苏丹Muglad盆地Fula坳陷白垩系Abu Gabra组地震相研究
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摘要
研究认为,Fula坳陷白垩系Abu Gabra组可划分为7个三级层序。根据地震反射参数,从内部反射结构和外部几何形态出发,在Abu Gabra组的地震反射剖面上识别出杂乱相、平行亚平行席状相、前积楔状相、前积(楔状)充填相、上超充填相。根据连续性和振幅等辅助参数可以将上述地震相进行细分,共计有主要地震相9种,分别为强振幅-好连续平行席状相,中、强振幅-中、好连续-平行-席状相,中振幅-中、差连续-亚平行席状相,中振幅-中、好连续-亚平行席状相,中、强振幅-中连续-楔状-充填相,中振幅-中、差连续-楔状-充填相,中振幅-中、差连续-上超-充填相,中振幅-中等连续-前积-楔状相,中振幅-差连续-杂乱相。这些地震相在平面上分布部位明确,纵向上具有继承性和差异性。地震相在空间上的分布与凹陷结构及构造演化有良好的对应性。
The Cretaceous Gabra Formation in the Fula Depression,Muglad basin,Sudan,can be classified into seven three-order sequences.Based on the seismic reflection parameters,internal reflection configuration and external shape,five types of seismic facies are identified on the seismic reflection profiles of the Abu Gabra Formation.They are chaotic facies,paralleling and sub-paralleling sheet facies,foreset wedge facies,foreset(wedge)-filling faceis,and onlap-filling faceis.These facies may be further subdivided into nine classes in terms of their amplitudes and continuities,i.e.(1)parallel sheet facies with strong amplitude and high continuity,(2)parallel sheet facies with medium-strong amplitude and moderate-high continuity(3)sub-parallel sheet facies with me-dium amplitude and moderate-poor continuity,(4)sub-parallel sheet facies with medium amplitude and moderate-high continuity,(5)wedge-filling facies with medium-strong amplitude and moderate continuity,(6)wedge-fil-ling facies with medium amplitude and moderate-poor continuity,(7)onlap-filling facies with medium amplitude and moderate-poor continuity,(8)foreset-wedge facies with medium amplitude and moderate continuity,and(9)chaotic facies with medium amplitude and poor continuity.These seismic facies distinguish from one another ho-rizontally but show hereditability and differentiation over vertical sections.The spacial distribution of the seismic facies corresponds well with the structure and tectonic evolution of Fula depression.
The Cretaceous Gabra Formation in the Fula Depression,Muglad basin,Sudan,can be classified into seven three-order sequences.Based on the seismic reflection parameters,internal reflection configuration and external shape,five types of seismic facies are identified on the seismic reflection profiles of the Abu Gabra Formation.They are chaotic facies,paralleling and sub-paralleling sheet facies,foreset wedge facies,foreset(wedge)-filling faceis,and onlap-filling faceis.These facies may be further subdivided into nine classes in terms of their amplitudes and continuities,i.e.(1)parallel sheet facies with strong amplitude and high continuity,(2)parallel sheet facies with medium-strong amplitude and moderate-high continuity(3)sub-parallel sheet facies with me-dium amplitude and moderate-poor continuity,(4)sub-parallel sheet facies with medium amplitude and moderate-high continuity,(5)wedge-filling facies with medium-strong amplitude and moderate continuity,(6)wedge-fil-ling facies with medium amplitude and moderate-poor continuity,(7)onlap-filling facies with medium amplitude and moderate-poor continuity,(8)foreset-wedge facies with medium amplitude and moderate continuity,and(9)chaotic facies with medium amplitude and poor continuity.These seismic facies distinguish from one another ho-rizontally but show hereditability and differentiation over vertical sections.The spacial distribution of the seismic facies corresponds well with the structure and tectonic evolution of Fula depression.
引文
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1张万选,张厚福,曾洪流.陆相地震地层学[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1993
2顾家裕.陆相层序地层学格架概念及模式[J].石油勘探与开发,1995,22(4):6～10
3徐怀大,王世飞,陈开远.地震地层学解释基础[M].湖北武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1990
4魏魁生,史淑玲,历大亮,等.渤海湾盆地沾化凹陷下第三系高精度层序地层学研究[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):513～518
5李明娟,张洪年,胡宗全,等.济阳坳陷古生界层序地层研究[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(1):106～110
6张年富,齐雪峰.准噶尔盆地侏罗系Ⅲ层序底界上下砂体预测与有利区评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(2):145～149
7魏力民,柳梅青.川西新场蓬莱镇组层序地层研究与储层横向预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(3):220～225
8王洪亮,邓洪文.昌图凹陷层序地层与油气储层预测[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(2):160～163
9朱筱敏.陆相坳陷型和断陷型湖盆层序地层样式探讨[J].沉积学报,2003,21(4):283～287
10张琴,朱筱敏,张满郎.准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡区侏罗系地震相研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(1):72～76
11 Posamentier HW,Vail P R.Eustatic controls on clastic depositionⅠ:sequence and system tract[J].SEPM Special Publication,1988,42:126-148
12 Van Wagoner J C,Mitchum R M.Siliciclastic sequence stratigra-phy in well logs,cores,and outcrops:concepts for high resolutioncorrelation of time and faces[J].AAPG,Methods in Explorationseries,1990,55:1-240
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