南黄海中古生代残留沉积地层的地震成像
|
摘要
文中展示了南黄海中古生代沉积地层的成像结果,显示南黄海隆起区存在较稳定的中古生代沉积地层残留区.南黄海中古生代残留沉积地层的成像问题一直是地震资料处理的难点,主要原因是以海底鸣震为主的层间多次波和与中古生界顶界面相关的长程多次波非常发育,致使有效反射波无法准确识别.本文利用平面波域层间多次波的可预测性,对地震数据平面波分解之后进行预测反褶积,较好地消除了层间多次波.利用速度差异分离长程多次波,在有效波速度无法确定的条件下,先从低速的、可以确认的多次波开始进行分离,逐步确认并分离多次波,同时逐步进行有效波的确认和成像速度的尝试,最终得到合适的成像速度场和多次波被充分分离的数据.成像结果对南黄海残留盆地研究有一定借鉴意义.
The paper shows the imaging result of Paleozoic sediment stratum in the South Yellow sea.The result shows that there exists relative stable residual Paleozoic sediment stratum in the upheaval zone of South Yellow Sea. Due to the existence of interval multiples and long-way multiples,the seismic imaging is very difficult in residual Paleozoic sediment stratum in the South Yellow Sea.In this paper,the data is transformed to plane-wave domain firstly,and then the prediction deconvolution is applied to attenuate the interval multiples.The velocity difference between the multiples and the effective waves are used to attenuate the long-way multiples.First the multiples with lower velocities and distinguish from the effective waves are seperated,and then seperates the multiples with higher velocities,the imaging velocity and the effective waves are re-determined during the iterative process,until all long-way multiples are attenuated and suitable imaging velocity are obtained.The imaging result is meaningful to the residual basin research.
The paper shows the imaging result of Paleozoic sediment stratum in the South Yellow sea.The result shows that there exists relative stable residual Paleozoic sediment stratum in the upheaval zone of South Yellow Sea. Due to the existence of interval multiples and long-way multiples,the seismic imaging is very difficult in residual Paleozoic sediment stratum in the South Yellow Sea.In this paper,the data is transformed to plane-wave domain firstly,and then the prediction deconvolution is applied to attenuate the interval multiples.The velocity difference between the multiples and the effective waves are used to attenuate the long-way multiples.First the multiples with lower velocities and distinguish from the effective waves are seperated,and then seperates the multiples with higher velocities,the imaging velocity and the effective waves are re-determined during the iterative process,until all long-way multiples are attenuated and suitable imaging velocity are obtained.The imaging result is meaningful to the residual basin research.
引文
[1] 刘光鼎.前新生代海相残留盆地[A].见:周玉琦主编.朱夏油气地质理论应用研讨文集[J].北京:地质出版社,2001,21～23． Liu G D.Marine origin residual basin of pre-cenozoic [A].see:Zhou Y Q (chief editor).Synposium on applications of zhuxia's petroleum geology theories(in chinese) [J].Beijing:Geology publishing company,2001,21～23．
[2] 范小林.南黄海盆地海相领域油气勘探战略思考[J].海相油气地质,2001,6(4) :35～40． Fan X L.The strategy thought of oil and gas exploration in the South Yellow sea basin [J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology(in chinese),2001,6(4) :35～40．
[3] 蔡东升,冯晓杰,高乐,等.中国近海前第三纪残余盆地及其勘探潜力与方向[J].中国海上油气,2004,16(1) :1～17． Cai D S,Feng X J,Gao L,et al.Petroleum potential and exploration direction of pre-Tertiary remnant basins in Off shore China[J].China Offshore Oil And Gas (in chinese),2004,16(1) :1～17．
[4] 刘光鼎,陈洁.中国前新生代残留盆地油气勘探难点分析及对策[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2) :273～275． Liu G D,Chen J.Analysis of difficulties in gas-petroleum prospecting in Chinese pre-cenozoic relic basin and the corresponding solutions [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(2) :273～275．
[5] 郝天珧,杨长春,王真理,徐亚,王家林,王嘹亮,李军,王贝 贝,范桃园.海区前新生代残留盆地油气研究的综合地球物理技术[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :731～742． Hao T Y,Yang C C,Wang Z L,Xu Y,Wang J L,Wang L L,Li J,Wang B B,Fan T Y.Comprehensive geophysical technology on Oil & gas resources of pre-cenozoic residual basin in Chinese marine area[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(3) :731～742．
[6] 涂广红,江为为,朱东英,徐亚.综合地球物理方法对黄海地区前新生代残留盆地分布的研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2) :398～406． Tu G H,Jiang W W,Zhu D Y,Xu Y.Applying integrated geophysical methods to study distribution of pre-cenozoic residual basins of Yellow Sea[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(2) ..398～406．
