油气精细勘探的主要方法体系——地震沉积学研究
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摘要
地震沉积学是基于高密度三维地震资料、现代沉积环境、露头和钻井岩心资料建立的沉积环境模式的联合反馈,是用以识别沉积单元的三维几何形态、内部结构和沉积过程的一项新的方法体系。精细沉积建模是地震沉积学研究的基础,正演模型技术是地震沉积学研究的桥梁。地质模型约束和正演模型指导下的地球物理技术对地下地质体的精细刻画和解释是地震沉积学的主要研究手段,具体技术包括:测井约束反演技术、地层切片和属性分析技术、分频解释技术等,这些技术已经在渤海湾盆地东营凹陷和准噶尔盆地研究中得到了使用并取得良好的效果。地震沉积学将成为21世纪油气精细勘探的主要手段。
Seismic sedimentology is a new methods system using depositional environment model based of high-precision seismic data,the modern depositional environment,outcrops and cores to identify the sedimentary unit 3D geometry,the internal structure and deposition process.Fine sedimentary modeling is the base of seismic sedimentology.Forward model technique is the bridge of seismic sedimentology.The main aim is using geophysical techniques to fine describe and explain underground geological body with the geological constrained model and forward model.The key technology used in the Dongying Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin and the Junggar Basin and includes: logging constrained inversion technology,stratal slicing and attribute analysis technology,frequency decomposing technology,etc.Seismic sedi-mentology will become the 21st century's main petroleum fine exploration methods.
Seismic sedimentology is a new methods system using depositional environment model based of high-precision seismic data,the modern depositional environment,outcrops and cores to identify the sedimentary unit 3D geometry,the internal structure and deposition process.Fine sedimentary modeling is the base of seismic sedimentology.Forward model technique is the bridge of seismic sedimentology.The main aim is using geophysical techniques to fine describe and explain underground geological body with the geological constrained model and forward model.The key technology used in the Dongying Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin and the Junggar Basin and includes: logging constrained inversion technology,stratal slicing and attribute analysis technology,frequency decomposing technology,etc.Seismic sedi-mentology will become the 21st century's main petroleum fine exploration methods.
引文
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4 Bulat J.Some considerations on the interpretation of seabed ima-ges based on commercial 3D seismic in the Faroe-Shetlandchannel[J].Basin Res,2005,17:21~42
5 Neuhaus D,Borgomano J,Jauffred H-C,et al.Quantitativeseismic reservoir characterization of an Oligocene-Miocene car-bonate buildup:Malampaya filed,Philippines[A].In:Eberli GP,Anselmetti F S,Betzler C,et al,eds.Seismic imaging of car-bonate reservoirs and systems,AAPG Memoir 81[C].Tulsa:AAPG,2004.169~183
6 Lamers E,Carmichael S M M.The Paleocene deepwater sandstoneplay West of Shetland[A].In:Fleet A J,Boldy S A R,eds.Petro-leum Geology of Northwest Europe[C],Proceedings of the 5thConference.London:Geol Soc Press,1999.645~659
7 Smallwood J R,Gill C E.The rise and fall of the Faroe-Shet-land Basin:evidence from seismic mapping of the Balder For-mation[J].J Geol Soc,2003,159:627~630
8 Morgan R.Structural controls on the positioning of submarinechannels on the lower slopes of the Niger Delta[A].In:DaviesR J,Cartwright J,Stewart S A,et al,eds.3D Seismic Tech-nology:Application to the Exploration of Sedimentary Basins,Geological Society Memoir 29[C].London:Geol Soc Press,2004.45~51
9 Long D,Bulat J,Stoker M S.Seabed morphology of the Faroe-Shetland Channel derived from 3D seismic datasets[A].In:Davies R J,Cartwright J,Stewart S A,et al,eds.3D SeismicTechnology:Application to the Exploration of Sedimentary Ba-sins,Geological Society Memoir 29[C].London:Geol SocPress,2004.53~61
10 Cartwright J,Huuse M.3D seismic technology:the geolo-gi-cal‘Hubble’[J].AAPG Bull,2005,85:1373~1405
11 Brown A R,Dahm C G,Graebner R J.A stratigraphic case histo-ry using three-dimensional seismic data in the Gulf of Thailand[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1981,29(3):327~349
12 Posamentier H W,Dorn G A,Cole MJ,et al.Imaging ele-ments of depositional systems with 3-D seismic data:a casestudy[A].In:Pacht J.A,Sheriff R E,Perkins B F,eds.Stratigraphic Analysis[C],GCSEPM Foundation 17th AnnualResearch Conference,1996.213~228
2 Knutz P C,Cartwright J.Seismic stratigraphy of the WestShetlands Drift:implications for late Neogene palaeocirculationin the Faeroe-Shetland gateway[J].Palaeoceanography,2003,(4):doi:10.1029~2002
3 Posamentier,H.W.Seismic geomorphology:imaging elements ofdepositional systems from shelf to deep basin using 3D seismic data:implications for exploration and development[A].In:Davies R J,Cartwright J,Stewart S A,et al,eds.3D Seismic Technology:Application to the Exploration of Sedimentary Basins,Geol SocMem 29[C].London:Geol Soc Press,2004.11~24
4 Bulat J.Some considerations on the interpretation of seabed ima-ges based on commercial 3D seismic in the Faroe-Shetlandchannel[J].Basin Res,2005,17:21~42
5 Neuhaus D,Borgomano J,Jauffred H-C,et al.Quantitativeseismic reservoir characterization of an Oligocene-Miocene car-bonate buildup:Malampaya filed,Philippines[A].In:Eberli GP,Anselmetti F S,Betzler C,et al,eds.Seismic imaging of car-bonate reservoirs and systems,AAPG Memoir 81[C].Tulsa:AAPG,2004.169~183
6 Lamers E,Carmichael S M M.The Paleocene deepwater sandstoneplay West of Shetland[A].In:Fleet A J,Boldy S A R,eds.Petro-leum Geology of Northwest Europe[C],Proceedings of the 5thConference.London:Geol Soc Press,1999.645~659
7 Smallwood J R,Gill C E.The rise and fall of the Faroe-Shet-land Basin:evidence from seismic mapping of the Balder For-mation[J].J Geol Soc,2003,159:627~630
8 Morgan R.Structural controls on the positioning of submarinechannels on the lower slopes of the Niger Delta[A].In:DaviesR J,Cartwright J,Stewart S A,et al,eds.3D Seismic Tech-nology:Application to the Exploration of Sedimentary Basins,Geological Society Memoir 29[C].London:Geol Soc Press,2004.45~51
9 Long D,Bulat J,Stoker M S.Seabed morphology of the Faroe-Shetland Channel derived from 3D seismic datasets[A].In:Davies R J,Cartwright J,Stewart S A,et al,eds.3D SeismicTechnology:Application to the Exploration of Sedimentary Ba-sins,Geological Society Memoir 29[C].London:Geol SocPress,2004.53~61
10 Cartwright J,Huuse M.3D seismic technology:the geolo-gi-cal‘Hubble’[J].AAPG Bull,2005,85:1373~1405
11 Brown A R,Dahm C G,Graebner R J.A stratigraphic case histo-ry using three-dimensional seismic data in the Gulf of Thailand[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1981,29(3):327~349
12 Posamentier H W,Dorn G A,Cole MJ,et al.Imaging ele-ments of depositional systems with 3-D seismic data:a casestudy[A].In:Pacht J.A,Sheriff R E,Perkins B F,eds.Stratigraphic Analysis[C],GCSEPM Foundation 17th AnnualResearch Conference,1996.213~228
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