基于偏移/反偏移的地震数据映射方法

英文篇名：Seismic data mapping based on migration/inverse-migration
中文刊名：石油地球物理勘探
英文刊名：Oil Geophysical Prospecting
作者：杨锴 ; 王毓玮 ; 王华忠 ; 冯闯
英文作者：Yang Kai ; Wang Yu-wei ; Wang Hua-zhong and Feng Chuang. Yang Kai ; Reflection Seismic Science Group ; College of Ocean and Earth Science ; Tongji University ; Shanghai City ; 200092 ; China
中文关键词：地震数据映射 ; 叠前时间偏移/反偏移 ; 相干加强
英文关键词：seismic data mapping ; prestack time migration/inverse-migration ; coherent processing
出版日期：2008-02-15
机构：上海市同济大学海洋与地球科学学院反射地震科学组海洋地质国家重点实验室,同济大学海洋与地球科学学院,同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,同济大学海洋与地球科学学院,同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,四川石油管理局地球物理勘探公司,,200092
年：2008
期：01
出版单位：石油地球物理勘探

摘要

基于宏观速度场的数据映射理论在地震数据处理中得到了广泛应用,其中叠前偏移/反偏移是最适宜于提高叠前成像质量的数据映射手段。面对低信噪比地震资料,本文采用叠前时间偏移/反偏移作为数据映射工具,将常规预处理后的地震数据通过初始的偏移速度场进行叠前时间偏移映射到成像空间,然后在该空间内实施合理的相干加强处理之后再用同一个速度场将其反偏移回到叠前数据空间。数值计算和实际资料应用结果表明:由于叠前时间偏移/反偏移这一对算子具有良好的共轭性质,采用叠加速度作为偏移速度场也不会造成地震数据的畸变。文中提出两种处理流程A和B,两种流程均要做相干加强处理,均可得到可靠的速度分析和成像结果。
The data mapping theory based on micro velocity field is widely used in seismic data processing,among which the migration/inverse-migration is data mapping tools most suitable to improve the quality of prestack imaging data.Facing the seismic data of low S/N ratio,the paper used prestack time migration/inverse-migration for data mapping tool,takes ordinary preprocessed seismic data to carry out prestack time migration by initial migration velocity field,which is mapped into imaging space,then,the data is back to prestack data space by inverse-migration using same velocity field as before after reasonable coherent processing in imaging space.The numeric computation and application of practical data showed that since a pair of operators of migration/inverse-migration has good conjugate property,using stack velocity for migration velocity field does not cause distortion for seismic data; two processing flows A and B are presented in the paper,which need to do coherent processing and can get reliable velocity analysis and imaging results.

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