基于分量分离方法的地震动反应谱
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摘要
地震动反应谱统计分析中存在的离散性一直是影响设计谱精确估计的重要因素.地震动加速度反应谱离散性偏大的区段主要集中于长周期部分.为了进一步研究地震动反应谱及其长周期段的特征,建立了一个综合强地震动数据库,考虑地震动反应谱的特征将强震记录分为普通型和低频型2类,采用数字滤波方法将低频型地震动中的长周期分量分离,引入了一种2阶段平稳简谐地震动模型用于等效所分离的低频分量.结果表明:滤波后的低频型地震动与普通型地震动反应谱仍有明显差别;低频型地震动与分离后得到的低频分量以及高、中频分量参数间存在一定的相关性;指出普通型地震动与低频型地震动的设计谱须分别单独标定,其中普通型地震动设计谱采用平均谱标定,低频型地震动设计谱可以在普通型地震动设计谱标定方法的基础上对长周期段进行修正得到.该研究为地震动反应谱特征及规律的认识提供了新的方法,为设计谱的精确标定提供了参考和依据.
The large discreteness has been the key factor affecting the accurate estimation of design spectra in the statistical analysis of ground motion response spectrum. Long-period portion in ground motion response spectrum usually exhibit larger discreteness. To further study the response spectrum and its long-period characteristics,a comprehensive strong ground motion database was established. The strong motion records were divided into two categories,ordinary type and low-frequency type,by considering the characteristics of ground motion response spectrum;the digital filtering method was adopted to separate the long-period component from the low frequency type motions;then,a two-stage smooth harmonic model was introduced to simulate the separated component. Results show that response spectral characteristics of the filtered low frequency type motions are still very different from those of the ordinary type;there are some correlations in between low frequency motions,low frequency components and the filtered high and median frequency components. It is stressed that the design spectra of ordinary type ground motion and low frequency ground type motion must be calibrated separately. For ordinary motions,design spectra can be constructed by using the average spectra,while for low frequency motions design spectra can be obtained by modifying the spectra of the long period. The study not only provides a new approach to the analysis of response spectrum,but also is helpful in the precise calibrating of design spectra.
The large discreteness has been the key factor affecting the accurate estimation of design spectra in the statistical analysis of ground motion response spectrum. Long-period portion in ground motion response spectrum usually exhibit larger discreteness. To further study the response spectrum and its long-period characteristics,a comprehensive strong ground motion database was established. The strong motion records were divided into two categories,ordinary type and low-frequency type,by considering the characteristics of ground motion response spectrum;the digital filtering method was adopted to separate the long-period component from the low frequency type motions;then,a two-stage smooth harmonic model was introduced to simulate the separated component. Results show that response spectral characteristics of the filtered low frequency type motions are still very different from those of the ordinary type;there are some correlations in between low frequency motions,low frequency components and the filtered high and median frequency components. It is stressed that the design spectra of ordinary type ground motion and low frequency ground type motion must be calibrated separately. For ordinary motions,design spectra can be constructed by using the average spectra,while for low frequency motions design spectra can be obtained by modifying the spectra of the long period. The study not only provides a new approach to the analysis of response spectrum,but also is helpful in the precise calibrating of design spectra.
引文
[1]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.Hu Yuxian.Earthquake Engineering[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2006(in Chinese).
[2]徐龙军,谢礼立,胡进军.抗震设计谱的发展及相关问题综述[J].世界地震工程,2007,23(2):46-57.Xu Longjun,Xie Lili,Hu Jinjun.The review of development and certain problems in seismic design spectra[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2007,23(2):46-57(in Chinese).
[3]Seed H B,Ugas C,Lysmer J.Site-dependent spectra for earthquake-resistance design[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1976,66(1):221-243.
[4]Tehranizadeh M,Hamedi F.Influence of earthquake source parameters and damping on elastic response spectra for Iranian earthquakes[J].Engineering Structures,2002,24(7):933-943.
[5]周雍年.震级、震中距和场地条件对地面运动反应谱的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,1984,4(4):14-21.Zhou Yongnian.The influences of magnitude,epicenter and site conditions on ground motion response spectra[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1984,4(4):14-21(in Chinese).
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[11]李春锋,张旸,赵金宝,等.台湾集集大地震及其余震的长周期地震动特性[J].地震学报,2006,28(4):417-428.Li Chunfeng,Zhang Yang,Zhao Jinbao,et al.Longperiod ground motion characteristics of the 1999 ChiChi,Taiwan,mainshock and aftershocks[J].Acta Seismological Sinica,2006,28(4):417-428(in Chinese).
[12]吴迪,罗奇峰,罗永峰.长周期地震波的研究进展[J].地震研究,2007,30(3):296-302.Wu Di,Luo Qifeng,Luo Yongfeng.Development of long-period seismic wave research[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2007,30(3):296-302(in Chinese).
[13]俞言祥.长周期地震动研究综述[J].国际地震动态,2004,30(7):1-5.Yu Yanxiang.Review of long-period ground motion study[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,2004,30(7):1-5(in Chinese).
[14]谢礼立,周雍年,胡成祥,等.地震动反应谱的长周期特性[J].地震工程与工程振动,1990,10(1):1-19.Xie Lili,Zhou Yongnian,Hu Chengxiang,et al.Ground motion response spectrum’s long-period characteristics[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1990,10(1):1-19(in Chinese).
[15]Ruiz S,Saragoni G R.Free vibration of soils during large earthquakes[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2009,29:1-16.
[16]Baker J W.Quantitative classification of near-fault ground motions using wavelet analysis[J].Bulletin of Seismological Society of America,2007,97(5):1486-1501.
