“5.12”汶川M_S8.0大地震后关于我国区域地壳稳定性评价的思考
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摘要
汶川大地震引起我们对区域地壳稳定性调查评价新的思考。本文简要介绍了我国区域地壳稳定性评价的理论基础(‘安全岛’理论、地质结构控制论、区域稳定工程地质学理论、‘场’论以及其他理论和观点)和初步形成的系统化、层次化、定量化、智能化区域地壳稳定性评价方法技术,指出区域地壳稳定性评价应向小区划和四维发展,为工程建设服务。最终编写、出版中华人民共和国国家标准-区域地壳稳定性评价规范,建立区域地壳稳定性评价体系;编制、发布、实施中华人民共和国国家标准-区域地壳稳定性评价区划图(1∶400万),形成区域地壳稳定性评价国家平台,作为国土规划和工程安全建设的法制性依据和标准。
A new consideration and knowledge on regional crustal stability assessment was awoken by the M_S8.0 Wenchuan earthquake in China.This paper thoroughly introduces the basic theories of regional crustal stability assessment in China,including 'safety island' theory,geological texture control theory,regional stability engineering geology theory and 'field' theory,and the systemic,hierarchical,quantitative and intelligent methodology and technology.In order to better serve engineering construction,the regional stability evaluation develop towards micro-zonation and 4-dimension level.At last,the regional crustal stability assessment standards of People's Republic of China should be afforded and published to establish regional crustal stability assessment system in China.Meanwhile,the regional crustal stability assessment zonation map of China should be compiled to build up the regional crustal stability national platform and to be adopted as the standards for land plan and engineering safety construction.
A new consideration and knowledge on regional crustal stability assessment was awoken by the M_S8.0 Wenchuan earthquake in China.This paper thoroughly introduces the basic theories of regional crustal stability assessment in China,including 'safety island' theory,geological texture control theory,regional stability engineering geology theory and 'field' theory,and the systemic,hierarchical,quantitative and intelligent methodology and technology.In order to better serve engineering construction,the regional stability evaluation develop towards micro-zonation and 4-dimension level.At last,the regional crustal stability assessment standards of People's Republic of China should be afforded and published to establish regional crustal stability assessment system in China.Meanwhile,the regional crustal stability assessment zonation map of China should be compiled to build up the regional crustal stability national platform and to be adopted as the standards for land plan and engineering safety construction.
引文
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[5]张永双,雷伟志,石菊松,等.四川5.12地震次生地质灾害的基本特征初析[J].地质力学学报,2008,14(2):109~116.ZHANG Yong-shuang,LEI Wei-zhi,SHI Ju-song,et al.General characteristics of 5.12 earthquake-induced geo-hazards inSichuan[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2008,14(2):109~116.
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[8]彭华,马秀敏,姜景捷.龙门山北端青川断层附近应力测量与断层稳定性[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):114~130.PENG Hua,MA Xiumin,JIANG Jingjie Stability and stress measurement near the Qingchuan fault in the northern LongmenMountains[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):114~130.
[9]王连捷,周春景,孙东生,等.汶川5.12地震引起的库仑应力变化及其对周边地震活动的影响[J].地质力学学报,2008,14(3):193~200.WANGLian-jie,ZHOU Chun-jing,SUN Dong-sheng,et al.Coulomb stress changes caused by Wenchuan earthquake and itsinfluence on seismic activityinthe adjacent area[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2008,14(3):193~200.
[10]王连捷,崔军文,周春景,等.汶川5.12地震发震机理的数值模拟[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):105~113.WANGLian-jie,CUI Jun-wen,ZHOU Chun-jing,et al.Numerical modeling of Wenchuan 5.12 earthquake mechanism[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):105~113.
[11]Barosh PJ.Earthquake hazards in eastern United States[A].In:CHENQing-xuan.Proceedings of regional crustal stability andgeological hazards(Vol.1)[C].Beijing:China Daily Press,1987.
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[14]谷德振.岩体工程地质力学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.GUDe-zhen.Geomechanical basis in rockmass engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,1979.
