5.12汶川地震堰塞湖危险性应急评估
|
摘要
5.12汶川地震诱发了33处堰塞湖,威胁下游居民安全。根据收集数据情况,选择堰塞湖的坝高、最大库容和坝体结构作为分级指标,建立了单个堰塞湖溃决危险性评估方法,对21个重点堰塞湖进行应急危险性评估,初步评估为1个处于极高危险、7个处于高危险、5个处于中危险、8个处于低危险。考虑同一流域堰塞湖群的联动效应,建立了流域堰塞湖危险性评估方法,相应提高部分堰塞湖的危险等级。为了方便排险安排,给出了高危险堰塞湖的危险性次序,从高到低依次有唐家山、老鹰岩、南坝、小岗剑上、肖家桥、唐家湾、罐子铺和岩羊滩。由于评估时间紧迫,最后提出了此次评估中存在的问题,并提出了改进建议。
The 33 dammed lakes induced by the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12 are threatening thousands of people downstream.According to the field survey, we choose the dam height, the largest reservoir capacity and the dam body structure of dammed lakes as the indexes.We set up a hazard assessment method for the bursting of a single dammed lake and take an emergency risk assessment of the 21 key dammed lakes.The result shows that the number of dammed lakes whose risk degree is very high, high, medium and low respectively is 1, 7, 5 and 8 correspondingly.Considering the interaction of a group of dammed lakes along the same river, we have set up the hazard assessment method of dammed lakes for a drainage area and re-assessed some of dammed lakes accordingly.The hazard order of high-risk dammed lakes, from high to low, is Tangjiashan, Laoyingyan, Nanba, Xiaogangjianshang, Xiaojiaqiao, Tangjiawan, Guanzipu and Yanyangtan.Finally, the problems involved in the assessment are indicated for further research.
The 33 dammed lakes induced by the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12 are threatening thousands of people downstream.According to the field survey, we choose the dam height, the largest reservoir capacity and the dam body structure of dammed lakes as the indexes.We set up a hazard assessment method for the bursting of a single dammed lake and take an emergency risk assessment of the 21 key dammed lakes.The result shows that the number of dammed lakes whose risk degree is very high, high, medium and low respectively is 1, 7, 5 and 8 correspondingly.Considering the interaction of a group of dammed lakes along the same river, we have set up the hazard assessment method of dammed lakes for a drainage area and re-assessed some of dammed lakes accordingly.The hazard order of high-risk dammed lakes, from high to low, is Tangjiashan, Laoyingyan, Nanba, Xiaogangjianshang, Xiaojiaqiao, Tangjiawan, Guanzipu and Yanyangtan.Finally, the problems involved in the assessment are indicated for further research.
引文
[1]Seismological Bureau of Sichuan Province.Diexi Earthquake in1933[M].Chengdu:Science and Technology Press of Si-chuan,1983(in Chinese).
[2]Jin WZ,Tang LJ,Yang K M,et al.Progress and problem of study on characters of the Longmen mountain thrust belt[J].Geological Review,2008,54(1):37-46(in Chinese).
[3]Jin WZ,Tang LJ,Yang K M,et al.Deformation and zona-tion of the Longmenshan fold and thrust zone in the western Sichuan basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(8):1073-1080(in Chinese).
[4]Liu S G,Luo Z L,Dai S L,et al.The uplift of the Long-menshan thrust belt and subsidence of the western Sichuan foreland basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1995,69(3):205-214(in Chinese).
[5]Chen X Q,Cui P,Yang Z,et al.Risk assessment of glacier lake outburst in Poqu river basin of Tibet Autonomous Re-gion[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2007,29(4):509-516(in Chinese).
[6]Chen X Q,Chen N S,Cui P.Calculation of discharge debris flowinduced by glacier lake outburst[J].Journal of Glaciolo-gy and Geocryology,2004,26(3):357-362(in Chinese).
[7]Luo J J,Wang S G,Zhang J,et al.The projects for control-ling debris flowat the lower reaches of the Jiangjia ravine and the i mproving suggestions[J].J of Mountain Research,1987,5(4):14-18(in Chinese).