[17]Ghahari S F,Jahankhah H,Ghannad M A.Study on elastic response of structures to near-fault ground motions through record decomposition[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2010,30(7):536-546.
[18]中华人民共和国标准.GB50011—2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.The Standard of the People's Republic of China.GB50011—2001 Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2001(in Chinese).
[19]周雍年,周正华,于海英.设计反应谱长周期区段的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(2):15-18.Zhou Yongnian,Zhou Zhenghua,Yu Haiying.A study on long period portion of design spectra[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2004,24(2):15-18(in Chinese).
[20]翁大根,徐植信.对上海市抗震设计反应谱及时程曲线的认识[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(1):79-83.Weng Dagen,Xu Zhixin.Understanding of seismic design spectrum for Shanghai[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2001,21(1):79-83(in Chinese).
[21]徐龙军,谢礼立.场地相关双规准化地震动加速度反应谱[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2004,36(8):1061-1064.Xu Longjun,Xie Lili.Site-dependent bi-normalized earthquake acceleration response spectra[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2004,36(8):1061-1064(in Chinese).
[2]徐龙军,谢礼立,胡进军.抗震设计谱的发展及相关问题综述[J].世界地震工程,2007,23(2):46-57.Xu Longjun,Xie Lili,Hu Jinjun.The review of development and certain problems in seismic design spectra[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2007,23(2):46-57(in Chinese).
[3]Seed H B,Ugas C,Lysmer J.Site-dependent spectra for earthquake-resistance design[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1976,66(1):221-243.
[4]Tehranizadeh M,Hamedi F.Influence of earthquake source parameters and damping on elastic response spectra for Iranian earthquakes[J].Engineering Structures,2002,24(7):933-943.
[5]周雍年.震级、震中距和场地条件对地面运动反应谱的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,1984,4(4):14-21.Zhou Yongnian.The influences of magnitude,epicenter and site conditions on ground motion response spectra[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1984,4(4):14-21(in Chinese).
[6]Wang G Q,Zhou X Y,Zhang P Z,et al.Characteristics of amplitude and during for near fault strong ground motion from the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan earthquake[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22(1):73-96.
[7]Li Xiaojun,Zhou Zhenghua,Yu Haiyin,et al.Strong motion observations and recordings from the great Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,7(3):235-246.
[8]Beck J L,Hall J F.Factors contributing to the catastrophe in Mexico City during the earthquake of September19,1985[J].Geophys Res Lett,1986,13(6):593-596
[9]Koketsu K,Hatayama K,Furumura T,et al.Damaging long-period ground motions from the 2003 Mw8.3Tokachi-oki,Japan,earthquake[J].Seismol Res Lett,2005,76:67-73.
[10]徐龙军,胡进军,谢礼立.特殊长周期地震动的参数特征研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(6):20-27.Xu Longjun,Hu Jinjun,Xie Lili.On characteristics of ground motion parameters for special long-period ground motions[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,28(6):20-27(in Chinese).
[11]李春锋,张旸,赵金宝,等.台湾集集大地震及其余震的长周期地震动特性[J].地震学报,2006,28(4):417-428.Li Chunfeng,Zhang Yang,Zhao Jinbao,et al.Longperiod ground motion characteristics of the 1999 ChiChi,Taiwan,mainshock and aftershocks[J].Acta Seismological Sinica,2006,28(4):417-428(in Chinese).
[12]吴迪,罗奇峰,罗永峰.长周期地震波的研究进展[J].地震研究,2007,30(3):296-302.Wu Di,Luo Qifeng,Luo Yongfeng.Development of long-period seismic wave research[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2007,30(3):296-302(in Chinese).
[13]俞言祥.长周期地震动研究综述[J].国际地震动态,2004,30(7):1-5.Yu Yanxiang.Review of long-period ground motion study[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,2004,30(7):1-5(in Chinese).
[14]谢礼立,周雍年,胡成祥,等.地震动反应谱的长周期特性[J].地震工程与工程振动,1990,10(1):1-19.Xie Lili,Zhou Yongnian,Hu Chengxiang,et al.Ground motion response spectrum’s long-period characteristics[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1990,10(1):1-19(in Chinese).
[15]Ruiz S,Saragoni G R.Free vibration of soils during large earthquakes[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2009,29:1-16.
[16]Baker J W.Quantitative classification of near-fault ground motions using wavelet analysis[J].Bulletin of Seismological Society of America,2007,97(5):1486-1501.
[17]Ghahari S F,Jahankhah H,Ghannad M A.Study on elastic response of structures to near-fault ground motions through record decomposition[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2010,30(7):536-546.
[18]中华人民共和国标准.GB50011—2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.The Standard of the People's Republic of China.GB50011—2001 Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2001(in Chinese).
[19]周雍年,周正华,于海英.设计反应谱长周期区段的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(2):15-18.Zhou Yongnian,Zhou Zhenghua,Yu Haiying.A study on long period portion of design spectra[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2004,24(2):15-18(in Chinese).
[20]翁大根,徐植信.对上海市抗震设计反应谱及时程曲线的认识[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(1):79-83.Weng Dagen,Xu Zhixin.Understanding of seismic design spectrum for Shanghai[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2001,21(1):79-83(in Chinese).
[21]徐龙军,谢礼立.场地相关双规准化地震动加速度反应谱[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2004,36(8):1061-1064.Xu Longjun,Xie Lili.Site-dependent bi-normalized earthquake acceleration response spectra[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2004,36(8):1061-1064(in Chinese).
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