过渡带拼接地震资料处理方法研究
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摘要
本文针对滩海过渡带及多个相邻区块资料拼接的工区情况,提出了一系列的解决方案:包括匹配滤波因子的计算、时差的判别、相位差判别,频率匹配,异常能量压制,振幅补偿等联合处理方法,最终很大程度上实现了包括能量差、频率差、时差以及相位差的消除,有效解决了由于滩海过渡带地表条件极其复杂,地震激发、接收环境差、差异大而引起的地震资料分辨率与信噪比低、成像和一致性差的问题.
As for the prospect composed of both seashore and marine ones,this paper gives a series of methods includes the calculation of matching factors,recognizing time difference,recognizing phase difference,matching frequency,suppressing of abnormal energy,frequency compensating and so on,to slove the attenuations of energy difference,frequency difference.They can time difference and phase difference,deal with the would-be problems,such as low signal to noise ratio,low resolution,poor imaging and poor consistent.
As for the prospect composed of both seashore and marine ones,this paper gives a series of methods includes the calculation of matching factors,recognizing time difference,recognizing phase difference,matching frequency,suppressing of abnormal energy,frequency compensating and so on,to slove the attenuations of energy difference,frequency difference.They can time difference and phase difference,deal with the would-be problems,such as low signal to noise ratio,low resolution,poor imaging and poor consistent.
引文
[1]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.Li Qing-zhong,the guidance to exactly exploration,Beijing,oil industry publication,1993.
[2]R E谢里夫,L P吉尔达特.勘探地震学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.Sheriff R E,Geldart L P.Explored Geophysics[M].Beijing:Oil Industry,1999.
[3]孟庆生,楚贤峰,等.高分辨率数据处理技术在近海工程地震勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):1006~1010.Meng Q S,Guo X J.The application of high resolution seismicdata processing technique in multi-channel shallow offshore en-gineering seismic surveys[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chi-nese),2007,(3):1006~1010.
[4]徐锦玺,滩浅海地震勘探采集技术应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):66~70.Xu J X.Seismic exploration acquisition technique applicationof Beach shallow sea[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(1):66~70.
[5]李振春,王清振,地震波衰减机理及能量补偿研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1147~1152.Li Z C,Wang Q Z.A review of research on mechanism of seis-mic attenuation and energy compensation[J].Progress in Geo-physics(in Chinese),2007,22(4):1147~1152.
[6]袁子龙,韩刚,于玲,李婷婷.地震勘探仪器主要技术性能分析及改进探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6):1970~1974.Yuan Z L,Han G,Yu L,Li T T.Analysis and improvementof the main technical performance of seismic exploration in-strument[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(6):1970~1974.
[7]李景叶,陈小宏,芮振华.基于匹配滤波的多次波压制方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):200~206.Li J Y,Chen X H,Rui Z H.Study on multiple attenuationmethod based on match filter[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2007,22(1):200~206.
[8]陈文超,高静怀.基于改进的最佳匹配地震子波的地震资料衰减特性分析[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(3):837~843.Chen W C,Gao J H.Characteristic analysis of seismic attenu-ation using MBMSW wavelets[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-physics(in Chinese),2007,50(3):837~843.
[9]袁子龙,韩刚,于玲,李婷婷.地震勘探仪器主要技术性能分析及改进探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6):1970~1974.Yuan Z L,Han G,Yu L,Li T T.Analysis and improvementof the main technical performance of seismic exploration in-strument[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(6):1970~1974.
[10]孟庆生,楚贤峰,郭秀军,樊玉清,贾永刚.高分辨率数据处理技术在近海工程地震勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):1006~1010.Meng Q S,Chu X F,Guo X J,Fan Y Q,Jia Y G.The ap-plication of high resolution seismic data processing techniquein multi-channel shallow offshore engineering seismic surveys[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,(3):1006~1010.
