基于地震勘探的海洋工程地质勘察
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摘要
海洋工程灾害荷载作用下的安全性成为当今海洋科学研究的重点内容之一。海洋工程的工程地质参数是海洋工程设计最基本的资料,本文的研究目的是探讨一种获取近海海洋工程的工程地质资料的简单、快捷的方法,以降低海洋工程地质勘察高费用,缩短获取资料的周期。本文采用的方法是利用获取的人工地震和天然地震信息应用波动方程方法来反演近海海洋工程所需的地层结构参数和相关的岩土力学参数。主要研究内容包括六个方面:1）海洋三维地震勘探的几个技术难点;2）利用小波变换技术的地震信息叠前处理优化算法;3）利用面波信息的近海海洋地层结构的波动方程反演算法和算法优化;4）利用P、S波信息的组成地层的岩土力学参数反演算法和算法优化。本文研究成果将大大减少近海海洋工程地质勘察的费用,缩短勘察周期,从而提高勘察的效益。
In order to ensure the safety of ocean engineering, the engineering geology survey, which is the sole way to provide maximum basic geological and geotechnical information for designing and building ocean engineering, is one of the important basic elements. The engineering geology survey in ocean based on high-resolution seismic exploration is a new and key question for study, and it is rapidly developed in recent years. The paper presents some key problems in high - resolution seismic exploration, which include the patterns of hypocenter, sampling technique, observation method, data transmitting technique, and signal processing techniques. In this paper, the Wavelet transform method is applied to eliminate noises in the prestack seismic data processing. A new reversion algorithm based on surface wave is put forward to identify the stratum structure. The key physical and mechanical parameters are inversed based on data of P or S wave.
In order to ensure the safety of ocean engineering, the engineering geology survey, which is the sole way to provide maximum basic geological and geotechnical information for designing and building ocean engineering, is one of the important basic elements. The engineering geology survey in ocean based on high-resolution seismic exploration is a new and key question for study, and it is rapidly developed in recent years. The paper presents some key problems in high - resolution seismic exploration, which include the patterns of hypocenter, sampling technique, observation method, data transmitting technique, and signal processing techniques. In this paper, the Wavelet transform method is applied to eliminate noises in the prestack seismic data processing. A new reversion algorithm based on surface wave is put forward to identify the stratum structure. The key physical and mechanical parameters are inversed based on data of P or S wave.
引文
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[3]牛华伟,等. Uniqueness及其在海洋三维地震勘探中的应用[J].石油物探,2001,40（1）:82-87.
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[8]杨忠民,等,小波变换在提高资料的信躁比和分辨率中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29（5）:623-629.
[9]刘财,等.小波变换在高分辩率地震勘探数据处理中的应用[J].长春地质学院学报,1996,26（1）:78-82.
[10]常新伟,等.叠前干扰分流技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32（增1）:157-164.
[11]耿建华,等.波动方程有限差分法叠前深度漂移[J].地球物理学报,1998,41（3）:392-399.
[12]何樵登.地震勘探原理与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1986.
[13]何兵寿,等.三维波动方程的数值频散关系及其叠前和叠后数值模拟[J].石油大学学报,2001,25（1）:67-71.
[2]霍全明,等.高分辨率地震勘探数据采集及其影响因素分析[J].煤炭学报,2001,26（2）:117-121.
[3]牛华伟,等. Uniqueness及其在海洋三维地震勘探中的应用[J].石油物探,2001,40（1）:82-87.
[4]王庆海,徐明才.抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.
[5]孙思萍.水下声传输数据通讯技术研究[J].海洋技术,2001,20（2）:6-8.
[6]夏洪瑞,等.小波分析及其在去躁中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29（3）:274-276.
[7]罗省贤,李录明.几种叠前去躁方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32（3）:411-417.
[8]杨忠民,等,小波变换在提高资料的信躁比和分辨率中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29（5）:623-629.
[9]刘财,等.小波变换在高分辩率地震勘探数据处理中的应用[J].长春地质学院学报,1996,26（1）:78-82.
[10]常新伟,等.叠前干扰分流技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32（增1）:157-164.
[11]耿建华,等.波动方程有限差分法叠前深度漂移[J].地球物理学报,1998,41（3）:392-399.
[12]何樵登.地震勘探原理与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1986.
[13]何兵寿,等.三维波动方程的数值频散关系及其叠前和叠后数值模拟[J].石油大学学报,2001,25（1）:67-71.
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