COMGIS在工程场地地震灾害风险预测中的应用
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摘要
分析了传统的G IS技术在震害预测中的不足,提出了基于组件式G IS技术(COMG IS)的工程场地地震灾害风险评估系统的总体设计思路及设计方案;运用组件式G IS技术、数据库技术和空间分析技术构建信息管理平台,阐述了该系统的功能结构和数据流程;提出了工程场地地质资料的可视化查询和分析、地震影响场的生成、震害空间分析模型化等的实现思路与方法。研究表明:利用组件式G IS技术结合可视化编程语言所设计的工程场地地震灾害风险评估系统,能实现工程场地资料的有效利用,如地质剖面图的自动绘制、三维地质图的生成等;而且,能将震害分析模块化,集成到系统界面菜单上,实现震害分析的智能化,保证了系统开发的可持续性;同时,以场地液化、震陷、滑坡、场地类别作为场地地震灾害风险性预测的四大因子,在M apx+VB支持下进行叠合分析,编制出工程场地地震危险区综合预测图,可为场地规划和利用提供有效的基础资料。
Following an analysis of the disadvantages of traditional GIS method in prediction of earthquake hazard,a new method of COMGIS combined with other methods,as database technology and spatial analysis,is put forward to create a platform for managing information and making decision in order to improve the efficiency.The functions,the frame-work and data flow are fully discussed in this paper with an introduction of ideas and ways of visually inquiring the reconnaissance and survey data of engineering sites,the generation of earthquake influence field,modeling of earthquake hazard spatial analysis.The research shows that the risk evaluation system of earthquake hazard of engineering sites based on COMGIS and visual programming language can realize the effective utilization of information on sites,as drawing the geological section graph and 3D geological graph,and realize the intelligence of earthquake hazard analysis by the software of hazard analysis model,and the four factors considered to be important for evaluation of earthquake hazard of engineering sites are determined: sand liquefaction,earthquake-induced settlement,landslide,classification of engineering site.Under the support of Mapx+VB,the digital maps of four factors above mentioned are overlayed to accomplish zonation map of earthquake hazard of the engineering site.
Following an analysis of the disadvantages of traditional GIS method in prediction of earthquake hazard,a new method of COMGIS combined with other methods,as database technology and spatial analysis,is put forward to create a platform for managing information and making decision in order to improve the efficiency.The functions,the frame-work and data flow are fully discussed in this paper with an introduction of ideas and ways of visually inquiring the reconnaissance and survey data of engineering sites,the generation of earthquake influence field,modeling of earthquake hazard spatial analysis.The research shows that the risk evaluation system of earthquake hazard of engineering sites based on COMGIS and visual programming language can realize the effective utilization of information on sites,as drawing the geological section graph and 3D geological graph,and realize the intelligence of earthquake hazard analysis by the software of hazard analysis model,and the four factors considered to be important for evaluation of earthquake hazard of engineering sites are determined: sand liquefaction,earthquake-induced settlement,landslide,classification of engineering site.Under the support of Mapx+VB,the digital maps of four factors above mentioned are overlayed to accomplish zonation map of earthquake hazard of the engineering site.
引文
[1]左惠强,陶夏新,谢礼立,张明宇.基于G IS的地震构造信息系统[J].自然灾害学报,1995,7(4):7-13.
[2]谢礼立,陶夏新,左惠强.基于G IS和AI的地震灾害危险性分析与信息系统[J].自然灾害学报,1995,7(4):1-5.
[3]左惠强,谢礼立,R.D.Borcherdt.设定地震影响场的G IS模拟[J].地震学报,1999,7(4):427-432.
[4]周正华,陶夏新.基于G IS的地震烈度衰减信息系统[J].高原地震,1995,12(4):43-49.
[5]张凌,施斌,王宝军.G IS环境中砂土液化评价方法[J].水文地质工程地质,2000,(5):15-16.
[6]单新建,叶洪,李焯芬,陈国光.基于G IS的区域滑坡危险性预测方法与初步应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,10(10):1507-1514.
[7]宋关福,钟耳顺.组件式地理信息系统研究与开发[J].中国图像图形学报,1998,(4):313-317.
[8]周汇光,王宝军,施斌.基于G IS的大型桥梁工程勘察信息管理系统设[J].桂林工学院学报,2004,(4):172-176.
[9]汤皓,陈国兴,邵进达.基于G IS技术的场地地震液化风险评估系统———初步研究[J].自然灾害学报,2004,(10):123-127.
[10]朱良峰,吴信才,刘修国,尚建嘎.基于钻孔数据的三维地层模型的构建[J].地理与地理信息科学,2004,(5):26-30.
[11]陈国兴,陈忠汉,马克俭,等.工程结构抗震设计原理[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.30-32.
[12]陈继华,陈国兴,史国龙.深厚软弱场地地震反应特性研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2004,(2):131-138.
[13]尹之潜.地震灾害及损失预测方法[M].北京:地震出版社,1996.131.
[14]陈国兴,李方明,从卫民.多层建筑物地基震陷的简化计算方法及其影响因素分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2004,3(1):47-52.
[15]唐川,朱静,张翔瑞.G IS支持下的地震诱发滑坡危险区预测研究[J].地震研究,2001,1(1):73-81.
[2]谢礼立,陶夏新,左惠强.基于G IS和AI的地震灾害危险性分析与信息系统[J].自然灾害学报,1995,7(4):1-5.
[3]左惠强,谢礼立,R.D.Borcherdt.设定地震影响场的G IS模拟[J].地震学报,1999,7(4):427-432.
[4]周正华,陶夏新.基于G IS的地震烈度衰减信息系统[J].高原地震,1995,12(4):43-49.
[5]张凌,施斌,王宝军.G IS环境中砂土液化评价方法[J].水文地质工程地质,2000,(5):15-16.
[6]单新建,叶洪,李焯芬,陈国光.基于G IS的区域滑坡危险性预测方法与初步应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,10(10):1507-1514.
[7]宋关福,钟耳顺.组件式地理信息系统研究与开发[J].中国图像图形学报,1998,(4):313-317.
[8]周汇光,王宝军,施斌.基于G IS的大型桥梁工程勘察信息管理系统设[J].桂林工学院学报,2004,(4):172-176.
[9]汤皓,陈国兴,邵进达.基于G IS技术的场地地震液化风险评估系统———初步研究[J].自然灾害学报,2004,(10):123-127.
[10]朱良峰,吴信才,刘修国,尚建嘎.基于钻孔数据的三维地层模型的构建[J].地理与地理信息科学,2004,(5):26-30.
[11]陈国兴,陈忠汉,马克俭,等.工程结构抗震设计原理[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.30-32.
[12]陈继华,陈国兴,史国龙.深厚软弱场地地震反应特性研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2004,(2):131-138.
[13]尹之潜.地震灾害及损失预测方法[M].北京:地震出版社,1996.131.
[14]陈国兴,李方明,从卫民.多层建筑物地基震陷的简化计算方法及其影响因素分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2004,3(1):47-52.
[15]唐川,朱静,张翔瑞.G IS支持下的地震诱发滑坡危险区预测研究[J].地震研究,2001,1(1):73-81.
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