玉树地震产生的位移场和应力场研究
|
摘要
根据2010年4月14日玉树7.1级地震的震源破裂模型及余震目录,本文计算了玉树地震产生的位移场和库仑破裂应力。计算结果表明,玉树地震导致应力变化以破裂带为中心高达正负1000Pa变化,沿近东西方向应力增加,巴彦喀喇山主峰断裂、清水河断裂、杂孕—楚玛尔河断裂东南段、称多—曲麻莱—五道梁断裂、冶多断裂中段,扎那曲—着晓断裂、莫云—结多断裂、杂多—上拉秀断裂西北段处于应力增强区,冶多断裂中段、杂多—上拉秀断裂应力增强尤为显著,高达1 000Pa之多,应力的增加有利于这些断裂活动性增强。而沿破裂带方向的断层如甘孜—玉树—风火山断裂带及玉树南—风火山南麓断裂西北段应力减小,对这些地区后续地震的发生有一定的抑制作用。
Based on the rupture model of April 14,2010 Yushu M7.1 earthquake and its aftershock catalogue,we calculated the displacement field and Coulomb failure stress.The Yushu earthquake made significant changes to the regional seismic stress field.The calculation results show that: Yushu earthquake caused stress changes up to amount of positive and negative 1 000 Pa centered along the rupture zone;and along the nearly east-west direction stress increases.Bayan Kala mountain peak fracture,Qingshui River fracture,Zayun-Chu Kumar River fault southeast section,Chengduo-Qumalai-Wudaoliang fracture,and Zhiduo fracture′s middle section,Zanaqu-Zhaoxiao fracture,Moyun-Jieduo fracture,Zaduo-Shanglaxiu fracture′s northwest section in the area of stress increased.Zhiduo fracture′s middle section,Zaduo-Shanglaxiu fracture′s stress increase particularly strong,up to the amount of 100 Pa.While along with the direction of rupture fault such as Ganzi-Yushu-Fenhuosan fracture zone and the south of Yushu-south of Fenhuosan fracture zone′s northwest section stresses were reduce,which can inhibit certain following earthquakes in these areas.
Based on the rupture model of April 14,2010 Yushu M7.1 earthquake and its aftershock catalogue,we calculated the displacement field and Coulomb failure stress.The Yushu earthquake made significant changes to the regional seismic stress field.The calculation results show that: Yushu earthquake caused stress changes up to amount of positive and negative 1 000 Pa centered along the rupture zone;and along the nearly east-west direction stress increases.Bayan Kala mountain peak fracture,Qingshui River fracture,Zayun-Chu Kumar River fault southeast section,Chengduo-Qumalai-Wudaoliang fracture,and Zhiduo fracture′s middle section,Zanaqu-Zhaoxiao fracture,Moyun-Jieduo fracture,Zaduo-Shanglaxiu fracture′s northwest section in the area of stress increased.Zhiduo fracture′s middle section,Zaduo-Shanglaxiu fracture′s stress increase particularly strong,up to the amount of 100 Pa.While along with the direction of rupture fault such as Ganzi-Yushu-Fenhuosan fracture zone and the south of Yushu-south of Fenhuosan fracture zone′s northwest section stresses were reduce,which can inhibit certain following earthquakes in these areas.
引文
[1]闻学泽,黄圣睦,江在雄,等.甘孜—玉树断裂带新构造运动特征与地震危险性估计[J].地震地质,1985,7(3):23-34.
[2]周荣军,闻学泽,蔡长兴,等.甘孜—玉树断裂带的近代地震与未来地震趋势估计[J].地震地质,1997,19(2):115-124.
[3]彭华,马秀敏,白嘉启,等.甘孜—玉树断裂带第四纪活动特征[J].地质力学学报,2006,12(3):295-304.
[4]张培震,邓起东,张国民,等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增):12-20.
[5]陈运泰研究小组.玉树地震震源机制和破裂过程.中国地震局网站(http://www.csi.ac.cn).