[7] 魏文博,邓明,温珍河,等.南黄海海底大地电磁测深试验研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(3) :740～749． Wei W B,Deng M,Wen Z H,et al.Experimental study of marine magnetotellurics in southern Huanghai[J],Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(3) :740～749．
[8] Zhang M H,Xu D S,Chen J W.Geological structure of the yellow sea area from regional gravity and magnetic interpretation[J].Applied Geophysics,2007,4 (2) :75～83．
[9] 郝天珧,徐亚,胥颐,et al.对黄海-东海研究区深部结构的一些新认识[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2) :458～468． Hao T Y,Xu Y,Xu Yi,etal.Some new understandings on deep structure in Yellow Sea and East China Sea[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2) : 458～468．
[10] 王红霞,郭玉贵.黄海及临区莫霍面起伏特征[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2) :566～573． Wang H X,Guo Y G.The Study on the fluctuation of Moho in Yellow Sea and its adjacent area [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(2) :566～573．
[11] 胥颐,李志伟,刘劲松,等.黄海及其邻近地区的Pn波速度与各向异性[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5) :1444～1450． Xu Y,Li Z W,Liu J S,et al.Pn wave velocity and anisotropy in the Yellow Sea and adjacent region[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(5) :1444～1450．
[12] 吉治平.渤海残留盆地油气地球物理研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4) :1039～1046． Ji Z P.A review of progress on geophysics of Bohai residual basin[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(4) :1039～1046．
[13] 郝天珧,杨长春,刘洪,宋海斌,江为为.环渤海地区前新生代油气资源的综合地质、地球物理研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4) :1269～1279． Hao T Y,Yang C C,Liu H,Song H B,Jiang W W.Integrated geological and geophysical study for pre-cenozoic hydrocarbon resources in the circum-bohai area[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(4) :1269～1279．
[14] 郝天珧,徐亚,周立宏,等.前新生代残留盆地宏观分布的综合地球物理研究-以大港地区为例[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2) :491～502． Hao T Y,Xu Y,Zhou L H,et al.Integrated geophysical research on macroscopic distribution of Pre-Cenozoic residual basins-A case in Dagang area[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(2) :491～502．
[15] 徐亚,郝天珧,戴明刚,赵百民,李军,涂广红,赵玉合.渤海残留盆地分布综合地球物理研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(3) :868～881． Xu Y,Hao T Y,Dai M G,Zhao B M,Li J,Tu G H,Zhao Y H.Integrated geophysics research on distribution of residual basins of Bohai Sea[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(3) :868～881．
[16] 陈洁.北黄海前新生代残留盆地勘探潜力分析[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3) :757～760． Chen J.Potential analysis of exploration for pre-cenozoic marine residual basins in northern Yellow Sea[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(3) :757～760．
[17] 张一波,吴志强,刘怀山.南黄海多次波特征及其速度分析[J].海洋地质动态,2008,24(8) :8～13． Zhang Y B,Wu Z Q,Liu H S.The characters of multiples and velocity analysis in the South Yellow sea[J].Marine Geology Letters(in chinese),2008,24(8) :8～13．
[18] 姚永坚,夏斌,冯志强,等.南黄海古生代以来构造演化[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(2) :124～128． Yao Y J,Xia B,Feng Z Q,et al.Tectonic evolution of the South.Yellow sea since the paleozoic[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment(in chinese),2005,27(2) :124～128．
[19] 姚永坚,夏斌,冯志强,等.南黄海构造样式的特征与含油气性[J].地质论评,2004,50(6) :633～638． Yao Y J,Xia B,Feng Z Q,et al.The Character ist ics of Structural Styles and Hydrocarbon-bearing in the South Yellow Sea [J].Geological Review (in chinese),2004,50 (6) : 633～638．
[20] 吴志强.黄海地层岩石地球物理特征及其对地震勘探技术的挑战[J].中国海上油气,2003,17(6) :407～411． Wu Z Q.Petrophysical properties of yellow sea sediments and their challenges to seismic survey[J],China Offshore Oil And Gas(in chinese),2003,17(6) :407～411．
[21] 李鹏,刘伊克,常旭,等.多次波问题的研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3) :888～897． Li P,Liu Y K,Chang X,et al.Progress on the multiple problems[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2006,21 (3) :888～897．
[22] 王维红,崔宝文,刘洪.表面多次波衰减的研究现状与进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :156～1 64． Wang W H,Cui B W,Liu H.Research progress in surface-related multiple attenuation[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(1) :156～164．
