试论地震约束反演的不适定性
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摘要
地震反演技术作为储层预测的有效手段 ,在隐蔽油气藏勘探中发挥了重要作用。但是 ,由于诸多的主观和客观因素 ,该项技术的应用出现了不同程度的偏差。文章分析了地震反演原理与算法、反演过程中地震资料的品质、测井资料的非归一化、子波选取及常数化、层位标定和初始模型的准确度、地层模型的局限性、地震反演的适用性等多方面因素对反演结果的影响 ;列举了这些影响带来的不适定性的部分实例 ;提出了反演技术运用的一些保障措施。
Seismic inversion is an effective measure to predict reservoir. It takes an important role in exploring the subtle reservoirs. Nevertheless, deviations with various degree is made in the application of this technique because of many subjective and objective factors. The factors that influence the inversion results are analyzed, such as theory and algorithm of the seismic inversion, quality of the seismic data, unnormalization of log data, wavelet extraction and constant making, accuracy of horizon marking and initial model, limitations of stratigraphy model and applicability of the seismic inversion and so on; some examples of uncertainty caused by these influence are cited; and some ensuring measures in the application of the seismic inversion are put forward.
Seismic inversion is an effective measure to predict reservoir. It takes an important role in exploring the subtle reservoirs. Nevertheless, deviations with various degree is made in the application of this technique because of many subjective and objective factors. The factors that influence the inversion results are analyzed, such as theory and algorithm of the seismic inversion, quality of the seismic data, unnormalization of log data, wavelet extraction and constant making, accuracy of horizon marking and initial model, limitations of stratigraphy model and applicability of the seismic inversion and so on; some examples of uncertainty caused by these influence are cited; and some ensuring measures in the application of the seismic inversion are put forward.
引文
1 范祯祥,郑仙种,范书蕊等.利用地震、测井资料联合反演储层物性参数.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(1):38～53
2 刘佳琦.数学物理方程反问题的分类及不适定性问题求解.应用数学与计算数学,1983,(4)
3 贺振华主编.反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法.重庆:重庆大学出版社,1989
4 Gray SH,Bleiste nN.Imagingandinversionofzero-offsetse ismicdata.ProceedingoftheIE EE.1986,74(3):440～445
5 赵宪生,梁桂蓉,罗运先.子波反演与波阻抗反演.物探化探计算技术,1998,21(3):206～211
6 黄捍东,贺振华,刘洪昌等.测井-构造约束地震资料目标反演.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(5):595～600
7 曹统仁.地震资料解释与储层横向预测.西南石油学院学报,1997,19(4):20～26
8 宁松华,张亚敏.断块油田储层横向预测方法.断块油气田,1997,4(3):12～14
9 彭传圣,王永诗,常国贞等.罗家地区砂砾岩储集层地球物理预测技术.油气地质与采收率,2001,8(2):36～38
10 闵斌,于顺平,辛玮江等.双孔隙度方法在油藏描述中的应用.石油物探,1998,37(3):109～118
①高永进.东营凹陷勘探方向及部署建议.2001
2 刘佳琦.数学物理方程反问题的分类及不适定性问题求解.应用数学与计算数学,1983,(4)
3 贺振华主编.反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法.重庆:重庆大学出版社,1989
4 Gray SH,Bleiste nN.Imagingandinversionofzero-offsetse ismicdata.ProceedingoftheIE EE.1986,74(3):440～445
5 赵宪生,梁桂蓉,罗运先.子波反演与波阻抗反演.物探化探计算技术,1998,21(3):206～211
6 黄捍东,贺振华,刘洪昌等.测井-构造约束地震资料目标反演.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(5):595～600
7 曹统仁.地震资料解释与储层横向预测.西南石油学院学报,1997,19(4):20～26
8 宁松华,张亚敏.断块油田储层横向预测方法.断块油气田,1997,4(3):12～14
9 彭传圣,王永诗,常国贞等.罗家地区砂砾岩储集层地球物理预测技术.油气地质与采收率,2001,8(2):36～38
10 闵斌,于顺平,辛玮江等.双孔隙度方法在油藏描述中的应用.石油物探,1998,37(3):109～118
①高永进.东营凹陷勘探方向及部署建议.2001
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