汶川8.0级地震近场流体的同震响应与震后效应机理的数值模拟研究
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摘要
2008年汶川8.0级地震引起大范围流体观测同震和震后显著响应,本文通过对流体观测数据进行分析,确定了此次地震显著近场流体观测变化的台站。基于汶川8.0级地震永久形变引起的孔隙压力变化理论计算,讨论近场流体观测同震和震后变化的物理机制。为探讨强震引起的同震和震后流体影响空间特征,分别计算了不同机制类型不同震级所对应的流体响应,以期确定流体近场效应的空间特征,为强震同震和震后流体观测机理分析提供了有意义的参考。
The 2008 Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake caused a wide range of notable co-seismic and post-earthquake responses in fluid observation.We find the stations with notable change of near-field fluid observation by analysis of the data.Based on theoretical calculations of pore pressure changes caused by perpetual deformation with the earthquake,we discuss the physical mechanism of notable coseismic and post-earthquake changes in fluid observation.Then,in order to investigate the special characteristics of fluid effects caused by strong earthquakes,we separately calculate fluid response with different faulting styles and different magnitudes.It is expected that calculated near-field fluid effects can provide meaningful reference for mechanism analysis of fluid observation.
The 2008 Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake caused a wide range of notable co-seismic and post-earthquake responses in fluid observation.We find the stations with notable change of near-field fluid observation by analysis of the data.Based on theoretical calculations of pore pressure changes caused by perpetual deformation with the earthquake,we discuss the physical mechanism of notable coseismic and post-earthquake changes in fluid observation.Then,in order to investigate the special characteristics of fluid effects caused by strong earthquakes,we separately calculate fluid response with different faulting styles and different magnitudes.It is expected that calculated near-field fluid effects can provide meaningful reference for mechanism analysis of fluid observation.
引文
[1]中国地震局监测预报司组织汇编.汶川8.0级地震科学研究报告[M].北京地震出版社,2009.
[2]中国地震局监测预报司编.2004年印度尼西亚苏门答腊8.7级大地震及其对中国大陆地区的影响[M].北京:地震出版社,2005.259-260.
[3]Wakita H.Water Wells as Possible Indicators of Tectonic Strain[J].Science,1975,189:553-555.
[4]Roeloffs E A.Poroelastic techniques in the study of earthquake related hydrologic phenomena[J].Adv Geophys,1996,37:135-195.
[5]Min Lee,Tsung-Kwei Liu,Kuo-Fong Ma,et al.Coseismic hydrological changes associated withdislocation of the September 21,1999Chichi earthquake,Taiwan[M].Geophysical Research Let-ters29,2003.
[6]Sigurjon Jonsson,Paul Segall,Rikke Pedersen,et al.Post-earthquake ground movements correlatedto pore-pressure transients[J].Nature,2003,424:179-183.
[7]Rongjiang Wang,Heiko Woith,Claus Milkereit,et al.Modelling of hydrogeochemical anomalies in-duced by distant earthquakes Geophys[J]J Int,2004,157:17-72.
[8]徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):597-629.
[9]黄媛,吴建平,张天中,等.汶川8.0级大地震及其余震序列重定位研究[J].中国科学(D辑),2008,38(10):1 242-1 249.
[10]王卫民,赵连锋,李娟,等.四川汶川8.0级地震震源过程[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1 403-1 410.
[11]李勇,周荣军,董顺利,等.汶川地震的地表破裂与逆冲走滑作用[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,35(4):404-413.
[12]Massimo Cocco,James R Rice.Pore pressure and poroelasticity effects in Coulomb stress analysis ofearthquake interactions[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2002.107:1 127-1 139
[13]Detournay E,Cheng A H D.“Fundamentals of poroelasticity”,Chapter 5in Comprehensive RockEngineering:Principles,Practice and Projects,Vol.Ⅱ,Analysis and Design Method[M].ed.C.Fairhurst,Pergamon Press,1993.113-171.
[14]Fu G Y,Sun W K.Effects of spatial distribution of fault slip on calculating coseismic displacement:Case studies of the Chi-Chi earthquake(MW7.6)and the Kunlun earthquake(MW7.8)[J].GeophysRes Let,2004,31:1 130-1 141.
[15]Bonafede M,Parenti B,Rivata E.On strike-slip faulting in layered media[J].Geophys J Int,2002,149:698-723.
[16]Wells D L,Coppersmith K J.New empirical Relationships among magnitude,rupture length,rup-ture width,rupture area,and surface displacement[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,1994,84:974-1 002.
[2]中国地震局监测预报司编.2004年印度尼西亚苏门答腊8.7级大地震及其对中国大陆地区的影响[M].北京:地震出版社,2005.259-260.
[3]Wakita H.Water Wells as Possible Indicators of Tectonic Strain[J].Science,1975,189:553-555.
[4]Roeloffs E A.Poroelastic techniques in the study of earthquake related hydrologic phenomena[J].Adv Geophys,1996,37:135-195.
[5]Min Lee,Tsung-Kwei Liu,Kuo-Fong Ma,et al.Coseismic hydrological changes associated withdislocation of the September 21,1999Chichi earthquake,Taiwan[M].Geophysical Research Let-ters29,2003.
[6]Sigurjon Jonsson,Paul Segall,Rikke Pedersen,et al.Post-earthquake ground movements correlatedto pore-pressure transients[J].Nature,2003,424:179-183.
[7]Rongjiang Wang,Heiko Woith,Claus Milkereit,et al.Modelling of hydrogeochemical anomalies in-duced by distant earthquakes Geophys[J]J Int,2004,157:17-72.
[8]徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):597-629.
[9]黄媛,吴建平,张天中,等.汶川8.0级大地震及其余震序列重定位研究[J].中国科学(D辑),2008,38(10):1 242-1 249.
[10]王卫民,赵连锋,李娟,等.四川汶川8.0级地震震源过程[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1 403-1 410.
[11]李勇,周荣军,董顺利,等.汶川地震的地表破裂与逆冲走滑作用[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,35(4):404-413.
[12]Massimo Cocco,James R Rice.Pore pressure and poroelasticity effects in Coulomb stress analysis ofearthquake interactions[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2002.107:1 127-1 139
[13]Detournay E,Cheng A H D.“Fundamentals of poroelasticity”,Chapter 5in Comprehensive RockEngineering:Principles,Practice and Projects,Vol.Ⅱ,Analysis and Design Method[M].ed.C.Fairhurst,Pergamon Press,1993.113-171.
[14]Fu G Y,Sun W K.Effects of spatial distribution of fault slip on calculating coseismic displacement:Case studies of the Chi-Chi earthquake(MW7.6)and the Kunlun earthquake(MW7.8)[J].GeophysRes Let,2004,31:1 130-1 141.
[15]Bonafede M,Parenti B,Rivata E.On strike-slip faulting in layered media[J].Geophys J Int,2002,149:698-723.
[16]Wells D L,Coppersmith K J.New empirical Relationships among magnitude,rupture length,rup-ture width,rupture area,and surface displacement[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,1994,84:974-1 002.
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