[15]王思敬,黄鼎成.中国工程地质世纪成就[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.WANGSi-jing,HUANG Ding-cheng.Century achievementsin engineering geologyin China[M].Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,2004.
[16]孙广忠.岩体结构力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.SUNGuang-zhong.Rockmass structural mechanism[M].Beijing:Science Press,1988.
[17]李兴唐,许兵,黄鼎成,等.区域地壳稳定性研究理论与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1987.LI Xing-tang,XUBing,HUANG Ding-cheng,et al.Theory and method of regional crustal stability research[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1987.
[18]刘国昌.区域稳定工程地质[M].长春:吉林大学出版社,1993.LIUGuo-chang.Engineering geology of regional stability[M].Changchun:Jilin University Press,1993.
[19]陈庆宣.探索区域地壳稳定性评价途径[J].第四纪研究,1992,(4):289~292.CHENQing-xuan.An approachto assessment of regional crustal stability[J].Quaternary Sciences,1992,(4):289~292.
[20]孙叶,谭成轩,李开善,等.区域地壳稳定性定量化评价[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.SUNYe,TAN Cheng-xuan,LI Kai-shan,et al.Quantitative evaluation of regional crustal stability[M].Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House,1998.
[21]吴树仁,陈庆宣,孙叶.我国区域地壳稳定性研究的新进展[J].地质力学学报,1995,1(1):31~37.WUShu-ren,CHEN Qing-xuan,SUN Ye.Recent progress of the study on regional crustal stability in China[J].Journal ofGeomechanics,1995,1(1):31~37.
[22]吴树仁,韩金良,石菊松,等.区域地壳稳定性研究现状和发展趋势[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(增刊):26~30.WUShu-ren,HANJin-liang,SHI Ju-song,et al.Progress and develop trend of the study on regional crustal stability in China[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2004,12(Supp.):26~30.
[23]Tan Cheng-xuan,Sun Ye,Wang Ruijiang,et al.Quantitative assessment andzonationof regional crustal stabilityinthe damregionof the Three Gorges Project onthe Yangtze River andits vicinity[J].Environmental Geology,1997,32(4):285~295.
[24]CHENQing-xuan.Proceedings of Regional Crustal Stability and Geological Hazards(Vol.1)[C].Beijing:China Daily Press,1987.
[25]CHENQing-xuan.Proceedings of Regional Crustal Stability and Geological Hazards(Vol.2)[C].Beijing:China Daily Press,1989.
[26]CHENQing-xuan.Proceedings of Regional Crustal Stability and Geological Hazards(Vol.3)[C].Beijing:Seismological Press,1991.
[27]地质矿产部《深圳市区域稳定性评价》编写组.深圳市区域稳定性评价[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.Writing Group of《Evaluation of regional stability of Shenzhen City》.Evaluation of regional stability of Shenzhen City[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1991.
[28]袁登维,梅应堂,秦兴黎,等.长江三峡工程坝区及外围地壳稳定性研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996.YUAN Deng-wei,MEI Ying-tang,QINXing-li,et al.Researchonregional crustal stabilityin and around damregion of the ThreeGorges Project onthe Yangtze River[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1996.
[29]张文佑.断块构造导论[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1984.ZHANG Wen-you.Introduction of fault blocktectonics[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,1984.
[30]刘传正,胡海涛.工程选址的“安全岛”多级逼近与优选理论[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1993,4(1):28~37,62.LIUChuan-zheng,HUHai-tao.The“safety island”theory by multi-scale approaching and optimumseeking in engineering siteselection[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,1993,4(1):28~37,62.
[31]彭建兵,毛彦龙,范文,等.区域稳定动力学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.PENGJian-bing,MAO Yan-long,FAN Wen,et al.Research on dynamics of the regional stability[M].Beijing:Science Press,2001.
[32]殷跃平,胡海涛,康宏达.重大工程选址区域地壳稳定性评价专家系统(CRUSTAB)[M].北京:地质出版社,1992.YIN Yue-ping,HUHai-tao,KANG Hong-da.Expert systemof regional crustal stability assessment insite selection of great project[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1992.
