地震相干体技术识别低序级断层方法研究
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摘要
正确识别低序级断层对于复杂断块油藏的勘探开发有着重要的意义,低序级断层与高序级断层在成因上没有明显区别。本文在介绍地震相干原理的基础上,提出了优化的、抗干扰能力强的相干系数法,分析和总结了相关计算时窗、倾角搜索时窗、相邻计算道数等参数对相干体计算结果的影响,在曲堤油田的实际应用中,识别了一系列正断层和正滑断层成因类型的低序级断层,使得该区的构造刻划更为细致。
Correct identification of the low level faults is helpful for the exploration and development of oil and gas in complicate fault-block reservoirs.Low level faults have the same cause as high level faults.Based on the seismic coherence principle,the authors proposed the coherence algorithm with optimizing and robust to noise,and analyzed several parameters with the influence on the seismic coherence cube calculating result including correlation calculating time window,dip angle searching time window,adjacent calculating trace number,etc.A series of low-level faults were identified as downthrowing faults or slide faults in the practical application of Qudi Oilfield,which makes the structures in the studied area be depicted thoroughly.
Correct identification of the low level faults is helpful for the exploration and development of oil and gas in complicate fault-block reservoirs.Low level faults have the same cause as high level faults.Based on the seismic coherence principle,the authors proposed the coherence algorithm with optimizing and robust to noise,and analyzed several parameters with the influence on the seismic coherence cube calculating result including correlation calculating time window,dip angle searching time window,adjacent calculating trace number,etc.A series of low-level faults were identified as downthrowing faults or slide faults in the practical application of Qudi Oilfield,which makes the structures in the studied area be depicted thoroughly.
引文
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[9]Bahorich M S,Farmer S L.3-D seismic coherency forfaults and stratigraphic features[J].The Leading Edge,1995,14(10):1053-1058.
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[11]石玉梅,刘天放,谢桂生.一种断层解释的新方法—双相干相关法[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(2):117-121.SHI Yu-mei,LIU Tian-fang,XIE Gui-sheng.Faultdetection and throw estimation by bicoherence-correla-tion method[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2000,25(2):117-121.
[12]张金淼,王春红.相干技术在全三维地震解释中的应用[J].中国海上油气(地质),2000,14(4):277-282.ZHANG Jin-miao,WANG Chun-hong.An applicationof coherence technique in full 3D seismic interpretation[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2000,14(4):277-282.
[13]隋淑玲,赵开连.断裂构造在油气成藏中的作用—以济阳拗陷曲堤油田为例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6):666-670.SUI Shu-ling,ZHAO Kai-lian.Role of faulted structurein oil-gas accumulation case of Qudi Oilfield,Jiyang de-pression[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,38(6):666-670.
[2]付雷,田晓东,闫庆学.相干体技术在三维地震资料中的应用[J].世界地质,2000,19(3):279-281.FU Lei,TIAN Xiao-dong,YAN Qing-xue.The tech-nique of the coherence cube in 3-D seismic data[J].World Geology,2000,19(3):279-281.
[3]侯伯刚,乌达巴拉,杨再沿.地震相干体技术简介及其应用[J].现代地质,1999,13(1):121-124.HOU Bo-gang,WUDA Bala,YANG Zai-yan.Seismiccoherence cube technology and its application[J].Geo-science,1999,13(1):121-124.
[4]李玉新.地震相干技术在断层与沉积相解释中的应用[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2006,26(3):67-71.LI Yu-xin.The application of the seismic coherence tech-nique to the interpretation of faults and sedimentary faciesin the Shengli Oilfield[J].Sedimentary Geology andTethyan Geology,2006,26(3):67-71.
[5]陈剑光,唐之宏.相干技术在地震构造解释中的应用[J].南方油气,2005,18(4):37-39.CHEN Jian-guang,TANG Zhi-hong.Application of co-herence technique in seismic structural interpretation[J].Southern China Oil&Gas,2005,18(4):37-39.
[6]杨海波,刘晋威,张立国.汤原断陷断裂构造特征及油气成藏特点[J].世界地质,2006,25(3):275-281.YANG Hai-bo,LIU Jin-wei,ZHANG Li-guo.Faultstructural features in Tangyuan depression and its oil andgas accumulation[J].Global Geology,2006,25(3):275-281.
[7]佘德平,曹辉,王咸彬.相干数据体及其在三维地震解释中的应用[J].石油物探,1998,37(4):75-79.SHE De-ping,CAO Hui,WANG Xian-bin.Coherencecube with application to 3-D seismic interpretation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1998,37(4):75-79.
[8]Kurt J,Marfurtr L,Lynn K,et al.3-D seismic at-tributes using a semblance-based coherency algorithm[J].Geophysics,1998,63(4):1150-1165.
[9]Bahorich M S,Farmer S L.3-D seismic coherency forfaults and stratigraphic features[J].The Leading Edge,1995,14(10):1053-1058.
[10]Mondt J C.The use of dip and azimuth horizon at-tributes in 3-D seismic interpretation[J].SPE,1990,209(43):71-77.
[11]石玉梅,刘天放,谢桂生.一种断层解释的新方法—双相干相关法[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(2):117-121.SHI Yu-mei,LIU Tian-fang,XIE Gui-sheng.Faultdetection and throw estimation by bicoherence-correla-tion method[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2000,25(2):117-121.
[12]张金淼,王春红.相干技术在全三维地震解释中的应用[J].中国海上油气(地质),2000,14(4):277-282.ZHANG Jin-miao,WANG Chun-hong.An applicationof coherence technique in full 3D seismic interpretation[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2000,14(4):277-282.
[13]隋淑玲,赵开连.断裂构造在油气成藏中的作用—以济阳拗陷曲堤油田为例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6):666-670.SUI Shu-ling,ZHAO Kai-lian.Role of faulted structurein oil-gas accumulation case of Qudi Oilfield,Jiyang de-pression[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,38(6):666-670.
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