相关参数时移地震互均衡质量监控方法
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摘要
文章提出了一种时移地震非一致分析和互均衡质量监控的新方法。通过理论公式分析表明,地震道的相关函数能反映地震数据序列所包含的地震子波的波形、相位和时间延迟量等因素。将含有时间、振幅、相位、频率差异的不同时间合成地震记录变换到相关函数域,计算基测线的自相关函数和基测线与监测测线的互相关函数,结果表明相关函数的波形特征能单独表示四方面的差异。因此提出通过提取相关属性参数,包括主极值对应的时间延迟、能量的平均值、相位因子与频率因子,将不同时间地震资料在时间、振幅、相位、频率上的差异分离开,从而为互均衡处理流程设计与精细匹配处理提供指导,同时也能分析互均衡处理后的地震资料的横向一致性,起到质量监控的作用。
The paper proposed a new method for time-lapse seismic non-repeatability analysis and quality control for cross-equalization processing. It was shown that correlation function is related with the wavelet waveform, phase, and time delay in seismic record through theoretical derivation. The synthetic seismic records at different times, which contain different time, amplitude, phase, and frequency properties, are transformed to correlation function domain, and the auto-correlation of the base line and cross-correlation between the base line and monitoring line are computed. It can be concluded that the waveform characteristics of the correlation function can indicate the four differences of seismic record individually. So the paper put forward that four correlation parameters, including time delay of maximum, average energy, phase factor, and frequency factor, can be extracted to characterize and separate the differences of the time, amplitude, frequency, and the phase contained in seismic records at different times. This method can not only be used for guiding the flow design of cross-equalization processing and determining the future processing strategy in time-lapse seismic, but also be used for the lateral repeatability analysis of the seismic data after cross-equalization processing, and quality control of cross-equalization processing of time-lapse seismic.
The paper proposed a new method for time-lapse seismic non-repeatability analysis and quality control for cross-equalization processing. It was shown that correlation function is related with the wavelet waveform, phase, and time delay in seismic record through theoretical derivation. The synthetic seismic records at different times, which contain different time, amplitude, phase, and frequency properties, are transformed to correlation function domain, and the auto-correlation of the base line and cross-correlation between the base line and monitoring line are computed. It can be concluded that the waveform characteristics of the correlation function can indicate the four differences of seismic record individually. So the paper put forward that four correlation parameters, including time delay of maximum, average energy, phase factor, and frequency factor, can be extracted to characterize and separate the differences of the time, amplitude, frequency, and the phase contained in seismic records at different times. This method can not only be used for guiding the flow design of cross-equalization processing and determining the future processing strategy in time-lapse seismic, but also be used for the lateral repeatability analysis of the seismic data after cross-equalization processing, and quality control of cross-equalization processing of time-lapse seismic.
引文
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2 ThomasNB.Correctingamplitude,time,andphasemis ties inseismicdata.Geophysics,1994;59(6):946-953
3 RossCP.Insidethecorssequalizationblackbox.Leading Edge,1996;12:1233-1239
4 陈小宏.四维地震数据的归一化方法及实例处理.石油学报,1999;20(3):22～26
5 KraghED,PhilChristie.Seismicrepeatability,normalized rms,andpredictability.TLE,2002;(7):640-646
6 蔡希玲,陈义景,刘树田.自相关参数统计分析法———一种地震数据处理中的有效的分析工具.信号处理,2000;16(增刊):63～69
7 高少武,周兴元,蔡希玲,赵波.互相关特征参数分析法———一种叠前地震数据处理中有效的分析工具.石油物探,2003;3:9～15
8 李庆忠.走向精确勘探道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1993
9 孙鹏远,孙建国,卢秀丽.PP波AVO多属性交绘图分析.天然气工业,2004;(2):44～47
10 杨春梅,梁春生.多次波衰减技术的应用研究.天然气工业,2004;(5):48～50
2 ThomasNB.Correctingamplitude,time,andphasemis ties inseismicdata.Geophysics,1994;59(6):946-953
3 RossCP.Insidethecorssequalizationblackbox.Leading Edge,1996;12:1233-1239
4 陈小宏.四维地震数据的归一化方法及实例处理.石油学报,1999;20(3):22～26
5 KraghED,PhilChristie.Seismicrepeatability,normalized rms,andpredictability.TLE,2002;(7):640-646
6 蔡希玲,陈义景,刘树田.自相关参数统计分析法———一种地震数据处理中的有效的分析工具.信号处理,2000;16(增刊):63～69
7 高少武,周兴元,蔡希玲,赵波.互相关特征参数分析法———一种叠前地震数据处理中有效的分析工具.石油物探,2003;3:9～15
8 李庆忠.走向精确勘探道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1993
9 孙鹏远,孙建国,卢秀丽.PP波AVO多属性交绘图分析.天然气工业,2004;(2):44～47
10 杨春梅,梁春生.多次波衰减技术的应用研究.天然气工业,2004;(5):48～50
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