适于复杂断块的地震资料叠前时间偏移处理技术——以泌阳凹陷为例
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摘要
泌阳凹陷北部斜坡带构造复杂,小断块发育,地震纵、横向速度变化剧烈,成像困难,常规的地震成像方法成果难以满足勘探开发的需要。采用弯曲射线叠前时间偏移技术使小断块准确偏移归位,其走时方程更接近层状介质地震波的真实传播路径,成像聚焦更精确,且通过特殊振幅处理,其偏移结果有很好的保幅性,输出的道集可以用于岩性分析和反演研究。经实际应用,获得了较高质量的成像剖面,通过综合解释,对泌阳凹陷北部斜坡带断裂特征取得了新认识,发现了一批新圈闭,经钻探见到了良好的油气显示。
The slope zone in northern Biyang sag is characterized by complex structure,developed minor fault blocks,varied seismic vertical and horizontal velocities and difficult to get imaging,which result in that conventional imaging approaches are hard to meet the needs for exploration and development of this area.This paper presents the prestack time migration to curved rays for minor fault blocks,which is of more accurate migration,allowing the travel-time equation to be more close to the real pathway of layered media seismic wave propagation,the focused imaging to be more precise,the migrated results to be of good preserved amplitude processing property and the output trace gathers to be used for the lithologic analysis and inversion study.Case study shows that by this approach the imaging profiles with higher quality can be obtained,hence new recognitions of faults are gained,new traps are discovered and good oil shows in slope belt of northern Biyang sag have been encountered by drilling.
The slope zone in northern Biyang sag is characterized by complex structure,developed minor fault blocks,varied seismic vertical and horizontal velocities and difficult to get imaging,which result in that conventional imaging approaches are hard to meet the needs for exploration and development of this area.This paper presents the prestack time migration to curved rays for minor fault blocks,which is of more accurate migration,allowing the travel-time equation to be more close to the real pathway of layered media seismic wave propagation,the focused imaging to be more precise,the migrated results to be of good preserved amplitude processing property and the output trace gathers to be used for the lithologic analysis and inversion study.Case study shows that by this approach the imaging profiles with higher quality can be obtained,hence new recognitions of faults are gained,new traps are discovered and good oil shows in slope belt of northern Biyang sag have been encountered by drilling.
引文
[1]李振春,张凯.共聚焦点偏移成像方法研究[J].石油物探,2003,3(1):16-21.
[2]祝文亮,刘俊杰.三维叠前深度偏移技术在千米桥潜山勘探中的应用与效果[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):86-92.
[3]陈宝书.地震资料叠前偏移处理技术应用[J].中国海上油气,2001,15(5):361-362.
[4]张文生,宁海斌.双平方根算子波场外推叠前偏移速度分析[J].石油物探,2004,7(4):313-318.
[5]王者顺,樊桂芳.叠前逐层成像速度建模方法及其应用[J].石油物探,2004,7(4):383-387.
[6]刘治凡,毛海波.复杂地表区基准面和静校正方法的选择[J].石油物探,2003,6(2):240-247.
[7]王克斌,赵灵芝.折射静校正在苏里格气田三维处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2003,2(2):248-251.
[8]胡天跃.地震资料叠前去噪技术的现状与未来[J].地球物理学进展,2002,6(2):218-223.
[9]夏洪瑞,周开明.地震资料处理中相干干扰消除方法分析[J].石油物探,2003,12(4):526-529.
[10]王西文,高静怀.高分辨率地震资料处理中导数小波函数的构造[J].石油物探,2000,6(2):64-76.
[11]王振国,汪文华.小波包相关阀值去噪[J].石油物探,2002,12(4):400-405.
[2]祝文亮,刘俊杰.三维叠前深度偏移技术在千米桥潜山勘探中的应用与效果[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):86-92.
[3]陈宝书.地震资料叠前偏移处理技术应用[J].中国海上油气,2001,15(5):361-362.
[4]张文生,宁海斌.双平方根算子波场外推叠前偏移速度分析[J].石油物探,2004,7(4):313-318.
[5]王者顺,樊桂芳.叠前逐层成像速度建模方法及其应用[J].石油物探,2004,7(4):383-387.
[6]刘治凡,毛海波.复杂地表区基准面和静校正方法的选择[J].石油物探,2003,6(2):240-247.
[7]王克斌,赵灵芝.折射静校正在苏里格气田三维处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2003,2(2):248-251.
[8]胡天跃.地震资料叠前去噪技术的现状与未来[J].地球物理学进展,2002,6(2):218-223.
[9]夏洪瑞,周开明.地震资料处理中相干干扰消除方法分析[J].石油物探,2003,12(4):526-529.
[10]王西文,高静怀.高分辨率地震资料处理中导数小波函数的构造[J].石油物探,2000,6(2):64-76.
[11]王振国,汪文华.小波包相关阀值去噪[J].石油物探,2002,12(4):400-405.
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