地震记录相似性的小波属性度量方法研究
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摘要
为了提高三维低频资料(主频15Hz~30Hz)断层检测精度,探讨了小波地震属性与相干结合的检测方法。当断层的水平断距小,断层二侧地震记录的波形特征相似时,单靠相干方法已不能明显地反映断层。针对此问题,分析了多种相似性度量方法,最后从地震属性方法出发,提出基于小波属性体的相干方法改善检测效果。实际资料处理表明了该方法的合理性和实用性,不仅更细致地度量了相似性,还为地震勘探量化参数的精细分析提供了一条思路。
In order to improve precise of measurement of faults by 3-D data with low frequency (primary frequency in 15 Hz~30 Hz), this paper discusses a method combined wavelet attribute with coherency. When horizontal distance of faults are very small and wave shape of seismic records near the faults are very similar, coherency method can not show the faults clearly itself. Focusing on the problem, we analysis several kinds of methods of measuring similarity and, at last, propose coherency one based on wavelet attributes to improve capacity of fault detection. The applications show that the method is reasonable and utilitarian. The method not only describes similarity more precisely, but also provides a way of accurate analysis to quantitative parameters of seismic exploration.
In order to improve precise of measurement of faults by 3-D data with low frequency (primary frequency in 15 Hz~30 Hz), this paper discusses a method combined wavelet attribute with coherency. When horizontal distance of faults are very small and wave shape of seismic records near the faults are very similar, coherency method can not show the faults clearly itself. Focusing on the problem, we analysis several kinds of methods of measuring similarity and, at last, propose coherency one based on wavelet attributes to improve capacity of fault detection. The applications show that the method is reasonable and utilitarian. The method not only describes similarity more precisely, but also provides a way of accurate analysis to quantitative parameters of seismic exploration.
引文
[1] 谢里夫R E,吉尔达特L P.勘探地震学(第二版)下册[M].初英,译.北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
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[4] KURTJ,MARFURT R,LYNN KIRLIN,et al.3-D seismic attributes using a semblance-based coherency algorithm[J].Geophysics,1998,63(4):1150.
[5] GERSZTENKORNA,KURTJ.Marfurt.Eigenstructure-based coherence computations as an aid to3-Dstructural and stratigraphic mapping[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5):1468.
[6] 孙义梅,杨春峰,陈程,等.相干技术的参数选取及其效果分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(5):640.
[7] 刘传虎.地震相干分析技术在裂缝油气藏预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2):238.
[8] 王西文,杨孔庆,周立宏,等.基于小波变换的地震相干体算法研究[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(6):847.
[9] 张军华,王月英,赵勇,等.小波多分辨率相干数据体的提取及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):33.
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[11] 陈遵德.储层地震属性优化方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[12] 赵锋伟,李吉成,沈振康.景象匹配技术研究[J].系统工程与电子技术,2002,24(12):110.
[13] 郭浩,欧宗瑛,何洋.一个新的基于细节特征的指纹匹配方法[J].大连理工大学学报.2005,45(1):64.
[14] 唐宏,方涛,施鹏飞.基于完全波形的反射和吸收特征的非线性光谱相似性度量与检索-非线性光谱角制图[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2005,25(2):307.
[15] 汪洋,卢焕章,孙广富.基于空间模糊化表示的图形相似性测度[J].系统工程与电子技术,2005,27(2):340.
[16] 于静.随机干扰的相关半径及其应用[J].计算机工程,2004,30(增):454.
[17] 赵慧,侯建荣,施伯乐.一种基于分形时变维数的非平稳时间序列相似性匹配方法[J].计算机学报,2005,28(2):227.
[18] MALLATS.Atheory for multi-resolution signal decom-position:the wavelet representation[J].IEEE Trans.Patt.Anal.and Mach.Intel,1989,11(7):674.
[19] DAUBECHIES I.The wavelet transform,time-fre-quency localization and signal analysis[J].IEEE Trans.Inform.Theory,1990,36:961.
[20] MALLATS.Zero crossings of a wavelet transform[J].IEEE Trans on Information Theory,1991,37(4):1019.
[21] MALLATS.AWavelet Tour of Signal Processing(Sec-ond Edition)[M].Academic Press,1999.
[22] 柳建新,韩世礼,马捷,等.小波分析在地震资料去噪中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2005,27(3):205.
[2] 赵殿栋,宋玉龙,马国光,等.油气地球物理勘探技术[M].山东:石油大学出版社,2002.
[3] BAHORICHM S,FARMER S L.3D seismic disconti-nuity for faults and stratigraphyic features-the coherence cube[J].The Leading Edge,1995,14(10):1053.
[4] KURTJ,MARFURT R,LYNN KIRLIN,et al.3-D seismic attributes using a semblance-based coherency algorithm[J].Geophysics,1998,63(4):1150.
[5] GERSZTENKORNA,KURTJ.Marfurt.Eigenstructure-based coherence computations as an aid to3-Dstructural and stratigraphic mapping[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5):1468.
[6] 孙义梅,杨春峰,陈程,等.相干技术的参数选取及其效果分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(5):640.
[7] 刘传虎.地震相干分析技术在裂缝油气藏预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2):238.
[8] 王西文,杨孔庆,周立宏,等.基于小波变换的地震相干体算法研究[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(6):847.
[9] 张军华,王月英,赵勇,等.小波多分辨率相干数据体的提取及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):33.
[10] 张向君,李幼铭,钟吉太,等.三维相干切片断层多边形检测[J].物探化探计算技术,2001,23(4):295.
[11] 陈遵德.储层地震属性优化方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[12] 赵锋伟,李吉成,沈振康.景象匹配技术研究[J].系统工程与电子技术,2002,24(12):110.
[13] 郭浩,欧宗瑛,何洋.一个新的基于细节特征的指纹匹配方法[J].大连理工大学学报.2005,45(1):64.
[14] 唐宏,方涛,施鹏飞.基于完全波形的反射和吸收特征的非线性光谱相似性度量与检索-非线性光谱角制图[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2005,25(2):307.
[15] 汪洋,卢焕章,孙广富.基于空间模糊化表示的图形相似性测度[J].系统工程与电子技术,2005,27(2):340.
[16] 于静.随机干扰的相关半径及其应用[J].计算机工程,2004,30(增):454.
[17] 赵慧,侯建荣,施伯乐.一种基于分形时变维数的非平稳时间序列相似性匹配方法[J].计算机学报,2005,28(2):227.
[18] MALLATS.Atheory for multi-resolution signal decom-position:the wavelet representation[J].IEEE Trans.Patt.Anal.and Mach.Intel,1989,11(7):674.
[19] DAUBECHIES I.The wavelet transform,time-fre-quency localization and signal analysis[J].IEEE Trans.Inform.Theory,1990,36:961.
[20] MALLATS.Zero crossings of a wavelet transform[J].IEEE Trans on Information Theory,1991,37(4):1019.
[21] MALLATS.AWavelet Tour of Signal Processing(Sec-ond Edition)[M].Academic Press,1999.
[22] 柳建新,韩世礼,马捷,等.小波分析在地震资料去噪中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2005,27(3):205.
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