[6]King G C P,Stein R S,Lin J.Static changes and the triggering of earthquakes[J].Bull Seismol SocAm,1994,84:935-953.
[7]Stein R S.The role of stress transfer in earthquake occurrence[J].Science,1999,402:605-609.
[8]Pinar A,Honkuar Y,Kuge K.Seismic activity triggered by the 1999Izmit earthquake and its impli-cations for the assessment of future seismic risk[J].Geophys J Int,2001,146,F1-F7.
[9]Stein R S,King G C P,Lin J.Stress triggering of the 1994 M6.7Northridge,California earthquakeby its predecessors[J].Science,1994,265:1 432-1 435.
[10]Stein R S,Barka A A,Dieterich J H.Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939byearthquake stress triggering[J].Geophys J Int,1997,128:594-604.
[11]傅征祥,刘桂萍,陈棋福.青藏高原北缘海原、古浪、昌马大地震间相互作用的动力学分析[J].地震地质,2001,23(1):35-42.
[12]万永革,吴忠良,周公威,等.几次复杂地震中不同破裂事件之间的应力触发问题[J].地震学报,2000,22(6):568-576.
[13]沈正康,万永革,甘卫军,等.东昆仑活动断裂带大地震之间的粘弹性应力触发研究[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(6):786-795.
[14]王仁,孙荀英,蔡永恩.华北地区近700年地震序列的数学模拟[J].中国科学(B辑),1982,8:745-753.
[15]万永革,沈正康,曾跃华,等.青藏高原东北部的库仑应力积累演化对大地震发生的影响[J].地震学报,2007,29(2):115-129.
[16]万永革,吴忠良,周公威,等.地震静态应力触发模型的全球检验[J].地震学报,2002,24(3):302-316.
[17]Wan Y G,Wu Z L,Zhou G W.Small stress change triggering a big earthquake;a test of the criticalpoint hypothesis for earthquake[J].Chin Phys Lett,2003,20(9):1 452-1 455.
[18]Wan Y G,Wu Z L,Zhou G W.Focal mechanism dependence of static stress triggering of earth-quake[J].Technophysics,2004,390:235-243.
[19]万永革,吴忠良,周公威,等.地震应力触发研究[J].地震学报,2002,24(5):533-551.
[20]沈正康,万永革,甘卫军,等.华北地区700年来地壳应力场演化与地震发生研究[J].中国地震,2004,20(3):211-228.
[21]Stein R S,Lisowski M.The 1979Homestead Valley earthquake sequence,California;Control of af-tershocks and postseismic deformation[J].J Geophys Res,1983,88:6 477-6 490.
[22]Robinson R,Zhou S,Stress interactions within the Tangshan,China,earthquake sequence of 1976[J].Bull Seis Soc Amer,2005,95(6):2 501-2 505.
[23]Lienkaemper J J,Galehouse J S,Simpson R W.Long-term monitoring of creep rate along the hay-ward fault and evidence for a lasting creep response to 1989Loma Prieta earthquake[J].GeophysRes Lett,2001,28(11):2 265-2 268.
[24]McCloskey J,Nalbant S S,Steacy S.Earthquake risk from co-seismic stress[J].Nature,2005,434:291.
[25]Parsons T,Ji C,Kirby E.Stress changes from the 2008wenchuan earthquake and increased hazardin the Sichuan basin[J].Nature,2008,doi:10.1038/nature07177.
[26]万永革,沈正康,盛书中,等.2008年汶川大地震对周围断层的影响[J].地震学报,2009,31(2):128-139.
[27]邓起东,张培震,冉勇康,等.中国活动构造基本特征[J].中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12):1020-1 030.
[28]Chinnery M A.The stress changes that accompany strike-slip faulting[J].Bull Sesm Soc Amer,1963,53:921-932.
[29]陈运泰,林邦慧,林中洋,等.根据地面形变的观测研究1966年邢台地震的震源过程[J].地球物理学报,1975,1(3):164-182.
[30]Okada Y.Internal deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half-space[J].Bull Seism Soc A-mer,1992,82:1 018-1 040.
