地震滑坡危险性评价及编图——以映秀震中区为例
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摘要
虽然宣称地球已进入地震多发期目前学术界还存在不少争议,但不得不承认近期的破坏性强震发生的频率较以往高。强震诱发的滑坡灾害也越来越成为了地质学家们研究的热点。在对一个地区发出中长期地震预报之后,如果也能相应地对该地区的斜坡稳定性进行评价,从而预测地震时滑坡最可能发生的地段,这对于减轻震区人民的伤亡和财产损失将具有重要的意义。本文对目前常用的地震滑坡危险性评价方法进行了简要介绍,并以"5.12"汶川地震映秀震中区为例,运用Newmark方法对该区进行了地震滑坡危险性评价和编图示范,探讨了目前常用地震滑坡危险性评价方法的优缺点及今后区域性地震滑坡危险性评价的发展方向。
Although there exists controversy concerning the problem whether the Earth has entered into the earthquake-prone period or not,it is generally accepted that the frequency of the recent devastating earthquake is higher than that in the past.The earthquake-induced landslides are increasingly becoming the research focus of geologists.The prediction of the earthquake-induced landslide prone area and the assessment of the seismic landslide hazards are of great significance for reducing casualties and property losses after a regional long-term earthquake prediction.In this paper,the commonly used seismic landslide hazard evaluation methods are presented and the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are discussed.As an example,the seismic landslide hazards assessment and mapping in Yingxiu area was conducted by using Newmark model.
Although there exists controversy concerning the problem whether the Earth has entered into the earthquake-prone period or not,it is generally accepted that the frequency of the recent devastating earthquake is higher than that in the past.The earthquake-induced landslides are increasingly becoming the research focus of geologists.The prediction of the earthquake-induced landslide prone area and the assessment of the seismic landslide hazards are of great significance for reducing casualties and property losses after a regional long-term earthquake prediction.In this paper,the commonly used seismic landslide hazard evaluation methods are presented and the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are discussed.As an example,the seismic landslide hazards assessment and mapping in Yingxiu area was conducted by using Newmark model.
引文
[1]唐川,朱静,张翔瑞.GIS支持下的地震诱发滑坡危险区预测研究[J].地震研究,2001,24(1):73-81.Tang Chuan,Zhu Jing,Zhang Xiangrui.GIS Based Earthquake Triggered Landslide Hazard Prediction[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2001,24(1):73-81(in Chinese with English abstract).
[2]Keefer D K.Investigating landslides caused by earthquakes——A historical review[J].Surveys in Geophysics,2002,23(6),473-510.
[3]Rodríguez C E,Bommer J J,Chandler R J.Earthquake-induced landslides:1980-1997[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1999,18(5):325-346.
[4]Gorum T.et al.Distribution pattern of earthquake-induced landslides triggered by the12May2008Wenchuan earthquake[J].Geomorphology,2010,12.03.
[5]Dai F C,Xu C,Yao X,et al.Spatial distribution of landslides triggered by the2008Ms8.0Wenchuan earthquake,China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2011,40:883-895.
[6]李天池.地震与滑坡的关系及地震滑坡预测的探讨[C]//铁道部科学研究院西北研究所.滑坡文集(第二集).北京:人民铁道出版社,1979:127-142.Li Tianchi.Earthquake and landslide relations and seismic landslide prediction[C]//Northwest Institute of Railway Sciences Academy.Landslide Papers Collected(Part2)Beijing:People's Railway Publishing House,1979:127-142(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]乔建平,赵宇.滑坡危险度区划述评[J].山地学报,2001,19(2):157-160.Qiao Jianping,Zhao Yu.Review on rick degree regionalization of Landslide[J].Journal of Mountain Research,2001,19(2):157-160(in Chinese with English abstract).
[8]王余庆,高艳平,辛鸿博.预测岩土边坡地震崩塌的综合指标法研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(3):311-314.Wang Yuqing,Gao Yanping,Xin Hongbo,et al.Study on comprehensive index method for predicting earthquake-induced landslides[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(3):311-314(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]Newmark N M.Effects of earthquakes on dams and embankments[J].Geotechnique,1965,15(2):139-160.
[10]Keefer D K,Wilson R C.Predicting earthquake-induced landslides,with emphasis on arid and semi-add environments[J].Landslides in a Semi-Arid Environment,1989,(2):118-149.
[11]Jibson R W,H arp E L,Michael J A.A method for producing digital probabilistic seismic landslide[J].Eng.Geol.,2000,58:271-289.
[12]Jibson R W.Regression methods for estimating coseismic landslide displacement[J].Engineering Geology,2007,90:209-218.
[13]陈晓利.人工智能在地震滑坡危险性评价中的应用[D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所,2007.Chen Xiaoli.Application of Artificial Intelligence to Assessment of Earthquake-induced Landslide Susceptibility[D]:BeiJing:Institute of Geology of China Earthquake Administration,2007.
成都理工学院区域地质调查一队.中华人民共和国区域地质图——1∶50000映秀幅(H-48-27-D),1995.
[2]Keefer D K.Investigating landslides caused by earthquakes——A historical review[J].Surveys in Geophysics,2002,23(6),473-510.
[3]Rodríguez C E,Bommer J J,Chandler R J.Earthquake-induced landslides:1980-1997[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1999,18(5):325-346.
[4]Gorum T.et al.Distribution pattern of earthquake-induced landslides triggered by the12May2008Wenchuan earthquake[J].Geomorphology,2010,12.03.
[5]Dai F C,Xu C,Yao X,et al.Spatial distribution of landslides triggered by the2008Ms8.0Wenchuan earthquake,China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2011,40:883-895.
[6]李天池.地震与滑坡的关系及地震滑坡预测的探讨[C]//铁道部科学研究院西北研究所.滑坡文集(第二集).北京:人民铁道出版社,1979:127-142.Li Tianchi.Earthquake and landslide relations and seismic landslide prediction[C]//Northwest Institute of Railway Sciences Academy.Landslide Papers Collected(Part2)Beijing:People's Railway Publishing House,1979:127-142(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]乔建平,赵宇.滑坡危险度区划述评[J].山地学报,2001,19(2):157-160.Qiao Jianping,Zhao Yu.Review on rick degree regionalization of Landslide[J].Journal of Mountain Research,2001,19(2):157-160(in Chinese with English abstract).
[8]王余庆,高艳平,辛鸿博.预测岩土边坡地震崩塌的综合指标法研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(3):311-314.Wang Yuqing,Gao Yanping,Xin Hongbo,et al.Study on comprehensive index method for predicting earthquake-induced landslides[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(3):311-314(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]Newmark N M.Effects of earthquakes on dams and embankments[J].Geotechnique,1965,15(2):139-160.
[10]Keefer D K,Wilson R C.Predicting earthquake-induced landslides,with emphasis on arid and semi-add environments[J].Landslides in a Semi-Arid Environment,1989,(2):118-149.
[11]Jibson R W,H arp E L,Michael J A.A method for producing digital probabilistic seismic landslide[J].Eng.Geol.,2000,58:271-289.
[12]Jibson R W.Regression methods for estimating coseismic landslide displacement[J].Engineering Geology,2007,90:209-218.
[13]陈晓利.人工智能在地震滑坡危险性评价中的应用[D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所,2007.Chen Xiaoli.Application of Artificial Intelligence to Assessment of Earthquake-induced Landslide Susceptibility[D]:BeiJing:Institute of Geology of China Earthquake Administration,2007.
成都理工学院区域地质调查一队.中华人民共和国区域地质图——1∶50000映秀幅(H-48-27-D),1995.
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