[33]中华人民共和国地质矿产部.ZB/D14002-89(1∶10万~1∶20万)工程地质调查规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1990.Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources of PRC.ZB/D14002-89(1∶100000-1∶200000)Engineering geologic survey criteria[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1990.
[2]李四光.论地震[M].北京:地质出版社,1977.LI Si-guang.On earthquake[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1977.
[3]李四光.地震地质[M].北京:科学出版社,1973.LI Si-guang.Seismogeology[M].Beijing:Science Press,1973.
[4]姚鑫,张永双.基于差分干涉雷达的汶川地震同震形变特点[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):151~161.YAOXin,ZHANG Yong-shuang.Co-seismic deformation of 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake based on D-InSAR[J].Journal ofGeomechanics,2009,15(2):151~161.
[5]张永双,雷伟志,石菊松,等.四川5.12地震次生地质灾害的基本特征初析[J].地质力学学报,2008,14(2):109~116.ZHANG Yong-shuang,LEI Wei-zhi,SHI Ju-song,et al.General characteristics of 5.12 earthquake-induced geo-hazards inSichuan[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2008,14(2):109~116.
[6]张永双,石菊松,孙萍,等.汶川地震内外动力耦合及灾害实例[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):131~141.ZHANG Yong-shuang,SHI Ju-song,SUNPing,et al.General manifestation of coupling processes between endogenic and exogenicgeological processes in 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal!of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):131~141.
[7]彭华,马秀敏,姜景捷.山丹地应力监测站体应变仪的地震效应[J].地质力学学报,2008,14(2):97~108.PENG Hua,MAXiu-min,JIANGJing-jie.Analysis of the volume strain data fromthe Shandanin-situ stress Monitoring Station[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2008,14(2):97~108.
[8]彭华,马秀敏,姜景捷.龙门山北端青川断层附近应力测量与断层稳定性[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):114~130.PENG Hua,MA Xiumin,JIANG Jingjie Stability and stress measurement near the Qingchuan fault in the northern LongmenMountains[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):114~130.
[9]王连捷,周春景,孙东生,等.汶川5.12地震引起的库仑应力变化及其对周边地震活动的影响[J].地质力学学报,2008,14(3):193~200.WANGLian-jie,ZHOU Chun-jing,SUN Dong-sheng,et al.Coulomb stress changes caused by Wenchuan earthquake and itsinfluence on seismic activityinthe adjacent area[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2008,14(3):193~200.
[10]王连捷,崔军文,周春景,等.汶川5.12地震发震机理的数值模拟[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):105~113.WANGLian-jie,CUI Jun-wen,ZHOU Chun-jing,et al.Numerical modeling of Wenchuan 5.12 earthquake mechanism[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):105~113.
[11]Barosh PJ.Earthquake hazards in eastern United States[A].In:CHENQing-xuan.Proceedings of regional crustal stability andgeological hazards(Vol.1)[C].Beijing:China Daily Press,1987.
[12]Evision F.Seismic hazards assessment in continental areas[A].In:The Organizing Committee of ISCSEP.Acollection of papersof international symposiumon continental seismicity and earthquake prediction[C].Beijing:Seismological Press,1984.
[13]胡海涛.广东核电站规划选址区域地壳稳定性分析与评价[M].北京:中国档案出版社,1988.HUHai-tao.Analysis and evaluation of regional crustal stabilityin nuclear power plant site selectionin Guangdong[M].Beijing:China Archives Press,1988.
[14]谷德振.岩体工程地质力学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.GUDe-zhen.Geomechanical basis in rockmass engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,1979.
[15]王思敬,黄鼎成.中国工程地质世纪成就[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.WANGSi-jing,HUANG Ding-cheng.Century achievementsin engineering geologyin China[M].Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,2004.
[16]孙广忠.岩体结构力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.SUNGuang-zhong.Rockmass structural mechanism[M].Beijing:Science Press,1988.
