铁路桥梁地震灾害损失评估技术
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摘要
铁路作为生命线工程,在社会和经济发展中发挥着重要的作用,而铁路桥梁则是这条生命线上的咽喉要道。地震发生后如何简便快捷地对铁路桥梁的地震灾害损失进行评估,对制定抢险救灾方案和灾后重建规划意义重大。以混凝土梁桥为例研究了铁路桥梁的地震灾害损失评估,针对铁路混凝土梁桥的构造特点和地震灾害的破坏形式,基于层次分析法原理提出了适用于铁路桥梁地震灾害损失评估的分层加权综合法。研究表明,采用分层加权综合法计算铁路桥梁的震害指数,确定其地震破坏等级和相应的损失比,进而计算铁路桥梁的地震灾害损失,简便实用,可操作性强,评估结果客观且可信度高。
As a lifeline engineering,railway plays an important role in the social and economic development,and railway bridge is the key linkage of the lifeline.It is of great significance to assess the railway bridge damage loss quickly and conveniently after the earthquake for the earthquake relief and post-disaster reconstruction work.For the case of railway concrete girder bridges,in view of the railway bridge engineering structure characteristics and earthquake disaster damage forms,a hierarchical weighted synthesis method was put forward for the assessment of railway bridge earthquake disaster loss based on the principle of analytical hierarchy process.The research indicates that the hierarchical weighted synthesis method is simple and practical to calculate the railway bridge damage index,determine the earthquake damage level and the corresponding loss ratio,and evaluate the railway bridge earthquake disaster loss.The maneuverability is strong,the results of the evaluation are objective and credible.
As a lifeline engineering,railway plays an important role in the social and economic development,and railway bridge is the key linkage of the lifeline.It is of great significance to assess the railway bridge damage loss quickly and conveniently after the earthquake for the earthquake relief and post-disaster reconstruction work.For the case of railway concrete girder bridges,in view of the railway bridge engineering structure characteristics and earthquake disaster damage forms,a hierarchical weighted synthesis method was put forward for the assessment of railway bridge earthquake disaster loss based on the principle of analytical hierarchy process.The research indicates that the hierarchical weighted synthesis method is simple and practical to calculate the railway bridge damage index,determine the earthquake damage level and the corresponding loss ratio,and evaluate the railway bridge earthquake disaster loss.The maneuverability is strong,the results of the evaluation are objective and credible.
引文
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[10]赵焕臣.层次分析法[M].北京:科学出版社,1986:42-48.ZHAO Huanchen.Analytical Hierarchy Process[M].Beijing:Science Press,1986:42-48.(in Chinese)
[2]温瑞智,陶夏新,谢礼立.生命线系统的震害耦联[J].自然灾害学报,2002,9(2):105-110.WEN Ruizhi,TAO Xiaxin,XIE Lili.Earthquake damage analysis of coupling lifeline systems[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2002,9(2):105-110.(in Chinese)
[3]国家地震局.地震现场工作第四部分:灾害直接损失评估[S].北京:地震出版社,2005.State Seismological Bureau.Earthquake Field Work Part 4:Disaster Direct Loss Evaluation[S].Beijing:Seismological Press,2005.(inChinese)
[4]李树帧.地震损失评估[M].北京:地震出版社,1996:21-23.LI Shuzhen.Seismic Disasters Evaluation[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1996:21-23.(in Chinese)
[5]国家地震局.地震现场工作大纲和技术指南[S].北京:地震出版社,2000.State Seismological Bureau.Earthquake Field Work Outline and Technical Guidelines[S].Beijing:Seismological Press,2000.(in Chinese)
[6]Schuster R L.Landslides-Analysis and Control[R].Washington D.C.Transportation Research Board,1978.
[7]杨帆.铁路桥梁地震灾害损失评估技术研究[D].石家庄:石家庄铁道大学,2010:68-91.YANG Fan.Study on the Assessment Technology of the Earthquake Loss of Railway Bridge[D].Shijiazhuang:Shijiazhuang Railway University,2010:68-91.(in Chinese)
[8]国家地震局.地震现场工作第三部分:调查规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.State Seismological Bureau.Post Earthquake Field Works-Part 3:Code for Field Survey[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2000.(inChinese)
[9]张吉军.模糊层次分析法(FAHP)[J].模糊系统与数学,2000,14(2):80-88.ZHANG Jijun.Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process[J].Fuzzy Systems and Mathematics,2000,14(2):80-88.(in Chinese)
[10]赵焕臣.层次分析法[M].北京:科学出版社,1986:42-48.ZHAO Huanchen.Analytical Hierarchy Process[M].Beijing:Science Press,1986:42-48.(in Chinese)
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