近断层地震动加速度峰值衰减规律的研究
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摘要
提出了近断层地面运动的衰减模型,对全球范围内6.0≤MW≤7.6且震源深度均小于20km的636条地震动加速度峰值进行了统计分析,确定了本文研究的近断层区域为断层距25km,利用此范围内的440条记录进行了近断层加速度衰减规律的研究。水平地震记录分为硬土和软土两种场地类型,竖向地震记录只考虑土层场地,利用最小二乘法进行数据拟合分析,得到PGA随断层距和震源深度变化在不同震级处形成的衰减曲面,分析了近断层处水平、竖向的PGA以及竖向与水平PGA之比(V/H)的衰减规律。
A new near-fault attenuation model is proposed.A worldwide database consisting of 636 strong-motion records from earthquakes with Mw=6.0～7.6 and depth≤20km is formed. After mean statistics of these records, we think that the characteristics of near-fault ground motion are notable when the distance to fault is less than 25km. Using these 440 records (fault distance not larger than 25km) from 22 earthquakes, near-fault attenuation characteristics of horizontal and vertical peak ground acceleration are studied. Horizontal data are grouped into stiff soil and soft soil site and vertical data are only regarded to soil site. The parameters are calculated by least square method. For a magnitude, PGA attenuation curve surface is drawn in 3d coordinate axis. Near-fault peak horizontal and vertical ground accelerations and V/H attenuation relationship are studied.
A new near-fault attenuation model is proposed.A worldwide database consisting of 636 strong-motion records from earthquakes with Mw=6.0～7.6 and depth≤20km is formed. After mean statistics of these records, we think that the characteristics of near-fault ground motion are notable when the distance to fault is less than 25km. Using these 440 records (fault distance not larger than 25km) from 22 earthquakes, near-fault attenuation characteristics of horizontal and vertical peak ground acceleration are studied. Horizontal data are grouped into stiff soil and soft soil site and vertical data are only regarded to soil site. The parameters are calculated by least square method. For a magnitude, PGA attenuation curve surface is drawn in 3d coordinate axis. Near-fault peak horizontal and vertical ground accelerations and V/H attenuation relationship are studied.
引文
[1] AbrahamsonNA,LitehiserJJ.Attenuationofverticalpeakacceleration[J].BulletinoftheSeismologicalSocietyofAmerica,1989,79(3):549～580.
[2] AmbraseysNN,BommerJJ.TheattenuationofgroundaccelerationinEurope[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,1991,20(12):1179～1202.
[3] AmbraseysNN,JDouglas.Near fieldhorizontalandverticalearthquakegroundmotions[J].SoilDynamicsandEarthquakeEngineering,23(2003):1～18.
[4] AtkinsonGM,BooreD.M.Somecomparisonsbetweenrecentground motionrelations[J].SeismologicalResearchLetters,1997,68(1):24～40.
[5] BooreDM,JoynerWB,FumalTE.EquationsforestimatinghorizontalresponsespectraandpeakaccelerationfromWesternNorthAmericanearthquakes:Asummaryofrecentwork[J].SeismologicalResearchLetters,1997,68(1):128～153.
[6] CampbellKW.Near sourceattenuationofpeakhorizontalacceleration[J].BulletinoftheSeismologicalSocietyofAmerica,1981,71,(6):2039～2070.
[7] CampbellKW.Thedependenceofpeakhorizontalaccelerationonmagnitude,distance,andsiteeffectsforsmall magnitudeearthquakesinCaliforniaandeasternnorthAmerica[J].BulletinoftheSeismologicalSocietyofAmerica,1989,79(5):1311～1346.
[8] CampbellKW.Empiricalnear sourceattenuationsforhorizontalandverticalcomponentsofpeakgroundacceleration,peakgroundvelocity,andpseudoabsoluteaccelerationresponsespectra[J].SeismologicalResearchLetters,1997,68(1):154～179.
[9] ChungCheChou,ChiaMingUang.Anevaluationofseismicenergydemand:Anattenuationapproach[R].PEERReport2000.
[10] CousinsWJ,ZhaoJX,PerrinND.AmodelfortheattenuationofpeakgroundaccelerationinNewZealandearthquakesbasedonseismographandaccelerographdata[J].BulletinoftheNewZealandSocietyforEarthquakeEngineering,1999,32(4):193～220.
[11] DouglasJ.Earthquakegroundmotionestimationusingstrong motionrecords:areviewofequationsfortheestimationofpeakgroundaccelerationandresponsespectralordinates[J].Earth ScienceReviews,2003,61:43～104.
[12] WangGQ,ZhouXY,ZhangPZ.Characteristicsofamplitudeanddurationfornearfaultstronggroundmotionfromthe1999Chi Chi,TaiwanEarthquake[J].SoilDynamicsandEarthquakeEngineering,2002,22:73～96.
[13] JoynerWB,BooreDM.Peakhorizontalaccelerationandvelocityfromstrong motionrecordsincludingrecordsfromthe1979ImperialValley,California,earthquake[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1981,71,(6):2011～2038.
