济阳坳陷岩性油气藏地震采集技术
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摘要
济阳坳陷岩性油气藏存在砂体内部及层间地震反射弱,资料分辨率低的问题。通过较小炮检距、较小面元、较宽方位角、较大非纵距和较高的纵、横向覆盖次数等面元属性的优化组合,提高了该区地震资料的分辨率;建立了表层条件“特征网”,通过寻找表层变化“突变带”,可为最佳激发因素的选取提供可靠依据;总结了频谱分析的有效方法,提出要以砂体解释的需要为目标,避免陷入盲目追求高频率的误区。以上技术与方法在济阳坳陷官7地区岩性油气藏地震采集中取得了明显效果,显著地提高了资料的分辨率,解决了小砂体及内部的弱反射问题。
Lithologic reservoir of Jiyang depression is characterized by the weak seismic reflection in sand body and inter-bed and the low resolution of records.The resolution is improved through optimal combination of bin attributes which are small offset,small bin,wide azimuth,large off-inline distance and high coverage.Then the "feature net" of near surface conditions was created,and the "sudden transition" of near surface variations was found to provide reliable foundation for optimum shooting parameters selection.The effective methods of spectrum analysis were generalized.It is concluded that the target is satisfying sand body interpretation,not pursuing high frequency.By all of the techniques and methods above,remarkable effect in the seismic acquirement of lithologic reservoirs was obtained from the G7 field in Jiyang depression,the resolution of data was improved remarkably,and the problems of weak reflection in small sand body were solved.
Lithologic reservoir of Jiyang depression is characterized by the weak seismic reflection in sand body and inter-bed and the low resolution of records.The resolution is improved through optimal combination of bin attributes which are small offset,small bin,wide azimuth,large off-inline distance and high coverage.Then the "feature net" of near surface conditions was created,and the "sudden transition" of near surface variations was found to provide reliable foundation for optimum shooting parameters selection.The effective methods of spectrum analysis were generalized.It is concluded that the target is satisfying sand body interpretation,not pursuing high frequency.By all of the techniques and methods above,remarkable effect in the seismic acquirement of lithologic reservoirs was obtained from the G7 field in Jiyang depression,the resolution of data was improved remarkably,and the problems of weak reflection in small sand body were solved.
引文
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[2]李丕龙,陈冬霞,庞雄奇.岩性油气藏成因机理研究现状及展望[J].油气地质与采收率,2002,9(5):1-3.LI Pi-long,CHEN Dong-xia,PANG Xiong-qi.Researchprogress and prospect about origin mechanism of lithologicdeposit[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2002,9(5):1-3.
[3]罗斌,刘学伟,尹军杰.炮检距对地震分辨率影响的研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(1):16-20.LUO Bin,LIUXue-wei,YIN Jun-jie.The effect of offseton the resolution of seismic survey[J].Geophysical Pros-pecting for Petroleum,2005,44(1):16-20.
[4]尹成,吕公河,田继东,等.三维观测系统属性分析与优化设计[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(5):495-498,509.YIN Cheng,L Gong-he,TIAN Ji-dong,et al.Attrib-utes analysis and optimum design of 3-D geometry[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(5):495-498,509.
[5]李桂林,陶宗普,陈春强,等.陆上高分辨率地震勘探炸药震源激发条件分析[J].石油物探,2005,44(2):183-186.LI Gui-lin,TAO Zong-pu,CHENChun-qiang,et al.Ex-plosive energization condition analysis of high-resolutionseismic exploration offshore[J].Geophysical Prospectingfor Petroleum,2005,44(2):183-186.
[6]李庆忠.地震高分辨率勘探中的误区与对策[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(6),751-783.LI Qing-zhong.Some mistaken concepts in high-resolu-tion seismic exploration and the corresponding counter-measures[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1997,32(6),751-783.
[7]杨汝超,王晓华,周彤,等.如何制定高分辨率地震勘探中的技术指标[J].石油物探,2001,40(1):121-126.YANG Ru-chao,WANG Xiao-hua,ZHOU Tong,et al.How to make the technical index for the high-resolutionseismic exploration[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Pe-troleum,2001,40(1):121-126.
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