一种改进的地震反射层析成像方法
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摘要
针对复杂介质的地震反射走时层析成像存在数据拾取困难问题,本文提出了一种新的地震反射层析成像速度模型建立方法,该方法用速度和地震射线走时描述模型,用地震反射波走时、地震波在源点和接收点处的传播方向信息反演模型.为提高反演的稳定性和计算效率,引入了Hamilton函数描述射线,在相空间计算反演所需的射线路径和目标函数对模型参数的导数,对理论模型和实际地震资料进行了试算,试算表明该方法对复杂介质具有较强的适应能力.
Data picking is difficult for seismic reflection traveltime tomography in complex media.In this study a new seismic reflection tomographic method is proposed for estimating velocity model from seismic data in complex media,in which the model is described by velocity field and a set of ray traveltimes.It consists of fitting seismic ray traveltimes and positions to data calculated by ray tracing.In order to improve inversion stability and efficiency,seismic ray is described by Hamilton function and ray tracing is done in phase space.Validation tests on synthetic and practical data are analyzed.The tests show that this tomographic method is effective for estimating velocity field in complex media.
Data picking is difficult for seismic reflection traveltime tomography in complex media.In this study a new seismic reflection tomographic method is proposed for estimating velocity model from seismic data in complex media,in which the model is described by velocity field and a set of ray traveltimes.It consists of fitting seismic ray traveltimes and positions to data calculated by ray tracing.In order to improve inversion stability and efficiency,seismic ray is described by Hamilton function and ray tracing is done in phase space.Validation tests on synthetic and practical data are analyzed.The tests show that this tomographic method is effective for estimating velocity field in complex media.
引文
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[4]裴正林,牟永光,狄帮让等.复杂介质小波多尺度井间地震层析成像方法研究.地球物理学报,2003,46:113~117Pei Z L,Mu Y G,Di B R,et al.Study on method of wavelet multi-scale crosshole seismic tomography in complex media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2003,46:113~117
[5]Bin Wang,Keh P,Robert A.Macro velocity model estimationthrough model-based globally optimized residual-curvature analysis.67thAnn.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,ExpandedAbstracts,1998.1084~1087
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[7]杨长春,刘兴才,李幼铭.地震叠前偏移方法流程及应用.地球物理学报,1996,39:409~415Yang C C,Liu X C,Li Y M.The application of seismic depthmigration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1996,39:409~415
[8]Delprat-Jannaud F,Lailly.Tomography with multiple arrival:how tohandle noise corrupted data?63rdAnn.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1993.587~590
[9]Hermont A J.Letter to the editor,re:Seismic controllabledirectional reception as practiced in the U.S.S.R..Geophysics,1979,44:1601~1602
[10]Sword C H.Tomographic determination of interval velocities frompicked reflection seismic data.56thAnn.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1986.657~660
[11]Sworsd C H.Tomographic determination of interval velocity fromreflection seismic data:the method of controlled directional reception[Ph.D.thesis].Standford University,1987
[12]Biondi B.Velocity estimation by beam stack.Geophycics,1992,57:1034~1047
[13]Biondi B.Seismic velocity estimation by beam stack[Ph.D.thesis].Stanford University,1990
[14]Frederic B,Gilles L.Velocity macro-model estimation from seismicreflection data by strreotomography.Geophys.J.Int.,1998,135:671~690
[15]Billette F,Begat S,Podvin P,et al.Practical aspects andapplications of 2D stereotomography.Geophysics,2003,68:1008~1021
[16]Lambare G,Alerini M,Baina R,et al.Stweeotomography:a semi-automatic approach for velocity macromodel estimation.GeophysicalProspecting,2004,52:671~681
[17]Tarantola A.Inverse Problem Theory:Methods for Data Fitting andModel Parameter Estimation.Elsevier,Amsterdam,1987
[18]Farra V.Bending method revisited:a Hamilitionian approach.Geophys.J.Int.,1992,109:138~150
[19]Farra V,Madariaga R.Seismic waveform modeling in heterogeneousmedia by ray perturbation theory.J.Geophys.Res.,1987,92:2697~2712
[20]Farra V,Begat S.Sensitity ofqP-wave traveltimes and polarizationvectors to heterogeneity,anisotropy and interface.Geophys.J.Int.,1995,121:371~384
[2]Liu Z Y,Bleistein N.Migration velocity analysis:Theory and aniterative algorithm.Geophysics,1996,60:142~153
[3]王夫运,张先康,陈棋福等.北京地区上地壳三维细结构层析成像.地球物理学报,2005,48:359~366Wang F Y,Zhang X K,Chen Q F,et a1.Fine tomographicinversion of the upper crust 3-D structure around Beijing.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48:359~366
[4]裴正林,牟永光,狄帮让等.复杂介质小波多尺度井间地震层析成像方法研究.地球物理学报,2003,46:113~117Pei Z L,Mu Y G,Di B R,et al.Study on method of wavelet multi-scale crosshole seismic tomography in complex media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2003,46:113~117
[5]Bin Wang,Keh P,Robert A.Macro velocity model estimationthrough model-based globally optimized residual-curvature analysis.67thAnn.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,ExpandedAbstracts,1998.1084~1087
[6]Lafond C F,Levander A R.Migration moveout analysis and depthfocusing.Geophysics,1993,58:91~100
[7]杨长春,刘兴才,李幼铭.地震叠前偏移方法流程及应用.地球物理学报,1996,39:409~415Yang C C,Liu X C,Li Y M.The application of seismic depthmigration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1996,39:409~415
[8]Delprat-Jannaud F,Lailly.Tomography with multiple arrival:how tohandle noise corrupted data?63rdAnn.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1993.587~590
[9]Hermont A J.Letter to the editor,re:Seismic controllabledirectional reception as practiced in the U.S.S.R..Geophysics,1979,44:1601~1602
[10]Sword C H.Tomographic determination of interval velocities frompicked reflection seismic data.56thAnn.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1986.657~660
[11]Sworsd C H.Tomographic determination of interval velocity fromreflection seismic data:the method of controlled directional reception[Ph.D.thesis].Standford University,1987
[12]Biondi B.Velocity estimation by beam stack.Geophycics,1992,57:1034~1047
[13]Biondi B.Seismic velocity estimation by beam stack[Ph.D.thesis].Stanford University,1990
[14]Frederic B,Gilles L.Velocity macro-model estimation from seismicreflection data by strreotomography.Geophys.J.Int.,1998,135:671~690
[15]Billette F,Begat S,Podvin P,et al.Practical aspects andapplications of 2D stereotomography.Geophysics,2003,68:1008~1021
[16]Lambare G,Alerini M,Baina R,et al.Stweeotomography:a semi-automatic approach for velocity macromodel estimation.GeophysicalProspecting,2004,52:671~681
[17]Tarantola A.Inverse Problem Theory:Methods for Data Fitting andModel Parameter Estimation.Elsevier,Amsterdam,1987
[18]Farra V.Bending method revisited:a Hamilitionian approach.Geophys.J.Int.,1992,109:138~150
[19]Farra V,Madariaga R.Seismic waveform modeling in heterogeneousmedia by ray perturbation theory.J.Geophys.Res.,1987,92:2697~2712
[20]Farra V,Begat S.Sensitity ofqP-wave traveltimes and polarizationvectors to heterogeneity,anisotropy and interface.Geophys.J.Int.,1995,121:371~384
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