多分量地震裂缝预测技术进展
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摘要
多分量勘探技术近年来发展迅速,在非均质性储层的含油气预测、油藏精细描述中发挥了重要作用并显示了巨大的应用潜力,由于横波对介质的各向异性响应比纵波敏感,故利用多分量技术探测介质各向异性参数比常规纵波勘探更有优势。回顾了近年来利用多分量技术探测裂缝各向异性的进展状况,重点介绍了利用横波双折射现象预测裂缝走向、密度的方法原理和实际应用的一些主要方法如最小熵旋转法、正交基旋转法、全局寻优法等及其应用效果,并指出了每种方法的优点与不足,最后展望了该技术的应用前景。
The fast growing technique,multicomponent seismic,has played an important role and shown a great potential for application to the oil and gas prediction of heterogeneous reservoir and the reservoir fine description.As S-wave is more sensitive to anisotropy medium than P-wave,multicomponent seismic has many advantages over the pure P-wave exploration in estimating anisotropy parameters.The paper reviews the progress of multicomponent methods for detecting fractures in recent years,and provides a brief introduction to the theory of using S-wave birefringence to predict fracture orientation and density,as well as some main methods in practice such as minimum entropy rotation method,orthogonal base rotation method and simulated annealing method.It also presents the effects,advantages and disadvantages of every method,and offers a prospect for the technique application.
The fast growing technique,multicomponent seismic,has played an important role and shown a great potential for application to the oil and gas prediction of heterogeneous reservoir and the reservoir fine description.As S-wave is more sensitive to anisotropy medium than P-wave,multicomponent seismic has many advantages over the pure P-wave exploration in estimating anisotropy parameters.The paper reviews the progress of multicomponent methods for detecting fractures in recent years,and provides a brief introduction to the theory of using S-wave birefringence to predict fracture orientation and density,as well as some main methods in practice such as minimum entropy rotation method,orthogonal base rotation method and simulated annealing method.It also presents the effects,advantages and disadvantages of every method,and offers a prospect for the technique application.
引文
[1]杨光海,王必金,郭建伟.利用地震多波NMO速度信息预测裂缝的方法[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(5):647-649.
[2]邓攀,魏国齐,杨泳.储层构造裂缝定量预测中地质数学模型的建立与应用研究[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(4):480-484.
[3]Lynn H,Thomsen L.Shear-wave exploration along the pri-ncipal axes[C]//56th Annual International Meeting.SEG,Expanded Abstracts,1986.473-476.
[4]刘恩儒,曾新吾.裂缝介质的有效弹性常数[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):38-441.
[5]Schoenberg M,Douma J.Elastic wave propagation inmediawith parallel fractures and aligned cracks[J].Geophys Prosp,1988,36:571-590.
[6]Ruger A,Tsvankin I.Using AVO for fracture detection:An-alytic basis and practical solutions[J].The Leading Edge,1997,10:1429-1434.
[7]Sayers C,Rickett J E.Azimuthal variation in AVO responsefor fractured gas sands[J].Geophys Prosp,1997,45:165-182.
[8]Bakulin.Estimation of fracture parameters of HTI media fromsurface P and PS data[G]//SEG 1999 Expanded Abstracts,1999.
[9]Andrey Bakulin.Estimation of fracture parameters from refl-ection seismic data-Part I:HTI model due to a single fractureset[J].Geophysics,2000,65(6):1788-1802.
[10]李亚林,李承楚.一种拾取裂隙密度的新方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(3):286-292.
[11]李彦鹏,马在田.快慢波分离及其在裂隙检测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(4):428-432.
[12]刘恩儒,曾新吾.裂缝介质的有效弹性常数[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):38-441.
[13]马在田.计算地球物理学概论[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997.
[14]张晓斌,李亚林.利用多波资料检测裂缝[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):431-438.
[15]Gabriela Dumitru,Richard Bale.Minimum entropy Rotation:a new shear-wave splitting technique for converted wave data[G]//SEG 2000 Expanded Abstracts,2000:1229-1232.
[16]黄中玉,赵金洲.正交基旋转的横波分裂检测技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(2):149-152.
[17]Dariu HP,Granger Y.Birefringence analysis using simulatedannealing[C]//67th Annual International Conference andExhibition,EAGE,Expanded Abstracts,2005:Z-99.
[2]邓攀,魏国齐,杨泳.储层构造裂缝定量预测中地质数学模型的建立与应用研究[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(4):480-484.
[3]Lynn H,Thomsen L.Shear-wave exploration along the pri-ncipal axes[C]//56th Annual International Meeting.SEG,Expanded Abstracts,1986.473-476.
[4]刘恩儒,曾新吾.裂缝介质的有效弹性常数[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):38-441.
[5]Schoenberg M,Douma J.Elastic wave propagation inmediawith parallel fractures and aligned cracks[J].Geophys Prosp,1988,36:571-590.
[6]Ruger A,Tsvankin I.Using AVO for fracture detection:An-alytic basis and practical solutions[J].The Leading Edge,1997,10:1429-1434.
[7]Sayers C,Rickett J E.Azimuthal variation in AVO responsefor fractured gas sands[J].Geophys Prosp,1997,45:165-182.
[8]Bakulin.Estimation of fracture parameters of HTI media fromsurface P and PS data[G]//SEG 1999 Expanded Abstracts,1999.
[9]Andrey Bakulin.Estimation of fracture parameters from refl-ection seismic data-Part I:HTI model due to a single fractureset[J].Geophysics,2000,65(6):1788-1802.
[10]李亚林,李承楚.一种拾取裂隙密度的新方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(3):286-292.
[11]李彦鹏,马在田.快慢波分离及其在裂隙检测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(4):428-432.
[12]刘恩儒,曾新吾.裂缝介质的有效弹性常数[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):38-441.
[13]马在田.计算地球物理学概论[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997.
[14]张晓斌,李亚林.利用多波资料检测裂缝[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):431-438.
[15]Gabriela Dumitru,Richard Bale.Minimum entropy Rotation:a new shear-wave splitting technique for converted wave data[G]//SEG 2000 Expanded Abstracts,2000:1229-1232.
[16]黄中玉,赵金洲.正交基旋转的横波分裂检测技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(2):149-152.
[17]Dariu HP,Granger Y.Birefringence analysis using simulatedannealing[C]//67th Annual International Conference andExhibition,EAGE,Expanded Abstracts,2005:Z-99.
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