相波列可以与其他震相波列分离 .在层状介质中 ,本文通过传播矩阵方法得到由S波从台下底层输入获得地面理论地震图的新方法 ,并由此拟合了河北省两个地震台短周期S波记录 ,获得台站下方横波速度结构 .结果表明 ,红山台下 1 3km和 2 4km左右有S波低速层存在 ,地壳厚度为 3 3 .9km ;涉县台下 1 8km和3 0km左右有S波低速层存在 .红山台下S波差异显著的 2个低速层夹持的高速层、较薄地壳及上地幔顶部低S波速度结构 ,与 1 96 6年邢台大地震有关 .考虑到S波速度对部分熔融体的敏感性 ,认为地壳S波速度结构可作为揭示强震深部背景的依据之一 .
The direct S wave phase of deep teleseisms with epicentral distance of about 50° can be separated from other seismic phases. Based on the propagation matrix method, a new method is proposed for getting surface synthetic seismogram from the S wave input beneath a sismostation. The data of S wave recorded at two short-period seismostations in Hebei province are fitted with this method. The results show that there are two layers of low velocity for S wave, the depths of which are about 13km and 24km beneath Hongshan station. There are also two layers of low velocity at 18km and 30km beneath shexian station. The high velocity interlayer exists between the two low-velocity layer. The thinner crust and the S wave velocity structure above the upper mantle may be related to the Xingtai great earthquake occurred in 1966. Considering the sensitivity of S wave velocity to partially melting, we believe that S wave velocity structure of the crust can be used to reveal the deep background of strong earthquakes. Waveform fitting of short-period S wave expands the application of waveform information on seismograms, and provides a new method for the acquirement of transversal velocity structure directly under a station.
The direct S wave phase of deep teleseisms with epicentral distance of about 50° can be separated from other seismic phases. Based on the propagation matrix method, a new method is proposed for getting surface synthetic seismogram from the S wave input beneath a sismostation. The data of S wave recorded at two short-period seismostations in Hebei province are fitted with this method. The results show that there are two layers of low velocity for S wave, the depths of which are about 13km and 24km beneath Hongshan station. There are also two layers of low velocity at 18km and 30km beneath shexian station. The high velocity interlayer exists between the two low-velocity layer. The thinner crust and the S wave velocity structure above the upper mantle may be related to the Xingtai great earthquake occurred in 1966. Considering the sensitivity of S wave velocity to partially melting, we believe that S wave velocity structure of the crust can be used to reveal the deep background of strong earthquakes. Waveform fitting of short-period S wave expands the application of waveform information on seismograms, and provides a new method for the acquirement of transversal velocity structure directly under a station.
引文
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[13] 刘启元,RainerKind,李顺成.接受函数复谱比的最大或然性估计及非线性反演.地球物理学报,1996,39(4):500—510. LIUQiYuan,RainerKind,LIShunCheng.Maximallikelihoodestimationandnonliearinversionofthecomplexreceiverfunctionspectrumratio.ChineseJ.Geophys.(ActaGeophysicaSinica),1996,39(4):500—510.
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[16] 祝治平,张先康,盖玉杰等.邢台震源区及其邻近地区地壳上地幔速度结构研究.地震学报,1995,17(3):328—334. ZHUZhiPing,ZHANGXianKang,GEYuJie,etal.VelocitystructureofthecrustanduppermantleinXingtaiearthquakeregionanditsadjacentarea.ActaSeismologicaSinica,1995,17(3):328—334.
[17] 毛桐恩,陈锦标,姚家榴.邢台、唐山震区震源层及其顶、底部介质条件的综合分析.地震学报,1996,18(1):89—96. MAOTongEn,CHENJinBiao,YAOJiaLiu.ComprehensiveanalysisofseismicsourcelayerinXingtaiandTangshanseismicregionsandconditionsofmedia.ActaSeismologicaSinica,1996,18(1):89—96.
[18] 王椿镛,王贵美,林中洋等.用深地震反射方法研究邢台地震区地壳细结构.地球物理学报,1993,36(5):445—451. WANGChunYong,WANGGuiMei,LINZhongYangetal.Studyofcrustdetailedstructurebydeepearthquakereflectionmethod.ChineseJ.Geophys.(ActaGeophysicaSinica),1993,36(5):445—451.
[2] 朱碚定,李幼铭.利用深源远震记录波形研究台站区域的介质结构.地球物理学报,1985,28(1):16—25. ZHUPeiDing,LIYouMing.Studyonmediastructureofstationregionbasedondeepfocusteleseismicwaveform.ChineseJ.Geophys.1985,28(1):16—25.
[3] 朱碚定,李幼铭,张立敏等.利用深源远震记录波形研究新疆准葛尔盆地边缘台站区域的地下介质分层结构.西北地震学报,1985,7(4):46—58. ZHUBeiDing,LIYouMing,ZHANGLiMin,etal.StudylayeredmediaundermarginalstationofZhungelbasininXin jiangbasedondeepfocusteleseismwaveform.NorthwesternSeismologicalJournal,1985,7(4):46—58.
[4] 朱碚定,李幼铭,张立敏等.川南、滇北地区台网区域壳幔介质分层结构的初步研究.地球物理学报,1986,29(3):245—254.ZHUBeiDing,LIYouMing,ZHANGLiMin,etal.OnthestudyofcrustanduppermantlestructurebeneathseismictelemetrynetworkinsouthSichuan、NorthYunnanprovince.ChineseJ.Geophys.(ActaGeophysicaSinica),1986,29(3):245—254.