[23] 李景叶,陈小宏,芮振华.基于匹配滤波的多次波压制方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :200～206． Li J Y,Chen X H,Rui Z H.Study on multiple attenuation method based on match filter[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(1) :200～206．
[24] 吴迪,杨长春.数据驱动型多次波衰减方法的研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1) :98～103． Wu D,Yang C C.Research on a fully-data driven multiple attenuation approach [J].Progress in Geophysics ( in Chinese),2008,23(1) :98～103．
[25] 黄新武,孙春岩,牛滨华,王焕弟,曾闽山.基于数据一致性预测与压制自由表面多次波-理论研究与试处理[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1) :173～180． Huang X W,Sun C Y,Niu B H,Wang H D,Zeng M S.Surfacerelated multiple prediction and suppression based on data consistence :A theoretical study and test[J].Chinese J.Geolphys.(in Chinese),2005,48(1) :173～180．
[26] 金德刚,常旭,刘伊克.逆子波域消除多次波方法研究[J]. 地球物理学报,2008,5l(1) :250～259． Jin D G,Chang X,Liu Y K.Research of multiple elimination method in inverse wavelet domain[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,50(1) :250～259．
[27] 金德刚,常旭,刘伊克.逆散射级数法预测层间多次波的算法改进及其策略[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4) :209～1217． Jin D G,Chang X,Liu Y K.Algorithm improvement and strategy of internal multiples prediction based on inverse scattering series method [J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(4) :1209～1217．
[28] Kennett B N.Seismic wave propagation in stratified media [M].London:Cambridge University Press,1983．
[2] 范小林.南黄海盆地海相领域油气勘探战略思考[J].海相油气地质,2001,6(4) :35～40． Fan X L.The strategy thought of oil and gas exploration in the South Yellow sea basin [J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology(in chinese),2001,6(4) :35～40．
[3] 蔡东升,冯晓杰,高乐,等.中国近海前第三纪残余盆地及其勘探潜力与方向[J].中国海上油气,2004,16(1) :1～17． Cai D S,Feng X J,Gao L,et al.Petroleum potential and exploration direction of pre-Tertiary remnant basins in Off shore China[J].China Offshore Oil And Gas (in chinese),2004,16(1) :1～17．
[4] 刘光鼎,陈洁.中国前新生代残留盆地油气勘探难点分析及对策[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2) :273～275． Liu G D,Chen J.Analysis of difficulties in gas-petroleum prospecting in Chinese pre-cenozoic relic basin and the corresponding solutions [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(2) :273～275．
[5] 郝天珧,杨长春,王真理,徐亚,王家林,王嘹亮,李军,王贝 贝,范桃园.海区前新生代残留盆地油气研究的综合地球物理技术[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :731～742． Hao T Y,Yang C C,Wang Z L,Xu Y,Wang J L,Wang L L,Li J,Wang B B,Fan T Y.Comprehensive geophysical technology on Oil & gas resources of pre-cenozoic residual basin in Chinese marine area[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(3) :731～742．
[6] 涂广红,江为为,朱东英,徐亚.综合地球物理方法对黄海地区前新生代残留盆地分布的研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2) :398～406． Tu G H,Jiang W W,Zhu D Y,Xu Y.Applying integrated geophysical methods to study distribution of pre-cenozoic residual basins of Yellow Sea[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(2) ..398～406．
[7] 魏文博,邓明,温珍河,等.南黄海海底大地电磁测深试验研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(3) :740～749． Wei W B,Deng M,Wen Z H,et al.Experimental study of marine magnetotellurics in southern Huanghai[J],Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(3) :740～749．
[8] Zhang M H,Xu D S,Chen J W.Geological structure of the yellow sea area from regional gravity and magnetic interpretation[J].Applied Geophysics,2007,4 (2) :75～83．
[9] 郝天珧,徐亚,胥颐,et al.对黄海-东海研究区深部结构的一些新认识[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2) :458～468． Hao T Y,Xu Y,Xu Yi,etal.Some new understandings on deep structure in Yellow Sea and East China Sea[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2) : 458～468．
[10] 王红霞,郭玉贵.黄海及临区莫霍面起伏特征[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2) :566～573． Wang H X,Guo Y G.The Study on the fluctuation of Moho in Yellow Sea and its adjacent area [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(2) :566～573．
[11] 胥颐,李志伟,刘劲松,等.黄海及其邻近地区的Pn波速度与各向异性[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5) :1444～1450． Xu Y,Li Z W,Liu J S,et al.Pn wave velocity and anisotropy in the Yellow Sea and adjacent region[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(5) :1444～1450．
[12] 吉治平.渤海残留盆地油气地球物理研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4) :1039～1046． Ji Z P.A review of progress on geophysics of Bohai residual basin[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(4) :1039～1046．
