“4·20”芦山地震与“5·12”汶川地震发震断裂初析
摘要
2013年4月20日8时2分在四川省雅安市芦山县发生的7.0级地震,是继"5.12"汶川地震之后相隔约5年发生的又一次强震。作者在收集了遥感、DEM、地面地质及芦山震区人工地震剖面基础上,对网上公布的芦山地震震中数据、地震机制解、余震分布数据和地震的地表破裂情况进行了分析,初步推断引发芦山地震的断裂是盆地内西南侧地腹隐伏断裂或新生断裂。将芦山地震与汶川地震进行了综合对比,认为2次地震均属构造地震,从构造动力学角度分析均与印度板块向北挤压碰撞有关;但2次地震发震断裂和发震构造单元特征是不同的,应属2次独立地震。
The 7.0 magnitude earthquake occurred in Lushan County(epicenter: 30.3 degrees north latitude and 103.0 degrees east longitude) of Ya'an City in Sichuan at 8:02 a.m.on April 20,2013.It is another destructive earthquake after the "5·12" Wenchuan earthquake.On the basis of data on remote sensing,DEM,surface geology and the seismic profiles of the Lushan quake-struck zone,the paper analyzes the epicenter data,earthquake mechanism,the aftershocks distribution data and surface rupture published online.This paper concludes preliminary that the earthquake-triggering fracture of the Lushan earthquake should be the ventral buried fault or the new fracture in the southwest within the basin.And the comprehensive comparison between the Lushan earthquake and the Wenchuan earthquake shows that both of them are tectonic earthquakes.As viewed from tectonic dynamics,the authors consider that the two earthquakes are relevant to the northward extrusion and collision of the Indian Ocean Plate.However,there are differences between them about their earthquake-triggering fractures and the characteristics of the earthquake-triggering tectonic unit.Above all,the authors conclude that they should be two independent earthquakes.
The 7.0 magnitude earthquake occurred in Lushan County(epicenter: 30.3 degrees north latitude and 103.0 degrees east longitude) of Ya'an City in Sichuan at 8:02 a.m.on April 20,2013.It is another destructive earthquake after the "5·12" Wenchuan earthquake.On the basis of data on remote sensing,DEM,surface geology and the seismic profiles of the Lushan quake-struck zone,the paper analyzes the epicenter data,earthquake mechanism,the aftershocks distribution data and surface rupture published online.This paper concludes preliminary that the earthquake-triggering fracture of the Lushan earthquake should be the ventral buried fault or the new fracture in the southwest within the basin.And the comprehensive comparison between the Lushan earthquake and the Wenchuan earthquake shows that both of them are tectonic earthquakes.As viewed from tectonic dynamics,the authors consider that the two earthquakes are relevant to the northward extrusion and collision of the Indian Ocean Plate.However,there are differences between them about their earthquake-triggering fractures and the characteristics of the earthquake-triggering tectonic unit.Above all,the authors conclude that they should be two independent earthquakes.
引文
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[13]李忠权,应丹琳,郭晓玉,等.龙门山汶川地震特征及构造运动学初析[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2008,35(4):426-430.Li Z Q,Ying D L,Guo X Y,et al.A primary anal-ysis of geophysical and geodynamic features of theWenchuan earthquake in Longmen Mountains[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Sci-ence&Technology Edition),2008,35(4):426-430.(In Chinese)
[14]罗志立,龙学明.龙门山造山带崛起和川西陆前盆地沉降[J].四川地质学报,1992,12(1):1-17.Luo Z L,Long X M.The uplifting of the Longmen-shan orogenic zone and the subsidence of the WestSichuan Foreland Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,1992,12(1):1-17.(In Chinese)
[15]孙玮,罗志立,杨荣军,等.关于汶川大地震的几个地质问题[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(1):124-128.Sun W,Luo Z L,Yang R J,et al.Some geologicquestions about Wenchuan violent earthquake[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(1):124-128.(In Chinese)
[16]韩娜.四川芦山7.0级地震烈度图发布[EB/OL].(2013-04-26).http://news.sciencenet.cn/html-news/2013/4/277270.shtm.Han N.The earthquake intensity map of Lushan7.0earthquake[EB/OL].(2013-04-26).http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2013/4/277270.shtm.(In Chinese)
[2]金煜,邓琦.院士称芦山地震是汶川地震余震[EB/OL].(2013-04-21).http://news.sciencenet.cn/ht-mlnews/2013/4/277024.shtm.Jin Y,Deng Q.Academician said that Lushan earth-quake was the aftershock of Wenchuan earthquake[EB/OL].(2013-04-21).http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2013/4/277024.shtm.(In Chinese)
