地震分辨率
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摘要
地震分辨率是高分辨率地震勘探的一个核心研究内容。对现有地震分辨率的定义、极限准则和计算公式进行了较为详细的归纳总结和对比分析,同时简要叙述了分辨率研究工作的特点和影响分辨率的因素,认为提高震源子波分辨率是提高地震分辨率的基础和关键,要提高震源子波的分辨率则必须从提高震源子波的下传能量、提高高频分量的能量和研发高能量宽频带震源三方面入手。
Seismic resolution is the key content of high resolution seismic exploration. Definitions and criterions and formulas of seismic resolution are systematically reviewed and analyzed in this paper. Meantime, characteristics of resolution and factors influencing on resolution were discussed. Results show that the key and the basis to enhance seismic resolution are to enhance the resolution of source wavelet by increasing down-going energy or energy of high frequency components or developing new source of high energy and wide frequency band.
Seismic resolution is the key content of high resolution seismic exploration. Definitions and criterions and formulas of seismic resolution are systematically reviewed and analyzed in this paper. Meantime, characteristics of resolution and factors influencing on resolution were discussed. Results show that the key and the basis to enhance seismic resolution are to enhance the resolution of source wavelet by increasing down-going energy or energy of high frequency components or developing new source of high energy and wide frequency band.
引文
1 Ricker N. Wavelet contraction, wavelet expression, and the control of seismic resolution[J]. Geophysics, 1953, 18(6):769-792
2 Widess M A. How thin is a thin bed? [J]. Geophysics, 1973, 38(8) :1176-1254
3 Sheriff R E. Limitations on resolution of seismic reflection and geologic detail derivable from them[J]. AAPG Memoir 26,1977,3-14
4 Denham L R,Sheriff R E. What is horizontal resolution?[J]. Expanded Abstract of 50th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1980 Session G17
5 Kallweit R S,Wood L C. The limits of resolution of zero-phase wavelets[J]. Geophysics, 1982,47 (7):1035 -1046
6 Widess M B. Quantifying resolution power of seismic systems[J]. Geophysics, 1982, 47(8):1160-1173
7 Sheriff R E,Geldart L P. Exploration Seismology[M]. Camtridge:Cambridge University Press,1982. 152-155
8 Beylkin G,Oristaglio M,Miller D. Spatial resolution of migration algorithms[J]. Proceeding of 14th International Symposium on Accoustical Imaging, 1985,155-167
9 Wu R S,Toksoz M N. Diffraction tomography and mul-tisource holography applied to seismic imaging[J]. Geophysics, 1987, 52(1): 11-25
10 Safar M H. On the lateral resolution achieved by Kirchhoff migration [J]. Geophysics, 1985, 50 ( 8): 1091-1099
11 Vermeer G J O. Factors affecting spatial resolution [J]. The Leading Edge, 1998, 17(10):1025-1030
12 Knapp R W. Vertical resolution of thick beds, thin beds, and bed cyclothems[J], Geophysics, 1990, 55 (9):1183-1190
13 von Seggern D. Spatial resolution of acoustic imaging with the Born approximation[J]. Geophysics, 1991,56 (9):1185-1202
14 von Seggern D. Depth-imaging resolution of 3-D seis-mic recording patterns[J]. Geophysics, 1994, 59(5): 564-576
15 Chen J, Schuster G T. Resolution limits of migrated images[J] Geophysics, 1999,64(8): 1046-1053
