中美日地震应急管理现状分析与研究
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摘要
地震是不可避免的自然灾害之一。在制定与施行地震灾害应急措施的过程中,由于国情不同,各国存在较大的差异,发达国家和地震多发国家地震灾害应对制度相对完善。针对我国地震灾害应急管理工作现状中存在的问题,通过比较分析美国、日本等发达国家的地震灾害应急管理现状,给出在应急管理机制、体制、法制等方面科学、合理、有效的建议,进一步完善我国地震灾害应急管理体系。
Earthquake is one of the inevitable natural disasters.Every country develops and implements different earthquake emergency response measures according to its own national conditions.Systems for dealing with earthquake disaster are relatively complete for developed and earthquake-prone countries.Based on the analysis of status quo in the US and Japan,this paper pointed out the problems existed in the emergency management in China and proposed scientific,reasonable and effective recommendations on the management,organization and legal systems.It is helpful to the improvement of China's earthquake disaster emergency management system.
Earthquake is one of the inevitable natural disasters.Every country develops and implements different earthquake emergency response measures according to its own national conditions.Systems for dealing with earthquake disaster are relatively complete for developed and earthquake-prone countries.Based on the analysis of status quo in the US and Japan,this paper pointed out the problems existed in the emergency management in China and proposed scientific,reasonable and effective recommendations on the management,organization and legal systems.It is helpful to the improvement of China's earthquake disaster emergency management system.
引文
[1]杨新红.美国减灾的应急及社会联动机制研究——以卡特里娜飓风为例[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2012,8(1):118-122.YANG Xinhong.Study on linkage mechanism of disaster reduction and social participation of USA in hurricane katrina[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2012,8(1):118-122.(in Chinese)
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[11]徐德诗,孙雄,陈虹,等.中国地震应急救援工作综述[J].国际地震动态,2004(6):1-7.XU Deshi,SUN Xiong,CHEN Hong,et al.Summarization of earthquake emergency and rescue in China[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,2004(6):1-7.(in Chinese)
[12]姜立新,帅向华,聂高众,等.地震应急联动信息服务技术平台设计探讨[J].震灾防御技术,2011,6(2):156-163.JIANG Lixin,SHUAI Xianghua,NIE Gaozhong,et al.Discussion on the design of earthquake emergency linkage information service platform[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2011,6(2):156-163.(in Chinese)
[13]王辉山,黄宏生,于威宇,等.基于震害影响因子的区域建筑易损性分析方法[J].内陆地震,2011,25(3):275-282.WANG Huishan,HUANG Hongsheng,YU Weiyu,et al.Analysis on the regional building vulnerability based on the damage influencing factors[J].Inland Earthquake,2011,25(3):275-282.(in Chinese)
[14]邹文卫.我国青少年减灾意识教育浅析[J].自然灾害学报,2007,12(16):125.ZOU Wenwei.Preliminary analysisof education on awareness of disaster reducti on for teen-agers in China[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2007,12(16):125.(in Chinese)
[2]夏坤,吴志坚,董林.日本9.0级特大地震应急救援与灾后重建对我国的启示[J].防灾科技学院学报,2012,14(2):75-80.XIA Kun,WU Zhijian,DONG Lin.Lessons for China about emergency rescue and reconstruction analysis of Japan's 9.0 great earthquake[J].Journal of Institute of Disaster-prevention Science and Technology,2012,14(2):75-80.(in Chinese)
[3]帅向华,杨桂岭,姜立新.日本防灾减灾与地震应急工作现状[J].地震,2004,24(3):101-106.ShUAI Xianghua,YANG Guiling,JIANG Lixin.Disaster mitigation and earthquake disaster emergency management in Japan[J].Earthquake,2004,24(3):101-106.(in Chinese)
[4]申瑞瑞,融燕.日本自然灾害应急机制对我国政府的启示——以“3·11”大地震应急措施为例[J].北京电子科技学院学报,2011,19(3):55-61.SHEN RuiRui,RONG Yan.The edification to chinese government given by japanese sudden natural disaster emergency system———taking“3·11”great earthquake's emergency measures as an example[J].Journal of Beijing Electronic Science&Technology Institute,2011,19(3):55-61.(in Chinese)
[5]徐德诗,黄建发.我国地震应急与救援发展的思考[J].国际地震动态,2006(10):1-8.XU Deshi,HUANG Jianfa.Thoughts on the developments in earthquake emergency response and search and rescue in China[J].Recent Developments in The World Seismology,2006(10):1-8.(in Chinese)
[6]杜江,吴兆营.我国地震应急预案体系的现状分析[J].防灾科技学院学报,2011,13(2):71-75.DU Jiang,WU Zhaoying.Present condition analysis of earthquake emergency predetermined plan in China[J].Journal of Institute of Disaster Prevention,2011,13(2):71-75.(in Chinese)
[7]姜立新,颞高众,帅向华,等.我国地震应急指挥技术体系初探[J].自然灾害学报.2003,12(2):1-6.JIANG Lixin,NIE Gaozhong,SHUAI Xianghua,et al.Primary exploration of earthquake emergency command system in China[J].Journal of Natural Disaters,2003,12(2):1-6.(in Chinese)
[8]方盛举.论政府危机管理的共治模式[J].云南行政学院学报,2011,13(6):24-28.FANG Shengju.On the co-governance modes of government crisis management[J].Journal of Yunnan Administration College,2011,13(6):24-28.(in Chinese)
[9]张祯,王建军,陈虹.由大震现场救援分析制定标准工作程序的必要性[J].华南地震,2011,31(4):108-115.ZHANG Zhen,WANG Jianjun,CHEN Hong.Necessity of making a standard operation procedure by analyzing huge earthquake rescue[J].South China Journal of Seismology,2011,31(4):108-115.(in Chinese)
[10]李亦纲,吴建春,张媛,等.地震应急救援能力评价指标与计算方法研究[J].震灾防御技术,2011,6(2):172-179.LI Yigang,WU Jianchun,ZHANG Yuan,et al.Study of indicators for earthquake and emergency rescue capability and its evaluation method[J].Technology For Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2011,6(2):172-179.(in Chinese)
[11]徐德诗,孙雄,陈虹,等.中国地震应急救援工作综述[J].国际地震动态,2004(6):1-7.XU Deshi,SUN Xiong,CHEN Hong,et al.Summarization of earthquake emergency and rescue in China[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,2004(6):1-7.(in Chinese)
[12]姜立新,帅向华,聂高众,等.地震应急联动信息服务技术平台设计探讨[J].震灾防御技术,2011,6(2):156-163.JIANG Lixin,SHUAI Xianghua,NIE Gaozhong,et al.Discussion on the design of earthquake emergency linkage information service platform[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2011,6(2):156-163.(in Chinese)
[13]王辉山,黄宏生,于威宇,等.基于震害影响因子的区域建筑易损性分析方法[J].内陆地震,2011,25(3):275-282.WANG Huishan,HUANG Hongsheng,YU Weiyu,et al.Analysis on the regional building vulnerability based on the damage influencing factors[J].Inland Earthquake,2011,25(3):275-282.(in Chinese)
[14]邹文卫.我国青少年减灾意识教育浅析[J].自然灾害学报,2007,12(16):125.ZOU Wenwei.Preliminary analysisof education on awareness of disaster reducti on for teen-agers in China[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2007,12(16):125.(in Chinese)
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