[31]Stein R S,King G C P,Lin J.Change in failure stress on the southern San Andreas fault systemcaused by the 1992magnitude=7.4Landers eearthquake[J].Science,1992,258:1 328-1 332.
[32]Rice J R.Fault stress states,pore pressure distribution,and the weakness of the San Andreasfault[M].In:Evans B,Wong T F eds.Fault Mechanics of Rock.Academic Press,London,1992.475-503.
[33]王卫民,赵连锋,姚振兴,等.中国地震信息网http://www.csi.ac.cn/manage/html/4028861611c5c2ba0111c5c558b00001/_content/10_04/14/1271250817270.html2010年4月14日玉树7.1级地震震源破裂过程初步结果.
[34]Deng J,Gurnis M,Kanamori H,et al.Viscoelastic flow in the lower crust after the 1992Landers,California,earthquake[J].Science,1998,282:1 689-1 692.
[35]万永革,沈正康,曾跃华,等.唐山地震序列应力触发的黏弹性力学模型研究[J].地震学报,2008,30(6):581-593.
[36]Parsons T,Ji C,Kirby E.Stress changes from the 2008Wenchuan earthquake and increased hazardin the Sichuan basin[J].Nature,2008,doi:10.1038/nature07177.
[37]陈立春,王虎,冉勇康,等.玉树MS7.1级地震地表破裂与历史大地震[J].科学通报,2010,55(13):1 200-1 205.
[38]周慧芳,张景发,胡乐银,等.青海玉树地震的InSAR数据同震形变场模拟与参数反演分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2011,13(3):418-423.
[39]Hudnut K W,Bock Y,Cline M,et al.Co-seismic displacements of the 1992Landers earthquake se-quences[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,1994,84:625-645.
[2]周荣军,闻学泽,蔡长兴,等.甘孜—玉树断裂带的近代地震与未来地震趋势估计[J].地震地质,1997,19(2):115-124.
[3]彭华,马秀敏,白嘉启,等.甘孜—玉树断裂带第四纪活动特征[J].地质力学学报,2006,12(3):295-304.
[4]张培震,邓起东,张国民,等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增):12-20.
[5]陈运泰研究小组.玉树地震震源机制和破裂过程.中国地震局网站(http://www.csi.ac.cn).
[6]King G C P,Stein R S,Lin J.Static changes and the triggering of earthquakes[J].Bull Seismol SocAm,1994,84:935-953.
[7]Stein R S.The role of stress transfer in earthquake occurrence[J].Science,1999,402:605-609.
[8]Pinar A,Honkuar Y,Kuge K.Seismic activity triggered by the 1999Izmit earthquake and its impli-cations for the assessment of future seismic risk[J].Geophys J Int,2001,146,F1-F7.
[9]Stein R S,King G C P,Lin J.Stress triggering of the 1994 M6.7Northridge,California earthquakeby its predecessors[J].Science,1994,265:1 432-1 435.
[10]Stein R S,Barka A A,Dieterich J H.Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939byearthquake stress triggering[J].Geophys J Int,1997,128:594-604.
[11]傅征祥,刘桂萍,陈棋福.青藏高原北缘海原、古浪、昌马大地震间相互作用的动力学分析[J].地震地质,2001,23(1):35-42.
[12]万永革,吴忠良,周公威,等.几次复杂地震中不同破裂事件之间的应力触发问题[J].地震学报,2000,22(6):568-576.
[13]沈正康,万永革,甘卫军,等.东昆仑活动断裂带大地震之间的粘弹性应力触发研究[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(6):786-795.
[14]王仁,孙荀英,蔡永恩.华北地区近700年地震序列的数学模拟[J].中国科学(B辑),1982,8:745-753.
[15]万永革,沈正康,曾跃华,等.青藏高原东北部的库仑应力积累演化对大地震发生的影响[J].地震学报,2007,29(2):115-129.
[16]万永革,吴忠良,周公威,等.地震静态应力触发模型的全球检验[J].地震学报,2002,24(3):302-316.