[11]李鹏,刘伊克,常旭,金德刚,赵珊珊.均衡拟多道匹配滤波法在波动方程法压制多次波中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1844~1853.Li P,Liu Y K,Chang X,Jin D G,Zhao S S.Application ofthe equipoise pseudo-multichannel matching filter in multipleelimination using wave-equation method[J].Chinese Journalof geophysics(in Chinese),2007,50(6):1844~1853.
[12]陈赟,高乐,赵烽帆.一种基于频率域偏振分析提高三分量地震资料信噪比的方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):255~261.Chen Y,Gao L,Zhao F F.A method to enhance the signal/noise ratio of three-component seismic data based on the po-larization analysis in frequency domain[J].Progress in Geo-physics(in Chinese),2007,22(1):255~261.
[13]王西文,胡自多,田彦灿,等.地震子波处理的二步法反褶积方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,21(4):1167~1179.Wang X W,Hu Z D,Tian Y C.Study of seismic waveletprocessing method in two step deconvolution[J].ChineseJournal of geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(4):1167~1179.
[14]麻三怀,杨长春,韩晓丽,李波涛.采集脚印分析和处理方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):500~507.Ma S H,Yang C C,Han X L,Li B T.The review of meth-ods of acquisition footprint analysis and processing[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(2):500~507.
[15]陈雨红,杨长春,曹齐放,李波涛,尚永生.几种时频分析方法比较[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1180~1185.Chen Y H,Yang C C,Cao Q F,Li B T,Shang Y S.Thecomparison of some time-frequency analysis methods[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(4):1180~1185.
[16]陈发宇,杨长春.基于MP方法的地震信号快速分解算法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6):1692~1697.Chen F Y,Yang C C.Seismic signal′s decomposition basedon matching pursuits method[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2007,22(6):1692~1697.
[17]陈发宇,尚永生,杨长春.Matching Pursuits方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1466~1473.Chen F Y,Shang Y S,Yang C C.A general description ofmatching pursuits decomposition method[J].Progress in Ge-ophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1466~1473.
[18]常旭,刘伊克,杜向东,李绪宣.深水崎岖海底地震数据成像方法与应用[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(1):228~234.Chang X,Liu Y K,Du X D,Li X X.Seismic imaging underthe irregular deep water bottom[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-physics(in Chinese),2008,51(1):228~234.
[19]邵安民.海底地震数据记录器[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(2):224~228.Shao A M.An ocean bottom seismic data recorder[J].Chi-nese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2003,46(2):224~228.
[20]冯英杰,杨长春,吴萍.地震波有限差分模拟综述[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):487~491.Feng Y J,Yang C C,Wu P.The review of the finite-differ-ence elastic wave motion modeling[J].Chinese Journal of geo-physics(in Chinese),2007,22(2):487~491.
[2]R E谢里夫,L P吉尔达特.勘探地震学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.Sheriff R E,Geldart L P.Explored Geophysics[M].Beijing:Oil Industry,1999.
[3]孟庆生,楚贤峰,等.高分辨率数据处理技术在近海工程地震勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):1006~1010.Meng Q S,Guo X J.The application of high resolution seismicdata processing technique in multi-channel shallow offshore en-gineering seismic surveys[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chi-nese),2007,(3):1006~1010.
[4]徐锦玺,滩浅海地震勘探采集技术应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):66~70.Xu J X.Seismic exploration acquisition technique applicationof Beach shallow sea[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(1):66~70.
[5]李振春,王清振,地震波衰减机理及能量补偿研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1147~1152.Li Z C,Wang Q Z.A review of research on mechanism of seis-mic attenuation and energy compensation[J].Progress in Geo-physics(in Chinese),2007,22(4):1147~1152.
[6]袁子龙,韩刚,于玲,李婷婷.地震勘探仪器主要技术性能分析及改进探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6):1970~1974.Yuan Z L,Han G,Yu L,Li T T.Analysis and improvementof the main technical performance of seismic exploration in-strument[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(6):1970~1974.