[14] SomervillePG,SmithNF,GravesRW,etal.Modificationsofempiricalstronggroundmotionattenuationrelationstoincludetheamplitudeanddurationeffectsofrupturedirectivity[J].SeismologicalResearchLetters,1997,68(1):199～222.
[15] TsuiYuChang,FabriceCotton,JacquesAngelier.SeismicattenuationandpeakgroundaccelerationinTaiwan[J].BulletinoftheSeismologicalSocietyofAmerica,2000,91,(5):1229～1246.
[16] 陈培善.震源参数之间的定量关系[J].地震学报.1991,13(4):401～411.
[17] 胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社.1988.
[18] 霍俊荣.近场强地面运动衰减规律的研究[D].哈尔滨:国家地震局工程力学研究所博士学位论文.1989.
[19] 李保昆,陈培善.强地面运动衰减的经验关系综述[J].国际地震动态.1996,(7):1～7.
[20] 李小军.对近年大震震害现象与工程地震问题研究的思考[J].国际地震动态.2001,(8):26～32.
[21] 王国权.921台湾集集地震近断层地面运动特征[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局地质研究所博士学位论文.2001.
[22] 周正华,周雍年,卢滔,等.竖向地震动特征研究[J].地震工程与工程振动.2003,23(3):25～29.
[2] AmbraseysNN,BommerJJ.TheattenuationofgroundaccelerationinEurope[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,1991,20(12):1179～1202.
[3] AmbraseysNN,JDouglas.Near fieldhorizontalandverticalearthquakegroundmotions[J].SoilDynamicsandEarthquakeEngineering,23(2003):1～18.
[4] AtkinsonGM,BooreD.M.Somecomparisonsbetweenrecentground motionrelations[J].SeismologicalResearchLetters,1997,68(1):24～40.
[5] BooreDM,JoynerWB,FumalTE.EquationsforestimatinghorizontalresponsespectraandpeakaccelerationfromWesternNorthAmericanearthquakes:Asummaryofrecentwork[J].SeismologicalResearchLetters,1997,68(1):128～153.
[6] CampbellKW.Near sourceattenuationofpeakhorizontalacceleration[J].BulletinoftheSeismologicalSocietyofAmerica,1981,71,(6):2039～2070.
[7] CampbellKW.Thedependenceofpeakhorizontalaccelerationonmagnitude,distance,andsiteeffectsforsmall magnitudeearthquakesinCaliforniaandeasternnorthAmerica[J].BulletinoftheSeismologicalSocietyofAmerica,1989,79(5):1311～1346.
[8] CampbellKW.Empiricalnear sourceattenuationsforhorizontalandverticalcomponentsofpeakgroundacceleration,peakgroundvelocity,andpseudoabsoluteaccelerationresponsespectra[J].SeismologicalResearchLetters,1997,68(1):154～179.
[9] ChungCheChou,ChiaMingUang.Anevaluationofseismicenergydemand:Anattenuationapproach[R].PEERReport2000.
[10] CousinsWJ,ZhaoJX,PerrinND.AmodelfortheattenuationofpeakgroundaccelerationinNewZealandearthquakesbasedonseismographandaccelerographdata[J].BulletinoftheNewZealandSocietyforEarthquakeEngineering,1999,32(4):193～220.
[11] DouglasJ.Earthquakegroundmotionestimationusingstrong motionrecords:areviewofequationsfortheestimationofpeakgroundaccelerationandresponsespectralordinates[J].Earth ScienceReviews,2003,61:43～104.
[12] WangGQ,ZhouXY,ZhangPZ.Characteristicsofamplitudeanddurationfornearfaultstronggroundmotionfromthe1999Chi Chi,TaiwanEarthquake[J].SoilDynamicsandEarthquakeEngineering,2002,22:73～96.
[13] JoynerWB,BooreDM.Peakhorizontalaccelerationandvelocityfromstrong motionrecordsincludingrecordsfromthe1979ImperialValley,California,earthquake[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1981,71,(6):2011～2038.
[14] SomervillePG,SmithNF,GravesRW,etal.Modificationsofempiricalstronggroundmotionattenuationrelationstoincludetheamplitudeanddurationeffectsofrupturedirectivity[J].SeismologicalResearchLetters,1997,68(1):199～222.
[15] TsuiYuChang,FabriceCotton,JacquesAngelier.SeismicattenuationandpeakgroundaccelerationinTaiwan[J].BulletinoftheSeismologicalSocietyofAmerica,2000,91,(5):1229～1246.
[16] 陈培善.震源参数之间的定量关系[J].地震学报.1991,13(4):401～411.
[17] 胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社.1988.
[18] 霍俊荣.近场强地面运动衰减规律的研究[D].哈尔滨:国家地震局工程力学研究所博士学位论文.1989.
[19] 李保昆,陈培善.强地面运动衰减的经验关系综述[J].国际地震动态.1996,(7):1～7.
[20] 李小军.对近年大震震害现象与工程地震问题研究的思考[J].国际地震动态.2001,(8):26～32.
[21] 王国权.921台湾集集地震近断层地面运动特征[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局地质研究所博士学位论文.2001.
[22] 周正华,周雍年,卢滔,等.竖向地震动特征研究[J].地震工程与工程振动.2003,23(3):25～29.
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