煤矿瓦斯灾害中地震活动因素探讨
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摘要
2001年11月14～22日,山西省5座煤矿相继发生煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故。与此同时中国新疆、青海交界昆仑山处发生里氏8 1级特大地震及数次余震。文章对比分析了2001年地震活动及煤矿瓦斯爆炸数据,发现本年度矿山瓦斯爆炸峰值与地震频次峰值基本吻合。爆炸事故发生率及破坏性地震发生率均在2001年4、7和11月出现高峰期,在时间上具有同步性。通过进一步分析山西煤矿瓦斯爆炸与昆仑山地区地震活动对应关系、吉林省松树镇煤矿瓦斯灾害与汪清县地震活动对应关系、河北省葛泉煤矿瓦斯及二氧化碳(CO2)浓度在隆尧县地震发生前后的波动及急剧升高现象等认为构造活动引起地应力变化会对煤矿产生影响。初步研究结果认为,生产和管理者的疏忽是未能避免瓦斯爆炸的原因之一。在同一构造应力场中,煤矿瓦斯的增量、溢出与地壳活动之间存在着密切联系。
In the November 14 to 22 of 2001, the gas explosion accidents took place successively in 5 coal mines located in the Shangxi Province. In the meanwhile, an intensity earthquake with Ms8 and several aftershocks occurred in the Kunlun Mountains between the border of the Xinjiang Province and Qinghai Province. The paper makes a comparative analysis of the data of the earthquake activities and the gas explosions in 2001, and educes the result that the peaks of the explosion accidents and the destructive earthquake all appeared in April,July,and November of 2001.The further study for the phenomena that the concentration of the coal gas and the carbon dioxide in Getian coal mine got fast higher before and after the earthquake in Longyao county shows that the variety of the stress field caused by the activity of the active tectonics will affect the coal mines.We think that the carelessness of the workers and the supervisors is one of factors which caused the explosion of coal gas in the preliminary research.There are some close relation between the coal gas incremental overflow and the earthquake in the same stress field.
In the November 14 to 22 of 2001, the gas explosion accidents took place successively in 5 coal mines located in the Shangxi Province. In the meanwhile, an intensity earthquake with Ms8 and several aftershocks occurred in the Kunlun Mountains between the border of the Xinjiang Province and Qinghai Province. The paper makes a comparative analysis of the data of the earthquake activities and the gas explosions in 2001, and educes the result that the peaks of the explosion accidents and the destructive earthquake all appeared in April,July,and November of 2001.The further study for the phenomena that the concentration of the coal gas and the carbon dioxide in Getian coal mine got fast higher before and after the earthquake in Longyao county shows that the variety of the stress field caused by the activity of the active tectonics will affect the coal mines.We think that the carelessness of the workers and the supervisors is one of factors which caused the explosion of coal gas in the preliminary research.There are some close relation between the coal gas incremental overflow and the earthquake in the same stress field.
引文
[1] [EB OL].http: www.chinasafety.gov.cn,2002-09-28.
[2] [EB OL].http: www.csi.ac.cn,2001-12-02.
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[4] 赵文星,啜文清,等.山西煤矿瓦斯爆炸与昆仑山口西8 1级地震关系的研究报告[R].2002.
[5] 刘起才、李成栋.河北煤炭发技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1997.
[6] [EB OL].ttp: www.csi.ac.cn,2003-01-10.
[7] [EB OL].http: www.csi.ac.cn,2001-12-31.
[8] [EB OL].http: www.chinasafety.gov.cn,2002-12-28.
[9] [EB OL].http: www.eq-he.ac.cn,2002-04-22.
[10] 赵敦义.构造应力与井巷工程稳定性[M],北京:煤炭工业出版社,1984.
[11] Richardson.煤层储气及煤层气运移的物理过程[J].USSocietyofPetroleumEngineers,1992,12(4):56-60.
[12] 刘文汇.值得重视的有机质演化营力———成烃的力化学作用[J].天然气地球科学.1995,6(4):1-74.
[13] EnglandWA.Themovementofpetroleumfluidsinthesubsurface[J].JournaloftheGeologicalSociety,1987.144:327-347.
[14] DziewonskiAM,AndersonDL.Preliminaryreferenceearthmodel[M].NewYork:PhysEarthPlanetInt,1981.
[2] [EB OL].http: www.csi.ac.cn,2001-12-02.
[3] [EB OL].http: www.sohu.com,2001-11-16
[4] 赵文星,啜文清,等.山西煤矿瓦斯爆炸与昆仑山口西8 1级地震关系的研究报告[R].2002.
[5] 刘起才、李成栋.河北煤炭发技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1997.
[6] [EB OL].ttp: www.csi.ac.cn,2003-01-10.
[7] [EB OL].http: www.csi.ac.cn,2001-12-31.
[8] [EB OL].http: www.chinasafety.gov.cn,2002-12-28.
[9] [EB OL].http: www.eq-he.ac.cn,2002-04-22.
[10] 赵敦义.构造应力与井巷工程稳定性[M],北京:煤炭工业出版社,1984.
[11] Richardson.煤层储气及煤层气运移的物理过程[J].USSocietyofPetroleumEngineers,1992,12(4):56-60.
[12] 刘文汇.值得重视的有机质演化营力———成烃的力化学作用[J].天然气地球科学.1995,6(4):1-74.
[13] EnglandWA.Themovementofpetroleumfluidsinthesubsurface[J].JournaloftheGeologicalSociety,1987.144:327-347.
[14] DziewonskiAM,AndersonDL.Preliminaryreferenceearthmodel[M].NewYork:PhysEarthPlanetInt,1981.
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