2008年汶川地震相关堆积物的细颗粒石英光释光测年研究
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摘要
现代强震相关堆积物的释光测年研究有助于理解古地震相关沉积物释光测年的地质意义,提高古地震测年的精度和准确度,更好地认识大地震发生的规律。文中选择了若干典型的2008年汶川大地震的相关堰塞湖堆积物、泄洪堆积物和喷砂堆积物,进行了细颗粒石英光释光测年研究。结果表明,这些地震相关沉积物中的细颗粒石英灵敏度较高,但释光信号并未完全归零,等效剂量残留值有的可高达10Gy,这对百年或千年尺度复发周期地震事件的释光测年影响较大,但对万年至10万年尺度的地质事件测年影响可以忽略不计。地震前古地面附近沉积物样品细颗粒石英的光晒退程度较好,其等效剂量仅0.2Gy,因此应尽量采集古地面附近的样品来限定古地震事件发生的时间。
The research of optical dating about modern strong earthquake sediments will be useful for understanding geological significance of paleoearthquake related sediments,improving dating precision and accuracy,and better understanding the law of earthquake occurrence.This article chooses some typical sediments related with 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,such as dammed lake deposits,floodwater deposits and ejected sands,to do optical dating of fine-grained quartz.Preliminary results from optical dating of fine-grained quartz extracted from 11 samples suggest that fine-grained quartz is sensitive and De values obtained from the three sections indicate residual De up to 10Gy.Caution should be taken for optical dating of sediments related to paleoearthquake with a recurrence interval of hundreds or thousands of years,but the effect can be neglected for the paleoearthquake with a recurrence interval of ten thousands or hundred thousands of years.Residual De values less than 0.2Gy are observed in two samples collected from pre-earthquake surface.Therefore,we should collect samples on pre-earthquake surface to limit the event time.
The research of optical dating about modern strong earthquake sediments will be useful for understanding geological significance of paleoearthquake related sediments,improving dating precision and accuracy,and better understanding the law of earthquake occurrence.This article chooses some typical sediments related with 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,such as dammed lake deposits,floodwater deposits and ejected sands,to do optical dating of fine-grained quartz.Preliminary results from optical dating of fine-grained quartz extracted from 11 samples suggest that fine-grained quartz is sensitive and De values obtained from the three sections indicate residual De up to 10Gy.Caution should be taken for optical dating of sediments related to paleoearthquake with a recurrence interval of hundreds or thousands of years,but the effect can be neglected for the paleoearthquake with a recurrence interval of ten thousands or hundred thousands of years.Residual De values less than 0.2Gy are observed in two samples collected from pre-earthquake surface.Therefore,we should collect samples on pre-earthquake surface to limit the event time.
引文
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Murray A S and Wintle A G.2003.The single aliquot regenerative dose protocol:Potential for improvements in reliability[J].Radiation Measurements,37:377—381.
Porat N,Amit R,Zilberman E,et al.1997.Luminescence dating of fault-related alluvial fan sediments in the SouthernArava Valley,Israel[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,16:397—402.
Porat N,Levi T,Weinberger R.2007.Possible resetting of quartz OSL signals during earthquakes-Evidence from latePleistocene injection dikes,Dead Sea Basin,Israel[J].Quaternary Geochronology,2:272—277.
Rhodes E J and Pownall L.1994.Zeroing of the signal in quartz from young glaciofuvial sediments[J].Radiation Measurements,23:581—585.
Rhodes E J.2000.Observations of thermal transfer OSL signals in glacigenic quartz[J].Radiation Measurements,32:595—602.
Rittenour T M.2008.Luminescence dating of fluvial deposits:Applications to geomorphic,palaeoseismic and archaeological research[J].Boreas,37:613—635.doi:10.1111/j.1502-3885.2008.00056.x.ISSN0300—9483.
Singarayer J S,Bailey R M.2004.Component-resolved bleaching spectra of quartz optically stimulated luminescence:Preliminary results and implications for dating[J].Radiation Measurements,38:111—118.
Spooner N A.1994.The anomalous fading of infrared-stimulated luminescence from feldspars[J].Radiation Measurements,23:625—632.
Stokes S.1992.Optical dating of young(modern)sediments using quartz:Results from a selection of depositional environments[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,11:153—159.
Stokes S,Bray H E,Blum M D.2001.Optical resetting in large drainage basins:Tests of zeroing assumptions using single-aliquot procedures[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,20:879—885.
Thomas P J,Reddy D V,Kumar D,et al.2007.Optical dating of liquefaction features to constrain prehistoric earthquakes in Upper Assam,NE India—Some preliminary results[J].Quaternary Geochronology,2:278—283.
Wintle A G,Li S H,Botha G A.1993.Luminescence dating of colluvial deposition from Natal,South Africa[J].Suidafrikaanse Tydskrif vir Wetenskap,89:77—82.
Wintle A G,Murray A S.2006.A review of quartz optically stimulated luminescence characteristics and their relevancein single aliquot regeneration dating protocols[J].Radiation Measurements,41:369—391.
王旭龙,卢演俦,李晓妮.2005.细颗粒石英光释光测年:简单多片再生法[J].地震地质,27(4):615—623.WANG Xu-long,LU Yan-chou,LI Xiao-ni.2005.Luminescence dating of fine-grained quartz in Chinese loess:Simplified Multiple Aliquot Regenerative-dose(MAR)protocol[J].Seismology and Geology,27(4):615—623(in Chinese).