[3]嵇少丞.芦山地震不是汶川地震的余震[EB/OL].(2013-04-21).http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-51597-682325.html.Ji S C.Lushan earthquake was not the aftershock ofWenchuan earthquake[EB/OL].(2013-04-21).ht-tp://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-51597-682325.html.(In Chinese)
[4]沈正康.余震乎?独立地震乎?[EB/OL].(2013-05-01).http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-922528-685499.html.Shen Z K.Aftershock or independent earthquake[EB/OL].(2013-05-01).http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-922528-685499.html.(In Chinese)
[5]秦四清.与芦山地震有关的地震危险性评价报道[EB/OL].(2013-04-30).http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-575926-685347.html.Qin S Q.The risk evaluation reports about Lushanearthquake[EB/OL].(2013-04-30).http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-575926-685347.html.(In Chi-nese)
[6]曹俊兴.芦山地震不可能是汶川地震的余震[EB/OL].(2013-04-30).http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-699-685221.html.Cao J X.It is impossible that Lushan earthquake wasthe aftershock of Wenchuan earthquake[EB/OL].(2013-04-30).http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-699-685221.html.(In Chinese)
[7]嵇少丞.闷骚的断层:芦山地震的真正凶手[EB/OL].(2013-04-27).http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-51597-684447.html.Ji S C.The hidden fault:the real killer of Lushanearthquake[EB/OL].(2013-04-27).http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-51597-684447.html.(In Chinese)
[8]嵇少丞.龙门山断裂带与强震[EB/OL].(2013-04-20).http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-51597-682086.html.Ji S C.The fault zones of Longmen Mountain and bigearthquake[EB/OL].(2013-04-20).http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-51597-682086.html.(In Chinese)
[9]潘怀文.雅安地震非汶川余震属逆冲型地震[EB/OL].(2013-04-21).http://hb.qq.com/a/20130421/000139.htm.Pan H W.The Yaan earthquake is a thrust earth-quake but is not a Wenchuan aftershock[EB/OL].(2013-04-21).http://hb.qq.com/a/20130421/000139.htm.(In Chinese)
[10]周飞飞.雅安地震是否为汶川余震存争议[EB/OL].(2013-04-26).http://news.sciencenet.cn/html-news/2013/4/277273.shtm.Zhou F F.The dispute on whether the Yan earth-quake is a Wenchuan aftershock or not[EB/OL].(2013-04-26).http://news.sciencenet.cn/html-news/2013/4/277273.shtm.(In Chinese)
[11]甘晓,温超.邓起东院士:全球仍处于地震活跃期[EB/OL].(2013-04-30).http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2013/4/277333.shtm.Gan X,Wen C.Deng Qidong:The world is still inthe active period of earthquake[EB/OL].(2013-04-30).http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2013/4/277333.shtm.(In Chinese)
[12]张蕾.刘嘉麒院士:地球处于构造活动高峰期[EB/OL].(2013-04-27).http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2013/4/277285.shtm.Zhang L.Liu Jiaqi:The earth is in the peak periodof tectonic activity[EB/OL].(2013-04-27).http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2013/4/277285.shtm.(In Chinese)
[13]李忠权,应丹琳,郭晓玉,等.龙门山汶川地震特征及构造运动学初析[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2008,35(4):426-430.Li Z Q,Ying D L,Guo X Y,et al.A primary anal-ysis of geophysical and geodynamic features of theWenchuan earthquake in Longmen Mountains[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Sci-ence&Technology Edition),2008,35(4):426-430.(In Chinese)
[14]罗志立,龙学明.龙门山造山带崛起和川西陆前盆地沉降[J].四川地质学报,1992,12(1):1-17.Luo Z L,Long X M.The uplifting of the Longmen-shan orogenic zone and the subsidence of the WestSichuan Foreland Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,1992,12(1):1-17.(In Chinese)
[15]孙玮,罗志立,杨荣军,等.关于汶川大地震的几个地质问题[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(1):124-128.Sun W,Luo Z L,Yang R J,et al.Some geologicquestions about Wenchuan violent earthquake[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(1):124-128.(In Chinese)
[16]韩娜.四川芦山7.0级地震烈度图发布[EB/OL].(2013-04-26).http://news.sciencenet.cn/html-news/2013/4/277270.shtm.Han N.The earthquake intensity map of Lushan7.0earthquake[EB/OL].(2013-04-26).http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2013/4/277270.shtm.(In Chinese)
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