四川盆地震旦系储层孔洞形成机理与胶结充填物特征研究
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摘要
四川盆地震旦系灯影组储层原生窗格孔发育,淡水岩溶、有机酸、TSR(硫酸盐热还原反应)、高温热液溶蚀及构造破裂作用导致其次生孔洞缝发育,内部胶结充填物样式繁多。灯影组内部常发育白云石、方解石、硅质3大类(8小类)胶结充填物。纤状、刀片状、柱状、放射轴状、重力型及粉—细晶白云石胶结物主要形成于成岩早期阶段;中—粗晶白云石形成于成岩晚期阶段;硅质与方解石充填物则形成于燕山末期构造隆升晚成岩阶段。胶结充填物发育程度与构造部位密切相关,斜坡地区充填程度高。储层内部晶洞、晶孔和裂缝中充填物的流体来源均为外源,在下组合(震旦系—志留系)中具有区域性的特点,胶结充填矿物特征常受控于围岩成分。
Primary fenestral pores and secondary pore-fracture-cave system caused by meteoric water karstification,organic acid dissolution,TSR(thermal sulfate reduction),hydrothermal dissolution and tectonic fracturing are well developed in Upper Sinian Dengying formation.On the basis of geochemistry,petrography,detailed examination of the cores and thin sections,the following inclusions have been reached.Three types of cements including dolomite,calcite,and silica are common in Dengying Formation.They can be subdivided into eight subtypes.Several kinds of cements were mainly formed at the early diagenetic stage,such as fibrous or blade cements,columnar,radial,crescent cement and fine crystal dolomitic cement.Medium-coarse crystal dolomitic cement were formed at the late diagenetic stage.Further more,the silica material and calcite cements were formed at the late diagenetic stage in Yanshan tectonic uplifting movement.The growth of cements and fillings was correlated with regional structural position,and it is the most strongest in the slope zone.Upon carefully study,the source of fluids which had caused the deposition of cements and fillings in cavity,were proved to be external fluids,and they have regional characteristics.The characteristics of cements and fillings were closely related to adjacent rock.
Primary fenestral pores and secondary pore-fracture-cave system caused by meteoric water karstification,organic acid dissolution,TSR(thermal sulfate reduction),hydrothermal dissolution and tectonic fracturing are well developed in Upper Sinian Dengying formation.On the basis of geochemistry,petrography,detailed examination of the cores and thin sections,the following inclusions have been reached.Three types of cements including dolomite,calcite,and silica are common in Dengying Formation.They can be subdivided into eight subtypes.Several kinds of cements were mainly formed at the early diagenetic stage,such as fibrous or blade cements,columnar,radial,crescent cement and fine crystal dolomitic cement.Medium-coarse crystal dolomitic cement were formed at the late diagenetic stage.Further more,the silica material and calcite cements were formed at the late diagenetic stage in Yanshan tectonic uplifting movement.The growth of cements and fillings was correlated with regional structural position,and it is the most strongest in the slope zone.Upon carefully study,the source of fluids which had caused the deposition of cements and fillings in cavity,were proved to be external fluids,and they have regional characteristics.The characteristics of cements and fillings were closely related to adjacent rock.