[7]李景叶,陈小宏,芮振华.基于匹配滤波的多次波压制方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):200~206.Li J Y,Chen X H,Rui Z H.Study on multiple attenuationmethod based on match filter[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2007,22(1):200~206.
[8]陈文超,高静怀.基于改进的最佳匹配地震子波的地震资料衰减特性分析[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(3):837~843.Chen W C,Gao J H.Characteristic analysis of seismic attenu-ation using MBMSW wavelets[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-physics(in Chinese),2007,50(3):837~843.
[9]袁子龙,韩刚,于玲,李婷婷.地震勘探仪器主要技术性能分析及改进探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6):1970~1974.Yuan Z L,Han G,Yu L,Li T T.Analysis and improvementof the main technical performance of seismic exploration in-strument[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(6):1970~1974.
[10]孟庆生,楚贤峰,郭秀军,樊玉清,贾永刚.高分辨率数据处理技术在近海工程地震勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,(3):1006~1010.Meng Q S,Chu X F,Guo X J,Fan Y Q,Jia Y G.The ap-plication of high resolution seismic data processing techniquein multi-channel shallow offshore engineering seismic surveys[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,(3):1006~1010.
[11]李鹏,刘伊克,常旭,金德刚,赵珊珊.均衡拟多道匹配滤波法在波动方程法压制多次波中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1844~1853.Li P,Liu Y K,Chang X,Jin D G,Zhao S S.Application ofthe equipoise pseudo-multichannel matching filter in multipleelimination using wave-equation method[J].Chinese Journalof geophysics(in Chinese),2007,50(6):1844~1853.
[12]陈赟,高乐,赵烽帆.一种基于频率域偏振分析提高三分量地震资料信噪比的方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):255~261.Chen Y,Gao L,Zhao F F.A method to enhance the signal/noise ratio of three-component seismic data based on the po-larization analysis in frequency domain[J].Progress in Geo-physics(in Chinese),2007,22(1):255~261.
[13]王西文,胡自多,田彦灿,等.地震子波处理的二步法反褶积方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,21(4):1167~1179.Wang X W,Hu Z D,Tian Y C.Study of seismic waveletprocessing method in two step deconvolution[J].ChineseJournal of geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(4):1167~1179.
[14]麻三怀,杨长春,韩晓丽,李波涛.采集脚印分析和处理方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):500~507.Ma S H,Yang C C,Han X L,Li B T.The review of meth-ods of acquisition footprint analysis and processing[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(2):500~507.
[15]陈雨红,杨长春,曹齐放,李波涛,尚永生.几种时频分析方法比较[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1180~1185.Chen Y H,Yang C C,Cao Q F,Li B T,Shang Y S.Thecomparison of some time-frequency analysis methods[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(4):1180~1185.
[16]陈发宇,杨长春.基于MP方法的地震信号快速分解算法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6):1692~1697.Chen F Y,Yang C C.Seismic signal′s decomposition basedon matching pursuits method[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2007,22(6):1692~1697.
[17]陈发宇,尚永生,杨长春.Matching Pursuits方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1466~1473.Chen F Y,Shang Y S,Yang C C.A general description ofmatching pursuits decomposition method[J].Progress in Ge-ophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1466~1473.
[18]常旭,刘伊克,杜向东,李绪宣.深水崎岖海底地震数据成像方法与应用[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(1):228~234.Chang X,Liu Y K,Du X D,Li X X.Seismic imaging underthe irregular deep water bottom[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-physics(in Chinese),2008,51(1):228~234.
[19]邵安民.海底地震数据记录器[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(2):224~228.Shao A M.An ocean bottom seismic data recorder[J].Chi-nese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2003,46(2):224~228.
[20]冯英杰,杨长春,吴萍.地震波有限差分模拟综述[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):487~491.Feng Y J,Yang C C,Wu P.The review of the finite-differ-ence elastic wave motion modeling[J].Chinese Journal of geo-physics(in Chinese),2007,22(2):487~491.
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