[17]李兴唐,许兵,黄鼎成,等.区域地壳稳定性研究理论与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1987.LI Xing-tang,XUBing,HUANG Ding-cheng,et al.Theory and method of regional crustal stability research[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1987.
[18]刘国昌.区域稳定工程地质[M].长春:吉林大学出版社,1993.LIUGuo-chang.Engineering geology of regional stability[M].Changchun:Jilin University Press,1993.
[19]陈庆宣.探索区域地壳稳定性评价途径[J].第四纪研究,1992,(4):289~292.CHENQing-xuan.An approachto assessment of regional crustal stability[J].Quaternary Sciences,1992,(4):289~292.
[20]孙叶,谭成轩,李开善,等.区域地壳稳定性定量化评价[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.SUNYe,TAN Cheng-xuan,LI Kai-shan,et al.Quantitative evaluation of regional crustal stability[M].Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House,1998.
[21]吴树仁,陈庆宣,孙叶.我国区域地壳稳定性研究的新进展[J].地质力学学报,1995,1(1):31~37.WUShu-ren,CHEN Qing-xuan,SUN Ye.Recent progress of the study on regional crustal stability in China[J].Journal ofGeomechanics,1995,1(1):31~37.
[22]吴树仁,韩金良,石菊松,等.区域地壳稳定性研究现状和发展趋势[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(增刊):26~30.WUShu-ren,HANJin-liang,SHI Ju-song,et al.Progress and develop trend of the study on regional crustal stability in China[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2004,12(Supp.):26~30.
[23]Tan Cheng-xuan,Sun Ye,Wang Ruijiang,et al.Quantitative assessment andzonationof regional crustal stabilityinthe damregionof the Three Gorges Project onthe Yangtze River andits vicinity[J].Environmental Geology,1997,32(4):285~295.
[24]CHENQing-xuan.Proceedings of Regional Crustal Stability and Geological Hazards(Vol.1)[C].Beijing:China Daily Press,1987.
[25]CHENQing-xuan.Proceedings of Regional Crustal Stability and Geological Hazards(Vol.2)[C].Beijing:China Daily Press,1989.
[26]CHENQing-xuan.Proceedings of Regional Crustal Stability and Geological Hazards(Vol.3)[C].Beijing:Seismological Press,1991.
[27]地质矿产部《深圳市区域稳定性评价》编写组.深圳市区域稳定性评价[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.Writing Group of《Evaluation of regional stability of Shenzhen City》.Evaluation of regional stability of Shenzhen City[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1991.
[28]袁登维,梅应堂,秦兴黎,等.长江三峡工程坝区及外围地壳稳定性研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996.YUAN Deng-wei,MEI Ying-tang,QINXing-li,et al.Researchonregional crustal stabilityin and around damregion of the ThreeGorges Project onthe Yangtze River[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1996.
[29]张文佑.断块构造导论[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1984.ZHANG Wen-you.Introduction of fault blocktectonics[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,1984.
[30]刘传正,胡海涛.工程选址的“安全岛”多级逼近与优选理论[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1993,4(1):28~37,62.LIUChuan-zheng,HUHai-tao.The“safety island”theory by multi-scale approaching and optimumseeking in engineering siteselection[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,1993,4(1):28~37,62.
[31]彭建兵,毛彦龙,范文,等.区域稳定动力学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.PENGJian-bing,MAO Yan-long,FAN Wen,et al.Research on dynamics of the regional stability[M].Beijing:Science Press,2001.
[32]殷跃平,胡海涛,康宏达.重大工程选址区域地壳稳定性评价专家系统(CRUSTAB)[M].北京:地质出版社,1992.YIN Yue-ping,HUHai-tao,KANG Hong-da.Expert systemof regional crustal stability assessment insite selection of great project[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1992.
[33]中华人民共和国地质矿产部.ZB/D14002-89(1∶10万~1∶20万)工程地质调查规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1990.Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources of PRC.ZB/D14002-89(1∶100000-1∶200000)Engineering geologic survey criteria[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1990.
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