基于高分辨率遥感的建筑群在地震灾害中的脆弱性和风险分析方法及其应用
|
摘要
近年来高分辨率遥感技术快速发展,其在灾害研究领域的应用也越来越广。将遥感技术用于建筑群在地震灾害中的脆弱性和损失风险分析,不仅能保证建筑物类型和数量调查更新的时效性,而且有利于进行不同时期损失风险的对比分析,以便揭示震灾损失风险的变化规律。通过分析高分辨率建筑群的遥感影像特征,设计了一套提取建筑物属性信息(高度和面积)的方法,并通过实地调查验证了其可行性;将提取的建筑群属性信息与传统的震灾风险分析模型相结合,即可实现对研究区建筑群在地震灾害中的脆弱性和损失风险分析。以唐山市区和9个乡镇2009年的建筑物为研究对象,提取了它们的属性信息,在设定地震烈度情景下,分析了这些建筑物在地震灾害中的脆弱性和损失风险。
With the rapid development of remote sensing technology of the high-resolution,remote sensing technology will have a wider application in disaster relief field.The application ofthe high-resolution remote sensing technology to the analysis of building group vulnerabilities toseismic disasters can not only ensure the timeliness of the investigations of building types andquantity,but also help the comparative analysis of vulnerabilities and loss risks in different stagesin order to reveal the changing regularity of loss risk from seismic disaster.Based on the analysisof the image characteristics of the buildings on the high-resolution remote sensing image,thispaper designs a method which can be used to extract the attribute information(including heightand area of building).The field investigation verifies the feasibility of the method.The analysis ofearthquake vulnerabilities of building groups can be done by combining the attribute information ofthe buildings extracted from the high-resolution image with the traditional model.The paper takesthe central area of Tangshan and its nine surrounding towns in 2009 as an example,analyzing theearthquake vulnerabilities of the building groups under the condition of the scenario seismicintensity.
With the rapid development of remote sensing technology of the high-resolution,remote sensing technology will have a wider application in disaster relief field.The application ofthe high-resolution remote sensing technology to the analysis of building group vulnerabilities toseismic disasters can not only ensure the timeliness of the investigations of building types andquantity,but also help the comparative analysis of vulnerabilities and loss risks in different stagesin order to reveal the changing regularity of loss risk from seismic disaster.Based on the analysisof the image characteristics of the buildings on the high-resolution remote sensing image,thispaper designs a method which can be used to extract the attribute information(including heightand area of building).The field investigation verifies the feasibility of the method.The analysis ofearthquake vulnerabilities of building groups can be done by combining the attribute information ofthe buildings extracted from the high-resolution image with the traditional model.The paper takesthe central area of Tangshan and its nine surrounding towns in 2009 as an example,analyzing theearthquake vulnerabilities of the building groups under the condition of the scenario seismicintensity.
引文
曹治国、陈华,2006,IKONOS卫星图像的快速三维场景重建,计算机与数字工程,34(11),9～15。
陈爱军、徐光祐、史元春,2002,基于城市航空立体像对的全自动3维建筑物建模,测绘学报,31(1),54～59。
程兆广、郭雷、赵天云,2008,基于航空立体像对的三维建筑物建模,微计算机应用,29(2),36～40。
国家减灾委员会、科学技术部抗震救灾专家组,2008,汶川地震灾害综合分析与评估,北京:科学出版社。
何国金、陈刚、何晓云等,2001,利用SPOT图像阴影提取城市建筑物高度及其分布信息,中国图象图形学报,6(5),425～428。
李铁铮、翟永梅,2010,遥感技术在城市建筑震害预测中的应用研究,灾害学,25(增刊),333～338。
刘龙飞、王锐君、董卫平等,2009,一种快速提取建筑物高度的方法研究,遥感技术与应用,24(5),631～634。
谢军飞、李延明,2004,利用IKONOS卫星图像阴影提取城市建筑物高度信息,国土资源遥感,(4),4～6。
尹之潜,1996,结构易损性分类和未来地震灾害估计,中国地震,12(1),49～55。
尹之潜、杨淑文,2004,地震损失分析与设防标准,北京:地震出版社。
张桂芳、单新建、尹京苑,2005,高分辨率卫星影像图在震害快速预估中的应用,大地测量与地球动力学,25(2),63～68。
Carreno M L,Cardona O D,Barbat A H,2007,Urban seismic risk evaluation:a holistic approach,Natural Hazards,(40),137～172.
Cheng F,Thiel K H,1995,Delimiting the building heights in a city from the shadow in panchromatic SPOT-image-part1-Test ofForty Two Buildings,Int.J.Remote Sensing,16(3),409～415.
Jensen J R,Cowen D C,1999,Remote sensing of Urban/Suburban infrastructure and socio-economic attributes,PhotogrammetricEngineering and Remote Sensing,65(5),611～622.
Mueller M,Segl K,Heiden U,et al,2006,Potential of high-resolution satellite data in the context of vulnerability of buildings,Natural Hazards,(38),247～258.
Nanda B N,2004,Extraction of seismic risk related base data from multi source remote sensing imagery,Indian Institute of RemoteSensing,India.
Roy D,2007,Urban seismic risk assessment in Dehradun City using remote sensing and geoinformation techniques,Indian Instituteof Remote Sensing,India.
陈爱军、徐光祐、史元春,2002,基于城市航空立体像对的全自动3维建筑物建模,测绘学报,31(1),54～59。
程兆广、郭雷、赵天云,2008,基于航空立体像对的三维建筑物建模,微计算机应用,29(2),36～40。
国家减灾委员会、科学技术部抗震救灾专家组,2008,汶川地震灾害综合分析与评估,北京:科学出版社。
何国金、陈刚、何晓云等,2001,利用SPOT图像阴影提取城市建筑物高度及其分布信息,中国图象图形学报,6(5),425～428。
李铁铮、翟永梅,2010,遥感技术在城市建筑震害预测中的应用研究,灾害学,25(增刊),333～338。
刘龙飞、王锐君、董卫平等,2009,一种快速提取建筑物高度的方法研究,遥感技术与应用,24(5),631～634。
谢军飞、李延明,2004,利用IKONOS卫星图像阴影提取城市建筑物高度信息,国土资源遥感,(4),4～6。
尹之潜,1996,结构易损性分类和未来地震灾害估计,中国地震,12(1),49～55。
尹之潜、杨淑文,2004,地震损失分析与设防标准,北京:地震出版社。
张桂芳、单新建、尹京苑,2005,高分辨率卫星影像图在震害快速预估中的应用,大地测量与地球动力学,25(2),63～68。
Carreno M L,Cardona O D,Barbat A H,2007,Urban seismic risk evaluation:a holistic approach,Natural Hazards,(40),137～172.
Cheng F,Thiel K H,1995,Delimiting the building heights in a city from the shadow in panchromatic SPOT-image-part1-Test ofForty Two Buildings,Int.J.Remote Sensing,16(3),409～415.
Jensen J R,Cowen D C,1999,Remote sensing of Urban/Suburban infrastructure and socio-economic attributes,PhotogrammetricEngineering and Remote Sensing,65(5),611～622.
Mueller M,Segl K,Heiden U,et al,2006,Potential of high-resolution satellite data in the context of vulnerability of buildings,Natural Hazards,(38),247～258.
Nanda B N,2004,Extraction of seismic risk related base data from multi source remote sensing imagery,Indian Institute of RemoteSensing,India.
Roy D,2007,Urban seismic risk assessment in Dehradun City using remote sensing and geoinformation techniques,Indian Instituteof Remote Sensing,India.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心