二维反射地震在煤矿构造与采空区勘查中的应用
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摘要
很长时间以来,作为山西支柱产业的煤炭行业得到了迅猛的发展。但在煤炭资源的开采中经常会遇到诸如断层、陷落柱等地质构造给采掘带来的麻烦和安全隐患;另一方面由于采掘活动造成的地下采空区也给城市建设、交通规划、生态环境造成严重影响。因此有必要对矿区地质构造和采空区等进行勘探和圈定,以便为煤矿的合理、安全、高效生产和避让、处理采空区提供参考资料。笔者通过对多年来在煤系地层中勘探成果的分析,认为在对断层、陷落柱、采空区的勘查等方面,采用二维地震也能获得较好的效果,其与三维地震比较,虽然在勘探精度方面稍逊,但有经济、快速、方便的优点。本文主要从二维地震反射剖面的异常特征和勘探效果方面进行介绍,共同交流。
The coal industry as the key industry in Shanxi province has been rapidly developed for a long time. The trouble and potential safety problems from the geological structures such as faults and collapse columns are often encountered in the exploitation of coal resources.The mined-out area formed in mining activities also have the serious impact on the urban construction,transport planning and ecological environment. It is necessary to do the exploration and delineation for the mine geological structure and mined-out area so as to provide the references for the reasonable,safe and efficient production of coal mines and to avoid and treat mined-out areas. Through the analysis on the exploration results of coal strata for many years,the author believes that the 2-D seismic exploration for faults, collapse columns and mined-out area could obtain good results compared with the 3-D seismic exploration. Although the detection accuracy from the 2-D seismic exploration is not good enough, it has the advantages such as fast,convenience and low cost.The 2-D seismic reflection profiles from the anomalous characteristics and the exploration effects are introduced.
The coal industry as the key industry in Shanxi province has been rapidly developed for a long time. The trouble and potential safety problems from the geological structures such as faults and collapse columns are often encountered in the exploitation of coal resources.The mined-out area formed in mining activities also have the serious impact on the urban construction,transport planning and ecological environment. It is necessary to do the exploration and delineation for the mine geological structure and mined-out area so as to provide the references for the reasonable,safe and efficient production of coal mines and to avoid and treat mined-out areas. Through the analysis on the exploration results of coal strata for many years,the author believes that the 2-D seismic exploration for faults, collapse columns and mined-out area could obtain good results compared with the 3-D seismic exploration. Although the detection accuracy from the 2-D seismic exploration is not good enough, it has the advantages such as fast,convenience and low cost.The 2-D seismic reflection profiles from the anomalous characteristics and the exploration effects are introduced.
引文
[1]王振东．浅层地震勘探应用技术[M]．北京：地质出版社，1994．
[2]何焦登．地震勘探[M]．北京：地质出版社，1993．
[3]王锦样．现代煤田地质勘探、煤矿矿井物探及测井新技术新方法实用手册[M]．北京：中国煤炭出版社，2006．
[2]何焦登．地震勘探[M]．北京：地质出版社，1993．
[3]王锦样．现代煤田地质勘探、煤矿矿井物探及测井新技术新方法实用手册[M]．北京：中国煤炭出版社，2006．
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