储层砂岩沉积特征变化对地震弹性属性的影响
|
摘要
为使从地震数据中所提取的属性参数具有一定的地质意义,需要建立岩石物理性质与储层岩石沉积学特征之间的定性或定量关系。利用储层砂岩样品试验测试结果并根据胶结砂岩模型等有效介质理论分析了成岩作用及岩石结构变化对地震弹性属性的影响及其在弹性属性(速度、模量)-孔隙度交会图中的表现形式。成岩作用(胶结物含量)控制了砂岩弹性属性在交会图中的相对位置。结构变化对弹性属性的影响弱于成岩作用的影响,在弹性属性-孔隙度交会图中因结构变化而表现出的整体变化趋势斜率小于成岩作用差异所表现出的趋势,为利用地震弹性属性解释岩石沉积特征提供了一种方法。利用等效弹性模量理论分别给出了定量模拟流体饱和储层砂岩成岩作用变化(胶结物含量差异)、结构变化(定胶结物含量)对弹性波速度及模量影响的理论计算方法。
In order to decide certain geological meanings for seismic attribute parameters extracted from seismic data, it was necessary to establish the qualitative or quantitative relation between rock physics and sedimentary properties of reservoir rock. Based on the effective media theory, such as cemented sand model, the effects of diagenesis and rock textural variation on seismic elastic attributes and its variation pattern in elastic attribute-porosity cross-plot were analyzed by laboratory measurements of reservoir sandstone. The relative position of sandstone elastic attributes (velocity and modulus )in the cross-plot controlled diagenesis (cement contents). The effects of rock texture change on elastic attributes were less than that of diagenesis, and the slope of elastic attribute-porosity relation tends, due to textural variation, was flatted than that of diagenesis in the velocity-porosity plane, which provided a new way to explain rock sedimentary properties by utilizing elastic attributes. Based on the effective elastic modulus theory, methods of quantitative simulation are provided for calculating the effects of sandstone diagnostics (cement contents variation) and texture change (same cement contents) on the elastic wave velocity and modulus.
In order to decide certain geological meanings for seismic attribute parameters extracted from seismic data, it was necessary to establish the qualitative or quantitative relation between rock physics and sedimentary properties of reservoir rock. Based on the effective media theory, such as cemented sand model, the effects of diagenesis and rock textural variation on seismic elastic attributes and its variation pattern in elastic attribute-porosity cross-plot were analyzed by laboratory measurements of reservoir sandstone. The relative position of sandstone elastic attributes (velocity and modulus )in the cross-plot controlled diagenesis (cement contents). The effects of rock texture change on elastic attributes were less than that of diagenesis, and the slope of elastic attribute-porosity relation tends, due to textural variation, was flatted than that of diagenesis in the velocity-porosity plane, which provided a new way to explain rock sedimentary properties by utilizing elastic attributes. Based on the effective elastic modulus theory, methods of quantitative simulation are provided for calculating the effects of sandstone diagnostics (cement contents variation) and texture change (same cement contents) on the elastic wave velocity and modulus.
引文
[1]Goodway W,Chen T,Downton J·I mproved AVOfluid detection andlithology discri mination usinglame petrophysical parameters[A]·In:SEG Expanded Abstracts[C]·1997·183~186·
[2]Russell B H,Hedlin K,Hilterman F,et al·Fluid-property discri mination with AVO:A Biot-Gassmann perspective[J]·Geophysics,2003,68(1):29~39·
[3]李丕龙,庞雄奇·陆相断陷盆地隐蔽油气藏形成———以济阳坳陷为例[M]·北京:石油工业出版社,2004·85~113·
[4]Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J·The rock physics handbook:tools for seismic analysis in porous media[M]·New York:Cambridge University Press,1998·106~160·
[5]Dvorkin J,Nur A·Elasticity of high-porosity sandstones:Theory for two North Sea datasets[J]·Geophysics,1996,61(5):1363~1370·
[6]邓继新·胜利油田综合地震岩性解释的岩石物理基础[D]·北京:中国石油大学,2005·
[7]Nolen-Hoeksema R C·Modulus-porosity relations,Gassmann s equations and the low-frequency elastic-wave response to fluids[J]·Geophysics,2000,65(5):1355~1365·
[2]Russell B H,Hedlin K,Hilterman F,et al·Fluid-property discri mination with AVO:A Biot-Gassmann perspective[J]·Geophysics,2003,68(1):29~39·
[3]李丕龙,庞雄奇·陆相断陷盆地隐蔽油气藏形成———以济阳坳陷为例[M]·北京:石油工业出版社,2004·85~113·
[4]Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J·The rock physics handbook:tools for seismic analysis in porous media[M]·New York:Cambridge University Press,1998·106~160·
[5]Dvorkin J,Nur A·Elasticity of high-porosity sandstones:Theory for two North Sea datasets[J]·Geophysics,1996,61(5):1363~1370·
[6]邓继新·胜利油田综合地震岩性解释的岩石物理基础[D]·北京:中国石油大学,2005·
[7]Nolen-Hoeksema R C·Modulus-porosity relations,Gassmann s equations and the low-frequency elastic-wave response to fluids[J]·Geophysics,2000,65(5):1355~1365·
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心