垂向叠加震源冲击波激发地震波的能量分析
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摘要
本文根据有关爆破理论,分析了球形装药爆炸时冲击波转换成地震波的能量关系,对多级小药量垂向延迟震源地震波能量叠加的原理进行了研究,认为两级垂向延迟时间取决于两级球形装药的距离,而且在确定此距离时要同时考虑一级球形装药爆炸所形成的粉碎区直径和炸药的殉爆距离。在合理控制两级或多级球形装药起爆时间条件下,能提高地震波的下传能量,同时减少地表的振动。根据这项理论分析结果,进行了垂向延迟叠加震源试验。试验结果表明,垂向延迟叠加震源可在保证一定信噪比的前提下,提高地震波的频率,是高精度地震勘探较理想的激发震源。
According to explosive theory,the paper analyzed the relation of energy transformed from shock wave into seismic wave when explosion by spherical charge,studied the principle of seismic energy stacked by using multilevel small charge sized and vertically delayed sources,which suggested that two level vertically delayed time depends on the interval of two level spherical charges and it must consider the radius of broken zone formed by explosion of one level spherical charge and the explosion save distance.Under the condition of reasonable controlling on time of ignition of two level or multilevel spherical charge,the downgoing energy of seismic wave can be improved and the vibration of surface can be reduced.The experiment of vertically delayed stack source has been implemented by using the results of the theoretical analysis.The results showed that the vertically delayed stack source can increase the frequency of seismic wave in a precondition of ensuring a certain S/N ratio,that is ideal explosive source for high precision seismic exploration.
According to explosive theory,the paper analyzed the relation of energy transformed from shock wave into seismic wave when explosion by spherical charge,studied the principle of seismic energy stacked by using multilevel small charge sized and vertically delayed sources,which suggested that two level vertically delayed time depends on the interval of two level spherical charges and it must consider the radius of broken zone formed by explosion of one level spherical charge and the explosion save distance.Under the condition of reasonable controlling on time of ignition of two level or multilevel spherical charge,the downgoing energy of seismic wave can be improved and the vibration of surface can be reduced.The experiment of vertically delayed stack source has been implemented by using the results of the theoretical analysis.The results showed that the vertically delayed stack source can increase the frequency of seismic wave in a precondition of ensuring a certain S/N ratio,that is ideal explosive source for high precision seismic exploration.
引文
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[2]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1993
[3]宗琦.岩石爆炸的扩腔作用及能量消耗.煤炭学报,1997,22(4):392～396
[4]郭金峰编译.爆破震动的预报与测试.爆破器材,1995,24(4):33～37
[5]李翼祺,马素贞著.爆炸力学.北京:科学出版社,1992
[6]张守中编著.爆炸与冲击动力学.北京:兵器工业出版社,1993
[7]王儒策,赵国志主编.弹丸终点效应.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1993
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