相关滤波在微地震数据处理中的应用
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摘要
由于微地震事件的频率高,持续时间短,能量小,随机噪声甚至可以淹没有用的微地震信号。在确定震源的位置、发震时刻和震源强度之前必须进行滤波处理。而常规的滤波方法在消除噪声,提高信噪比方面难以胜任。提出一种基于统计规律的多道互相关滤波方法,在消除微地震信号噪声方面取得了良好的效果。
Microseismic events are characterized by high frequency,short duration,and weak energy.They may even be smeared by random noises.It is necessary to carry out filtering before we determine the position of seismic source,and the exciting time,and strength of seismic signal.Conventional filtering is incapable of removing noises and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of microseismic record.This paper proposes using multi-channel cross-correlation filter to eliminate noises from microseismic data.The feasibility of the proposed method was demonstrated on both model and real data.
Microseismic events are characterized by high frequency,short duration,and weak energy.They may even be smeared by random noises.It is necessary to carry out filtering before we determine the position of seismic source,and the exciting time,and strength of seismic signal.Conventional filtering is incapable of removing noises and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of microseismic record.This paper proposes using multi-channel cross-correlation filter to eliminate noises from microseismic data.The feasibility of the proposed method was demonstrated on both model and real data.
引文
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18Mallat S G.Multifrequency channel dccompositins of images and wavelet modes[J].IEEE Transactions on Acoustics,Speech,Signal Processing,1989(37):2091～2110
2张山,刘清林,赵群等.微地震监测技术在油田开发中的应用[J].石油物探,2002,41(2):226～231
3Lee S K,White P R.The enhancement of impulsive noise and vibration signals for fault detection in rota-ting and reciprocating machinery[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1998,217(3):485～505
4Rutledge J T,Phillips WS,House L S,et al.Micro-seismic mapping of a Cotton Valley Hydraulic fractureusing decimated downhole arrays[J].Expanded Ab-stracts of68thAnnual International SEG Meeting,1998,338～341
5Maxwell S C,Urbancic TI,Prince M,et al.Identif-ying fracture patterns in microseismic data sets[J].CSPG/CSEGJoint Convention,2003,2～6
6Milkereit B,Bohlen T,Adam E,et al.Reservoir ima-ging monitoring:A modeling study[J].EAGE64th Conference&Exhibition-Florence,Italy,2002,27～30
7Brie A,Pampuri F,Marsala A F,et al.Shear sonic interpretation in gas-bearing sands[J].SPE,1995,30595
8Linville A F,Meek R A.A procedure for optimally removing localized coherent noise[J].Geophysics,1995,60(1):191～203
9Reiter R C,Toksoz M N,Purdy G M.A semblance guided median filter[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1993,41:15～41
10胡广书.数字信号处理——理论、算法与实现[M].第2版.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.460～524
11Liu Xuewei.Ground roll suppression using the Kar-hunen-Loeve transform[J].Geophysics,1999,64(2):564～566
12蔡希玲.声波和强能干扰的分频自适应检测与压制方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(4):373～380
13俞卞章.数字信号处理[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2002.1～330
14Strung G,Nguyen T.Wavelet and Filter Banks[M].Wellesley:Wellesley College,1996.490
15罗延钟,陈北文.利用多剖面互相关处理在随机干扰背景上划分有用异常[J].地质与勘探,1985,21(3):42～48
16刘红星,林京,屈粱生等.信号时域平均处理中的若干问题探讨[J].振动工程学报,1997,10(4):446～450
17Xia Xianggen.On bandlimited signals with fractional Fourier transform[J].IEEE Signal Processing Letter,1996,3(3):72～74
18Mallat S G.Multifrequency channel dccompositins of images and wavelet modes[J].IEEE Transactions on Acoustics,Speech,Signal Processing,1989(37):2091～2110
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