窟窿山地区地震采集激发参数研究
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摘要
酒泉盆地窟窿山地区老地层出露,而且缺少潜水面或潜水面极深,地形恶劣,表层断裂发育,导致激发条件很差,严重影响了该区激发参数的选择。本文通过虚反射机理分析,提出了充分利用虚反射能量设计最佳激发井深、增强下传地震波能量的采集方法。对于长药柱问题,本文从理论上分析了药柱长度与地震波响应间的相互关系,同时还考虑了长药柱的跨层激发问题,认为跨层激发对激发低频地震波不利,应力求在同一个速度层内激发。
The surface in Kulongshan mountainous area of Jiuquan Basin is characteristics of outcropping ancient formation, lack of water table or extreme deep water table, precipitous topography and developed surface fractures, which made shooting conditions poorer and seriously affected the selection of shooting parameters in the region. Analyzing ghost mechanism, the paper presented the acquisition method fully using ghost energy to design the optimum shooting depth and strengthen the energy of down-propagating seismic waves. As concerns of the issue of long dynamite column, the writer analyzed theoretically the mutual relationship between the length of dynamite column and seismic response, and also considered the issue of across-layer shooting by long dynamite column at the same time, from which we concluded that across-layer shooting is unfavorable for shooting low-frequency seismic waves and it should make our efforts to shoot in same velocity layer.
The surface in Kulongshan mountainous area of Jiuquan Basin is characteristics of outcropping ancient formation, lack of water table or extreme deep water table, precipitous topography and developed surface fractures, which made shooting conditions poorer and seriously affected the selection of shooting parameters in the region. Analyzing ghost mechanism, the paper presented the acquisition method fully using ghost energy to design the optimum shooting depth and strengthen the energy of down-propagating seismic waves. As concerns of the issue of long dynamite column, the writer analyzed theoretically the mutual relationship between the length of dynamite column and seismic response, and also considered the issue of across-layer shooting by long dynamite column at the same time, from which we concluded that across-layer shooting is unfavorable for shooting low-frequency seismic waves and it should make our efforts to shoot in same velocity layer.
引文
[1]李振春,张军华．地震数据处理方法．山东东营:石油大学出版社,2004,81～88
[2]傅朝奎．关于地震采集中的井深和药量的研究．石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊1):31～34
[3]李庆忠．地震高分辨率勘探中的误区和对策．石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(6):751～781
[4]唐东磊等．潜水面以下激发深度选取的理论分析．勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(1):36～41
[2]傅朝奎．关于地震采集中的井深和药量的研究．石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊1):31～34
[3]李庆忠．地震高分辨率勘探中的误区和对策．石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(6):751～781
[4]唐东磊等．潜水面以下激发深度选取的理论分析．勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(1):36～41
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