[5] 束沛镒.喀喇昆仑-昆仑山脉北侧的深部构造.自然资源学报,1989,4(3):228—232. SHUPeiYi.DeepstructureofnorthernKarakorumKunlunmountains,JournalofNaturalResources,1989,4(4):228—232.
[6] 姚殿义,于利民,李钦祖等.利用合成地震图研究东北地区壳幔介质结构.地震学报,1991,13(4):471—478. YAODianYi,YULiMin,LIQinZu,etal.StudyofcrustmantlemediumstructureofNortheasternChinabasedonsynthet icseismograms,ActaSeismologicaSinica,1991,13(4):471—478.
[7] 蒋维祥,林纪增,束沛镒.广东东部和闽西区域壳幔介质分层结构的初步研究.地震学报,1992,14(2):172—179. JIANGWeiXiang,LINJiZeng,SHUPeiYi.PreliminarystudyoflayeredstructureundereasternandwesternGuangdongregion.ActaSeismologicaSinica,1992,14(2):172—179.
[8] 束沛镒,张 钋.南极点和罗斯海滨壳幔结构.南极研究,1994,6(3):12—19. SHUPeiYiZHANGPo.Crust mantlestructureundersouthpoleandRossseabeachinAntarctica.AntarcticResearch,1994,6(3):12—19.
[9] 李 祥,包东健,陈原平等.内蒙中部地区的壳幔介质分层结构.华北地震科学,1987,5(4):58—65. LIXiang,BAODongJian,CHENYuanPing,etal.ThelayeredstructureofthecrustandmantlemediumincentralinnerMonggolia.NorthChinaEarthquakeSciences,1987,5(4):58—65.
[10] 王 凯,姚振兴.中国上地幔剪切波速度结构的初步研究.地球物理学报,1989,32(1):38—45. WANGKai,YAOZhenXing.PreliminarystudyofuppermantleshearvelositystructureofChina,ChineseJ .Geophys.(Ac taGeophysicaSinica),1989,32(1):38—45.
[11] 李幼铭,朱碚定,梁尚鸿等.层状介质中地震P -SV波广义透射系数的计算.地球物理学报,1983,26(增刊):661—667. LIYouMing,ZHUPeiDing,LIANGShangHong,etal.OnthecomputationofP -SVwavegeneralizedtransmissioncoeffi cientsforlayeredmadia,ChineseJ.Geophys.(ActaGeophysicaSinica),1983,26(Suppl):661—667.
[12] Owens,T .J.,Zandt,G .,Taylor,S .R .SeismicevidenceforanancientriftbeneaththeCumberlandPlateau,Tennessee,adetailedanalysisofbroadbandteleseismicPwaveforms.J.Geophys.Res.,1984,89(B9):7783—7795.
[13] 刘启元,RainerKind,李顺成.接受函数复谱比的最大或然性估计及非线性反演.地球物理学报,1996,39(4):500—510. LIUQiYuan,RainerKind,LIShunCheng.Maximallikelihoodestimationandnonliearinversionofthecomplexreceiverfunctionspectrumratio.ChineseJ.Geophys.(ActaGeophysicaSinica),1996,39(4):500—510.
[14] 傅承义,陈运泰,祁贵仲.地球物理学基础,北京:科学出版社,1985.319—332. FUChengYi,CHENYunTai,QIGuiZhong.FoundationofGeophysics.Beijing:SciencesPress,1985.319—332.
[15] 邵学钟,张家茹,章思亚等.邢台地震区深部构造背景的地震转换波探测和研究.地球物理学报,1993,36(5):609—619. SHAOXueZhong,ZHANGJiaRu,ZHANGSiYa,etal.SeismicconvertedwaveexplorationandstudyondeepstructurebackgroundbelowXingtaiearthquakeregion.ChineseJ .Geophys.(ActaGeophysicaSinica),1993,36(5):609—619.
[16] 祝治平,张先康,盖玉杰等.邢台震源区及其邻近地区地壳上地幔速度结构研究.地震学报,1995,17(3):328—334. ZHUZhiPing,ZHANGXianKang,GEYuJie,etal.VelocitystructureofthecrustanduppermantleinXingtaiearthquakeregionanditsadjacentarea.ActaSeismologicaSinica,1995,17(3):328—334.
[17] 毛桐恩,陈锦标,姚家榴.邢台、唐山震区震源层及其顶、底部介质条件的综合分析.地震学报,1996,18(1):89—96. MAOTongEn,CHENJinBiao,YAOJiaLiu.ComprehensiveanalysisofseismicsourcelayerinXingtaiandTangshanseismicregionsandconditionsofmedia.ActaSeismologicaSinica,1996,18(1):89—96.
[18] 王椿镛,王贵美,林中洋等.用深地震反射方法研究邢台地震区地壳细结构.地球物理学报,1993,36(5):445—451. WANGChunYong,WANGGuiMei,LINZhongYangetal.Studyofcrustdetailedstructurebydeepearthquakereflectionmethod.ChineseJ.Geophys.(ActaGeophysicaSinica),1993,36(5):445—451.
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