[17]Wan Y G,Wu Z L,Zhou G W.Small stress change triggering a big earthquake;a test of the criticalpoint hypothesis for earthquake[J].Chin Phys Lett,2003,20(9):1 452-1 455.
[18]Wan Y G,Wu Z L,Zhou G W.Focal mechanism dependence of static stress triggering of earth-quake[J].Technophysics,2004,390:235-243.
[19]万永革,吴忠良,周公威,等.地震应力触发研究[J].地震学报,2002,24(5):533-551.
[20]沈正康,万永革,甘卫军,等.华北地区700年来地壳应力场演化与地震发生研究[J].中国地震,2004,20(3):211-228.
[21]Stein R S,Lisowski M.The 1979Homestead Valley earthquake sequence,California;Control of af-tershocks and postseismic deformation[J].J Geophys Res,1983,88:6 477-6 490.
[22]Robinson R,Zhou S,Stress interactions within the Tangshan,China,earthquake sequence of 1976[J].Bull Seis Soc Amer,2005,95(6):2 501-2 505.
[23]Lienkaemper J J,Galehouse J S,Simpson R W.Long-term monitoring of creep rate along the hay-ward fault and evidence for a lasting creep response to 1989Loma Prieta earthquake[J].GeophysRes Lett,2001,28(11):2 265-2 268.
[24]McCloskey J,Nalbant S S,Steacy S.Earthquake risk from co-seismic stress[J].Nature,2005,434:291.
[25]Parsons T,Ji C,Kirby E.Stress changes from the 2008wenchuan earthquake and increased hazardin the Sichuan basin[J].Nature,2008,doi:10.1038/nature07177.
[26]万永革,沈正康,盛书中,等.2008年汶川大地震对周围断层的影响[J].地震学报,2009,31(2):128-139.
[27]邓起东,张培震,冉勇康,等.中国活动构造基本特征[J].中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12):1020-1 030.
[28]Chinnery M A.The stress changes that accompany strike-slip faulting[J].Bull Sesm Soc Amer,1963,53:921-932.
[29]陈运泰,林邦慧,林中洋,等.根据地面形变的观测研究1966年邢台地震的震源过程[J].地球物理学报,1975,1(3):164-182.
[30]Okada Y.Internal deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half-space[J].Bull Seism Soc A-mer,1992,82:1 018-1 040.
[31]Stein R S,King G C P,Lin J.Change in failure stress on the southern San Andreas fault systemcaused by the 1992magnitude=7.4Landers eearthquake[J].Science,1992,258:1 328-1 332.
[32]Rice J R.Fault stress states,pore pressure distribution,and the weakness of the San Andreasfault[M].In:Evans B,Wong T F eds.Fault Mechanics of Rock.Academic Press,London,1992.475-503.
[33]王卫民,赵连锋,姚振兴,等.中国地震信息网http://www.csi.ac.cn/manage/html/4028861611c5c2ba0111c5c558b00001/_content/10_04/14/1271250817270.html2010年4月14日玉树7.1级地震震源破裂过程初步结果.
[34]Deng J,Gurnis M,Kanamori H,et al.Viscoelastic flow in the lower crust after the 1992Landers,California,earthquake[J].Science,1998,282:1 689-1 692.
[35]万永革,沈正康,曾跃华,等.唐山地震序列应力触发的黏弹性力学模型研究[J].地震学报,2008,30(6):581-593.
[36]Parsons T,Ji C,Kirby E.Stress changes from the 2008Wenchuan earthquake and increased hazardin the Sichuan basin[J].Nature,2008,doi:10.1038/nature07177.
[37]陈立春,王虎,冉勇康,等.玉树MS7.1级地震地表破裂与历史大地震[J].科学通报,2010,55(13):1 200-1 205.
[38]周慧芳,张景发,胡乐银,等.青海玉树地震的InSAR数据同震形变场模拟与参数反演分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2011,13(3):418-423.
[39]Hudnut K W,Bock Y,Cline M,et al.Co-seismic displacements of the 1992Landers earthquake se-quences[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,1994,84:625-645.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心