引文
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8崔会英,张莉,魏国齐等.四川盆地威远—资阳地区震旦系储层沥青特征及意义[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(5):489~493
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12 Hao Fang,Guo Tonglou,Zhu Yangming,et al.Evidence formultiple stages of oil cracking and thermochemical sulfate re-duction in the Puguang gas field,Sichuan Basin,China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2008,92(5):611~637
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14刘树根,黄文明,陈翠华等.四川盆地震旦系—古生界热液作用及其成藏成矿效应初探[J].矿物岩石,2008,28(3):41~50
15王琪,史基安,肖立新等.石油侵位对碎屑储集岩成岩序列的影响及其与孔隙演化的关系:以塔西南坳陷石炭系石英砂岩为例[J].沉积学报,1998,16(3):97~101
16王恕一,陈强路,马红强.塔里木盆地塔河油田下奥陶统碳酸盐岩的深埋溶蚀作用及其对储集体的影响[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(增刊):557~561
17 Davies G D,Smith L B.Structurally controlled hydrothermal dolo-mite reservoir facies[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1641~1690
18包强,徐世琦,刘仲宣等.资阳地区震旦系裂缝特征及控制因素初探[J].天然气工业,1996,16(5):28~31
19张月华,王一刚.构造溶蚀作用对储层的改造及其意义[J].石油学报,1991,12(1):17~22
20郑荣才,胡忠贵,冯青平等.川东北地区长兴组白云岩储层的成因研究[J].矿物岩石,2007,27(4):79~84
2王兴志,侯方浩,刘仲宣等.资阳地区灯影组层状白云岩储集层研究[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(2):37~40
3王兴志,方少仙,侯方浩等.四川盆地灯影组储层原生孔隙内胶结物研究[J].西南石油学院学报,1998,20(3):1~5
4王兴志,陈科贵,黄继祥等.四川盆地震旦系储集层次生储集空间内化学充填物研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(4):41~47
5向芳,张锦泉,陈洪德.资阳地区震旦系充填白云石与古岩溶[J].成都理工学院学报,1998,25(3):436~442
6向芳,陈洪德,张锦泉.资阳地区震旦系古岩溶作用及其特征讨论[J].沉积学报,2001,19(3):421~425
7张林,魏国齐,韩龙等.四川盆地震旦系—下古生界高过成熟烃源岩评价[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(3):286~291
8崔会英,张莉,魏国齐等.四川盆地威远—资阳地区震旦系储层沥青特征及意义[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(5):489~493
9 Allan J R,Wiggins W D.Dolomite reservoirs geochemicaltechniques for evaluating origin and distribution[M].Tulsa:AAPG,1993
10罗啸泉,郭东晓,蓝江华.威远气田震旦系灯影组古岩溶与成藏探讨[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2001,21(4):54~60
11王一刚,窦立荣,文应初等.四川盆地东北部三叠系飞仙关组高含硫气藏H2S成因研究[J].地球化学,2002,31(6):517~524
12 Hao Fang,Guo Tonglou,Zhu Yangming,et al.Evidence formultiple stages of oil cracking and thermochemical sulfate re-duction in the Puguang gas field,Sichuan Basin,China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2008,92(5):611~637
13 Hill C A.H2S-related porosity and sulfuric acid oil-fieldkarst[A].In:Budd D A,Saller A H,Harris P M,eds.Un-conformities and porosity in carbonate strata:AAPG Memoir63[M].Tulsa:AAPG,1995.301~306
14刘树根,黄文明,陈翠华等.四川盆地震旦系—古生界热液作用及其成藏成矿效应初探[J].矿物岩石,2008,28(3):41~50
15王琪,史基安,肖立新等.石油侵位对碎屑储集岩成岩序列的影响及其与孔隙演化的关系:以塔西南坳陷石炭系石英砂岩为例[J].沉积学报,1998,16(3):97~101
16王恕一,陈强路,马红强.塔里木盆地塔河油田下奥陶统碳酸盐岩的深埋溶蚀作用及其对储集体的影响[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(增刊):557~561
17 Davies G D,Smith L B.Structurally controlled hydrothermal dolo-mite reservoir facies[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1641~1690
18包强,徐世琦,刘仲宣等.资阳地区震旦系裂缝特征及控制因素初探[J].天然气工业,1996,16(5):28~31
19张月华,王一刚.构造溶蚀作用对储层的改造及其意义[J].石油学报,1991,12(1):17~22
20郑荣才,胡忠贵,冯青平等.川东北地区长兴组白云岩储层的成因研究[J].矿物岩石,2007,27(4):79~84
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