新疆巴楚和塔什库尔干地震台下方地壳结构研究
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摘要
利用位于新疆塔里木盆地的巴楚地震台(BCH)和西昆仑山区的塔什库尔干地震台(TAG)多年记录的高质量远震波形数据,应用接收函数Η-κ叠加方法研究了台站下方的地壳结构。研究结果显示,BCH和TAG地震台下方地壳厚度差异分明,区域地壳厚度与地形有很好的对应关系;两个台都具有高的地壳平均波速比VP/VS值。BCH台下方的地壳厚度为44 km、地壳内的平均波速比为1.849,在该台地壳中部21 km处存在清晰的间断面,该间断面内存在低的平均P波波速和VP/VS值,该间断面的深度与邻近巴楚台的伽师震源区的精确定位的震源深度下界面一致,可能为地壳内的脆-韧转换带。TAG台下方的地壳厚度为69 km,地壳内的平均波速比为1.847,较厚的地壳和高波速比可能表明该台下地壳的物质易于发生塑性流动,为地壳的变形和增厚创造了条件。
Using Η-κ receive function to search lower crust below Bachu and Taxkorgan station with high quality teleseismic records.The results show: there is a corresponding relationship between regional crustal thickness and terrain but crustal thickness in two stations are quite different;the VP/VS value in two stations are higher than normal;crustal thickness and wave velocity ratio in Bachu are forty four kilometers and 1.849 while there is an obvious fault at depth of twenty one kilometers with low ratio and is corresponding with lower interface of focal depth in Jiashi region,it might be the brittle-ductile transfer zone;crustal thickness and wave velocity ratio in Taxkorga are sixty nine kilometers and 1.847 which indicated plastic flow easily happened and promoted condition for transformation.
Using Η-κ receive function to search lower crust below Bachu and Taxkorgan station with high quality teleseismic records.The results show: there is a corresponding relationship between regional crustal thickness and terrain but crustal thickness in two stations are quite different;the VP/VS value in two stations are higher than normal;crustal thickness and wave velocity ratio in Bachu are forty four kilometers and 1.849 while there is an obvious fault at depth of twenty one kilometers with low ratio and is corresponding with lower interface of focal depth in Jiashi region,it might be the brittle-ductile transfer zone;crustal thickness and wave velocity ratio in Taxkorga are sixty nine kilometers and 1.847 which indicated plastic flow easily happened and promoted condition for transformation.
引文
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[2]滕吉文,张中杰,白武明,等.岩石圈物理学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:481-523.
[3]许卫卫,郑天愉.接收函数方法及研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(4):605-613.
[4]徐强,赵俊猛.接收函数方法的研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6):1709-1716.
[5]Burdick L J,Langston C A.Modeling crustal structure through the use of converted phases in teleseismic body waveforms[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1977,67:677-691.
[6]Owens T J,Taylor S R,Zandt G.Crustal structure at regional seismic test network stations determined from inversion of broad-band teleseismic P waveforms[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1987,77:631-632.
[7]刘启元,陈九辉,李顺成,等.新疆伽师强震群区三维地壳上地幔S波速度结构及地震成因探讨[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(3):356-365.
[8]刘文学,刘贵忠,周刚,等.新疆和周边地区地壳厚度和VP/VS比值变化的接收函数约束[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(8):2 034-2 041.
[9]钱辉,许志琴,姜枚,等.西昆仑接收函数反演与构造解析[J].中国地质,2006,33(2):309-316.
[10]Chen Y,Niu F,Liu R,et al.Crustal structure beneath China from receiver function analysis[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2010,115,B03307,doi:10.1029/2009JB006386.
[11]唐明帅,段天山.“十五”新疆数字地震台网建设[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2007,28(6):58-62.
[12]Ligorra J P,Ammon C J.Iteraive deconvolution and receiver-function estimation[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1999,89:1 395-1 400.
[13]Zandt G,Myers S C,Wallace T C.Crust and mantle structure across the Basin and Range-Colorado Plateau boundary at 37°Nlatitude and implications for Cenozoic extensional mechanism[J].J Geophys Res,1995,100(B6):10 529-10 548.
[14]Zandt G,Ammon C J.Continental crust composition constrained by measurements of crusta1 Poisson’s ratio[J].Nature,1995,374:152-154.
[15]Zhu L P,Kanamori H.Moho depth variation in Southern California from teleseismic receiver functions[J].J Geophys Res,2000,105:2 969-2 980.
[16]李善邦.中国地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1981:522-528,566-575.
[17]贺日政,高锐,李秋生,等.新疆天山(独山子)—西昆仑(泉水沟)地学断面地震与重力联合反演地壳构造特征[J].地球学报,2001,22(6):553-558.
[18]高锐,肖序常,高弘,等.西昆仑—塔里木—天山岩石圈深地震探测综述[J].地质通报,2002,21(1):11-20.
[19]李秋生,卢德源,高锐,等.横跨西昆仑—塔里木接触带的爆炸地震探测[J].中国科学(D辑),2000,30(B12):16-21.
[20]高锐,管烨,贺日政,等.新疆地学断面(独山子—泉水沟)走廊域及邻区地球物理调查综合研究[J].地球学报,2001,22(6):527-533.
[21]高锐,肖序常,刘训,等.新疆地学断面深地震反射剖面揭示的西昆仑—塔里木结合带岩石圈细结构[J].地球学报,2001,22(6):547-552.
[22]张先康,赵金仁,张成科,等.帕米尔东北侧地壳结构研究[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(5):665-671.
[23]沈军,陈建波,王翠,等.2003年2月24日新疆巴楚—伽师6.8级地震发震构造[J].地震地质,2003,28(2):205-212.
[24]赵翠萍.1997～2003年伽师震源区特征的地震学方法研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2006:1-58.
[25]Laske G,Masters G,Reif C.Crust 2.0:a new global crustal model at 2×2 degrees[EB/OL].(2012-04-13)http://igpp-web.ucsd.edu/～gabi/crust2.html.
[26]Zandt G,Ammon C J.Continental crust composition constrained by measurements of crusta1 Poisson's ratio[J].Nature,1995,374:152-154.
[27]葛粲,郑勇,熊熊.华北地区地壳厚度与泊松比研究[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(10):2538-2548.
[28]童蔚蔚,王良书,米宁,等.利用接收函数研究六盘山地区地壳上地幔结构特征[J].中国科学(D辑),2007,37(A01):193-198.
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