[13] 郝天珧,杨长春,刘洪,宋海斌,江为为.环渤海地区前新生代油气资源的综合地质、地球物理研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4) :1269～1279． Hao T Y,Yang C C,Liu H,Song H B,Jiang W W.Integrated geological and geophysical study for pre-cenozoic hydrocarbon resources in the circum-bohai area[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(4) :1269～1279．
[14] 郝天珧,徐亚,周立宏,等.前新生代残留盆地宏观分布的综合地球物理研究-以大港地区为例[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2) :491～502． Hao T Y,Xu Y,Zhou L H,et al.Integrated geophysical research on macroscopic distribution of Pre-Cenozoic residual basins-A case in Dagang area[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(2) :491～502．
[15] 徐亚,郝天珧,戴明刚,赵百民,李军,涂广红,赵玉合.渤海残留盆地分布综合地球物理研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(3) :868～881． Xu Y,Hao T Y,Dai M G,Zhao B M,Li J,Tu G H,Zhao Y H.Integrated geophysics research on distribution of residual basins of Bohai Sea[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(3) :868～881．
[16] 陈洁.北黄海前新生代残留盆地勘探潜力分析[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3) :757～760． Chen J.Potential analysis of exploration for pre-cenozoic marine residual basins in northern Yellow Sea[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(3) :757～760．
[17] 张一波,吴志强,刘怀山.南黄海多次波特征及其速度分析[J].海洋地质动态,2008,24(8) :8～13． Zhang Y B,Wu Z Q,Liu H S.The characters of multiples and velocity analysis in the South Yellow sea[J].Marine Geology Letters(in chinese),2008,24(8) :8～13．
[18] 姚永坚,夏斌,冯志强,等.南黄海古生代以来构造演化[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(2) :124～128． Yao Y J,Xia B,Feng Z Q,et al.Tectonic evolution of the South.Yellow sea since the paleozoic[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment(in chinese),2005,27(2) :124～128．
[19] 姚永坚,夏斌,冯志强,等.南黄海构造样式的特征与含油气性[J].地质论评,2004,50(6) :633～638． Yao Y J,Xia B,Feng Z Q,et al.The Character ist ics of Structural Styles and Hydrocarbon-bearing in the South Yellow Sea [J].Geological Review (in chinese),2004,50 (6) : 633～638．
[20] 吴志强.黄海地层岩石地球物理特征及其对地震勘探技术的挑战[J].中国海上油气,2003,17(6) :407～411． Wu Z Q.Petrophysical properties of yellow sea sediments and their challenges to seismic survey[J],China Offshore Oil And Gas(in chinese),2003,17(6) :407～411．
[21] 李鹏,刘伊克,常旭,等.多次波问题的研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3) :888～897． Li P,Liu Y K,Chang X,et al.Progress on the multiple problems[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2006,21 (3) :888～897．
[22] 王维红,崔宝文,刘洪.表面多次波衰减的研究现状与进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :156～1 64． Wang W H,Cui B W,Liu H.Research progress in surface-related multiple attenuation[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(1) :156～164．
[23] 李景叶,陈小宏,芮振华.基于匹配滤波的多次波压制方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :200～206． Li J Y,Chen X H,Rui Z H.Study on multiple attenuation method based on match filter[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(1) :200～206．
[24] 吴迪,杨长春.数据驱动型多次波衰减方法的研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1) :98～103． Wu D,Yang C C.Research on a fully-data driven multiple attenuation approach [J].Progress in Geophysics ( in Chinese),2008,23(1) :98～103．
[25] 黄新武,孙春岩,牛滨华,王焕弟,曾闽山.基于数据一致性预测与压制自由表面多次波-理论研究与试处理[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1) :173～180． Huang X W,Sun C Y,Niu B H,Wang H D,Zeng M S.Surfacerelated multiple prediction and suppression based on data consistence :A theoretical study and test[J].Chinese J.Geolphys.(in Chinese),2005,48(1) :173～180．
[26] 金德刚,常旭,刘伊克.逆子波域消除多次波方法研究[J]. 地球物理学报,2008,5l(1) :250～259． Jin D G,Chang X,Liu Y K.Research of multiple elimination method in inverse wavelet domain[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,50(1) :250～259．
[27] 金德刚,常旭,刘伊克.逆散射级数法预测层间多次波的算法改进及其策略[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4) :209～1217． Jin D G,Chang X,Liu Y K.Algorithm improvement and strategy of internal multiples prediction based on inverse scattering series method [J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(4) :1209～1217．
[28] Kennett B N.Seismic wave propagation in stratified media [M].London:Cambridge University Press,1983．
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心