[8]Cui P,Zhong D L,Li Y.Landslide and debris flowin Zezu,Meigu county,Sichuan province[J].J of Mountain Re-search,1997,15(4):282-287(in Chinese).
[1]四川省地震局.1933年叠溪地震[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1983.
[2]金文正,汤良杰,杨克明,等.龙门山冲断带构造特征研究主要进展及存在问题探讨[J].地质评论,2008,54(1):37-46.
[3]金文正,汤良杰,杨克明,等.川西龙门山褶皱冲断带分带性变形特征[J].地质学报,2007,81(8):1073-1080.
[4]刘树根,罗志立,戴苏兰,等.龙门山冲断带的隆升和川西前陆盆地的沉降[J].地质学报,1995,69(3):205-214.
[5]陈晓清,崔鹏,杨忠,等.喜马拉雅山中段波曲流域近期冰湖溃决危险性分析与评估[J].冰川冻土,2007,29(4):509-516.
[6]陈晓清,陈宁生,崔鹏.冰川终碛湖溃决泥石流流量计算[J].冰川冻土,2004,26(3):357-362.
[7]罗家骥,王士革,张军,等.蒋家沟下游泥石流治理工程及改进措施[J].山地学报,1987,5(4):14-18.
[8]崔鹏,钟敦伦,李泳.四川美姑则租滑坡泥石流[J].山地学报,1997,15(4):282-287.
[2]Jin WZ,Tang LJ,Yang K M,et al.Progress and problem of study on characters of the Longmen mountain thrust belt[J].Geological Review,2008,54(1):37-46(in Chinese).
[3]Jin WZ,Tang LJ,Yang K M,et al.Deformation and zona-tion of the Longmenshan fold and thrust zone in the western Sichuan basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(8):1073-1080(in Chinese).
[4]Liu S G,Luo Z L,Dai S L,et al.The uplift of the Long-menshan thrust belt and subsidence of the western Sichuan foreland basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1995,69(3):205-214(in Chinese).
[5]Chen X Q,Cui P,Yang Z,et al.Risk assessment of glacier lake outburst in Poqu river basin of Tibet Autonomous Re-gion[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2007,29(4):509-516(in Chinese).
[6]Chen X Q,Chen N S,Cui P.Calculation of discharge debris flowinduced by glacier lake outburst[J].Journal of Glaciolo-gy and Geocryology,2004,26(3):357-362(in Chinese).
[7]Luo J J,Wang S G,Zhang J,et al.The projects for control-ling debris flowat the lower reaches of the Jiangjia ravine and the i mproving suggestions[J].J of Mountain Research,1987,5(4):14-18(in Chinese).
[8]Cui P,Zhong D L,Li Y.Landslide and debris flowin Zezu,Meigu county,Sichuan province[J].J of Mountain Re-search,1997,15(4):282-287(in Chinese).
[1]四川省地震局.1933年叠溪地震[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1983.
[2]金文正,汤良杰,杨克明,等.龙门山冲断带构造特征研究主要进展及存在问题探讨[J].地质评论,2008,54(1):37-46.
[3]金文正,汤良杰,杨克明,等.川西龙门山褶皱冲断带分带性变形特征[J].地质学报,2007,81(8):1073-1080.
[4]刘树根,罗志立,戴苏兰,等.龙门山冲断带的隆升和川西前陆盆地的沉降[J].地质学报,1995,69(3):205-214.
[5]陈晓清,崔鹏,杨忠,等.喜马拉雅山中段波曲流域近期冰湖溃决危险性分析与评估[J].冰川冻土,2007,29(4):509-516.
[6]陈晓清,陈宁生,崔鹏.冰川终碛湖溃决泥石流流量计算[J].冰川冻土,2004,26(3):357-362.
[7]罗家骥,王士革,张军,等.蒋家沟下游泥石流治理工程及改进措施[J].山地学报,1987,5(4):14-18.
[8]崔鹏,钟敦伦,李泳.四川美姑则租滑坡泥石流[J].山地学报,1997,15(4):282-287.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心