16 Ma Zaitian,Jin Shengwen,Chen Jiubin,et al. Quantitative estimation of seismic imaging resolution[J], Expanded Abstract of 72nd Annual Internat SEG Mtg, 2002,2281-2284
17 程玖兵,马在田,王成礼.地震成像的广义空间分辨率 [A].北京,CPS／SEG国际地球物理会议,2004
18 秦政.石油地球物理勘探(下册)[M].北京:石油工业 出版社,1987.60-65
19 Sheriff R E.几种地震分辨率[A].见:Berg O R编,袁 秉衡译.地震地层学续篇--油气勘探中的一种综合 研究方法[C],北京:石油工业出版社,1992.1-11
20 徐怀大,王世凤,陈开远.地震地层学解释基础[M].北 京:中国地质大学出版社,1990.83-97
21 杨宝俊,牛滨华,闫贫.勘探地震学导论[M].长春:吉 林科学技术出版社,1992.75-137
22 俞寿朋.高分辨率地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版 社,1993.1-34
23 李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路--高分辨率地震勘探 系统工程剖析[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.12- 30
24 王赟,邢春颍.地震资料处理解释的分辨机理初探[J]. 煤炭学报,2001,26(1):35-39
25 钱绍瑚,刘来祥.零相位子波的垂向分辨率[J].石油 物探,1988,27(3):1-9
2 Widess M A. How thin is a thin bed? [J]. Geophysics, 1973, 38(8) :1176-1254
3 Sheriff R E. Limitations on resolution of seismic reflection and geologic detail derivable from them[J]. AAPG Memoir 26,1977,3-14
4 Denham L R,Sheriff R E. What is horizontal resolution?[J]. Expanded Abstract of 50th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1980 Session G17
5 Kallweit R S,Wood L C. The limits of resolution of zero-phase wavelets[J]. Geophysics, 1982,47 (7):1035 -1046
6 Widess M B. Quantifying resolution power of seismic systems[J]. Geophysics, 1982, 47(8):1160-1173
7 Sheriff R E,Geldart L P. Exploration Seismology[M]. Camtridge:Cambridge University Press,1982. 152-155
8 Beylkin G,Oristaglio M,Miller D. Spatial resolution of migration algorithms[J]. Proceeding of 14th International Symposium on Accoustical Imaging, 1985,155-167
9 Wu R S,Toksoz M N. Diffraction tomography and mul-tisource holography applied to seismic imaging[J]. Geophysics, 1987, 52(1): 11-25
10 Safar M H. On the lateral resolution achieved by Kirchhoff migration [J]. Geophysics, 1985, 50 ( 8): 1091-1099
11 Vermeer G J O. Factors affecting spatial resolution [J]. The Leading Edge, 1998, 17(10):1025-1030
12 Knapp R W. Vertical resolution of thick beds, thin beds, and bed cyclothems[J], Geophysics, 1990, 55 (9):1183-1190
13 von Seggern D. Spatial resolution of acoustic imaging with the Born approximation[J]. Geophysics, 1991,56 (9):1185-1202
14 von Seggern D. Depth-imaging resolution of 3-D seis-mic recording patterns[J]. Geophysics, 1994, 59(5): 564-576
15 Chen J, Schuster G T. Resolution limits of migrated images[J] Geophysics, 1999,64(8): 1046-1053
16 Ma Zaitian,Jin Shengwen,Chen Jiubin,et al. Quantitative estimation of seismic imaging resolution[J], Expanded Abstract of 72nd Annual Internat SEG Mtg, 2002,2281-2284
17 程玖兵,马在田,王成礼.地震成像的广义空间分辨率 [A].北京,CPS／SEG国际地球物理会议,2004
18 秦政.石油地球物理勘探(下册)[M].北京:石油工业 出版社,1987.60-65
19 Sheriff R E.几种地震分辨率[A].见:Berg O R编,袁 秉衡译.地震地层学续篇--油气勘探中的一种综合 研究方法[C],北京:石油工业出版社,1992.1-11
20 徐怀大,王世凤,陈开远.地震地层学解释基础[M].北 京:中国地质大学出版社,1990.83-97
21 杨宝俊,牛滨华,闫贫.勘探地震学导论[M].长春:吉 林科学技术出版社,1992.75-137
22 俞寿朋.高分辨率地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版 社,1993.1-34
23 李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路--高分辨率地震勘探 系统工程剖析[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.12- 30
24 王赟,邢春颍.地震资料处理解释的分辨机理初探[J]. 煤炭学报,2001,26(1):35-39
25 钱绍瑚,刘来祥.零相位子波的垂向分辨率[J].石油 物探,1988,27(3):1-9
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