地震分频技术在扇三角洲演化过程研究中的应用
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摘要
地震分频是应用离散傅立叶变换(DFT)或最大熵方法,将地震数据分解成不同频率域的调谐体技术,该项技术一般应用在薄层预测方面的研究。根据储层的厚度及分布特征,选择合适时窗参数,提取地震主频率。根据地震主频在平面上的变化,可以检测沉积体边界的变化,为沉积相演化过程提供准确依据。根据地震主频率与储层厚度的转换关系,可以进一步计算储层厚度。TLG油田J2井区九佛堂组—沙海组地层发育扇三角洲沉积,通过应用地震分频技术,重点分析了研究区九佛堂组—沙海组扇三角洲的平面分布及其纵向演化规律,判断了南部边界断裂处物源在不同时期的变化特征。实例应用显示,该方法在克服常规预测沉积相边界不确定性的同时,大大提高了常规地震相识别的精细程度。
Seismic frequency-division is to transform seismic data into different frequency domains via the Discrete Fourier Transform(DFT)or the Maximum Entropy Method(MEM),and is generally used in the predication of thin reservoirs.Based on the thickness and distribution of reservoirs,seismic primary frequency can be extracted through selecting appropriate parameters of time window.Plane changes of seismic primary frequency can then be used to detect edges of sedimentary bodies,thus providing reliable evidences for the study of fan-delta evolutionary process.The relationship of seismic primary frequency and reservoir thickness can also be employed to calculate thicknesses of thin reservoirs.By applying the technology in the analysis of the Jiufetang-Shahai Formations in J2 wellblock of the TLG Oilfield,where deposits of fan-delta facies are developed,the horizontal distribution and vertical evolution pattern of the fan-delta in the research area is defined and the changing characteristics of the source near the southern boundary faults during different times are determined.This field application shows that the technology eliminates the uncertainty of conventional methods for predicting the boundary of sedimentary facies and greatly enhances the accuracy of seismic facies recognition.
Seismic frequency-division is to transform seismic data into different frequency domains via the Discrete Fourier Transform(DFT)or the Maximum Entropy Method(MEM),and is generally used in the predication of thin reservoirs.Based on the thickness and distribution of reservoirs,seismic primary frequency can be extracted through selecting appropriate parameters of time window.Plane changes of seismic primary frequency can then be used to detect edges of sedimentary bodies,thus providing reliable evidences for the study of fan-delta evolutionary process.The relationship of seismic primary frequency and reservoir thickness can also be employed to calculate thicknesses of thin reservoirs.By applying the technology in the analysis of the Jiufetang-Shahai Formations in J2 wellblock of the TLG Oilfield,where deposits of fan-delta facies are developed,the horizontal distribution and vertical evolution pattern of the fan-delta in the research area is defined and the changing characteristics of the source near the southern boundary faults during different times are determined.This field application shows that the technology eliminates the uncertainty of conventional methods for predicting the boundary of sedimentary facies and greatly enhances the accuracy of seismic facies recognition.
引文
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2崔凤林,管叶君.时频分析——薄互层结构研究的新途径[J].石油物探,1992,31(2):1~15
3李世雄.小波变换和反演数学基础[M].北京:地质出版社,1994.10~44
4 Partyka G,Gridley J,Lopez J.Interpretational application of spec-tral decomposition in reservoir characterization[J].The LeadingEdge,1999,38(6):353-360
5张奎凤,蓝晖.短时窗地震信号谱分析方法[J].石油物探,1995,34(2):94~98
6俞寿朋.高分辨率地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.184~185
7刘传虎.时频分析方法及在储层预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(1):11~20
8宿淑春,王晓华.分频波阻抗反演方法及其应用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(1):85~88
9赵政璋,赵贤正,王英民,等.储层地震预测理论与实践[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.234~243
10韩文功,张建宁,王金铎.济阳坳陷隐蔽圈闭识别与精细描述[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(6):849~859
11刘殊,唐建明,马永生,等.川东北地区长兴组—飞仙关组礁滩相储层预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(3):332~339
12毛凤鸣,陈安定,严元锋,等.苏北盆地复杂小断块油气成藏特征及地震识别技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(6):827~840
13王蛟,姜在兴,陈世悦,等.渤海湾盆地车镇凹陷沙三—沙一段沉积演化与有利砂体预测[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(4):371~371
14郝志伟,王楠,孙明涛,等.太平油田馆陶组下段辫状河储层地震反射假象分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,14(1):56~59
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