杨会丽,陈杰,冉勇康,等.2011.汶川8.0级地震小鱼洞地表破裂带古地震事件的光释光测年[J].地震地质,33(2):402—412.YANG Hui-li,CHEN jie,RAN Yong-kang,et al.2011.Optical dating of paleoearthquake similar to the12May Wenchuan earthquake,at Xiaoyudong surface ruptures zone[J].Seismology and Geology,33(2):402—412(in Chinese).
Aitken M J.1998.An Introduction to Optical Dating[M].Oxford University Press,Oxford.39—50.
Banerjee D,Murry A S,Foster I D L.2001.Scilly Isles,UK:Optical dating of a possible tsunami deposit from the1755Lisbon earthquake[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,20:715—718.
Berger G W.1990.Effectiveness of nature zeroing of the thermoluminescence in sediments[J].Journal of GeophyscialResearch,95(B8):12375—12397.
Chen Y G,Chen Y W,Chen W S,et al.2006.Preliminary results of long-term slip rates of1999earthquake fault by luminescence and radiocarbon dating[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,22:1213—1221.
Duller G A T,Wintle A Gl.2003.Distinguishing quartz and feldspar in single grain luminescence measurements[J].Radiation Measurements,37:161—165.
Fattahi M.2009.Dating past earthquakes and related sediments by thermoluminescence methods:a review[J].Quaternary International,199:104—146.
Jia-fu Zhang,Wei-li Qiu,Xiao-qing Wang,et al.2010.Optical dating of a hyperconcentrated flow deposit on a YellowRiver terrace in Hukou,Shaanxi,China[J].Quaternary Geochronology,5(2—3):194—199.
Jain M,Thomsena K J,Btter-Jensen L,Murray A S.2004.Thermal transfer and apparent-dose distributions in poorlybleached mortar samples:Results from single grains and small aliquots of quartz[J].Radiation Measurements,38:101—109.
Liu J F,Chen J,Yin J H,et al.2010.OSL and AMS14C dating of the penultimate earthquake at the Leigu trench alongthe Beichuan Fault,Longmenshan,in the northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Bulletin of the SeismologicalSociety of America,100(5B).doi:10.1785/0120090297.
Lu Y C,Prescott J R,Zhao H,et al.2002.Optical dating of colluvial deposits from Xiyangfang,China and the relation topaleaoearthquake events[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,21:1083—1097.
Lu Y C,Wang X L,Wintle A G.2007.A new OSL chronology for dust accumulation in the last130,000yr for the Chinese Loess Plateau[J].Quaternary Research,67:152—160.
Murray A S,Olley J M.2002.Precision and accuracy in the optically stimulated luminescence dating of sedimentaryquartz:A status review[J].Geochronometria,21:1—16.
Murray A S and Wintle A G.2003.The single aliquot regenerative dose protocol:Potential for improvements in reliability[J].Radiation Measurements,37:377—381.
Porat N,Amit R,Zilberman E,et al.1997.Luminescence dating of fault-related alluvial fan sediments in the SouthernArava Valley,Israel[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,16:397—402.
Porat N,Levi T,Weinberger R.2007.Possible resetting of quartz OSL signals during earthquakes-Evidence from latePleistocene injection dikes,Dead Sea Basin,Israel[J].Quaternary Geochronology,2:272—277.
Rhodes E J and Pownall L.1994.Zeroing of the signal in quartz from young glaciofuvial sediments[J].Radiation Measurements,23:581—585.
Rhodes E J.2000.Observations of thermal transfer OSL signals in glacigenic quartz[J].Radiation Measurements,32:595—602.
Rittenour T M.2008.Luminescence dating of fluvial deposits:Applications to geomorphic,palaeoseismic and archaeological research[J].Boreas,37:613—635.doi:10.1111/j.1502-3885.2008.00056.x.ISSN0300—9483.
Singarayer J S,Bailey R M.2004.Component-resolved bleaching spectra of quartz optically stimulated luminescence:Preliminary results and implications for dating[J].Radiation Measurements,38:111—118.
Spooner N A.1994.The anomalous fading of infrared-stimulated luminescence from feldspars[J].Radiation Measurements,23:625—632.
Stokes S.1992.Optical dating of young(modern)sediments using quartz:Results from a selection of depositional environments[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,11:153—159.
Stokes S,Bray H E,Blum M D.2001.Optical resetting in large drainage basins:Tests of zeroing assumptions using single-aliquot procedures[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,20:879—885.
Thomas P J,Reddy D V,Kumar D,et al.2007.Optical dating of liquefaction features to constrain prehistoric earthquakes in Upper Assam,NE India—Some preliminary results[J].Quaternary Geochronology,2:278—283.
Wintle A G,Li S H,Botha G A.1993.Luminescence dating of colluvial deposition from Natal,South Africa[J].Suidafrikaanse Tydskrif vir Wetenskap,89:77—82.
Wintle A G,Murray A S.2006.A review of quartz optically stimulated luminescence characteristics and their relevancein single aliquot regeneration dating protocols[J].Radiation Measurements,41:369—391.
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