有限运力条件下的地震救灾物资调度模型及方法
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摘要
救灾物资的调度是地震救灾工作中的一个重要环节。如何将地震救灾物资以时间最短、安全性最高及经济性最好的方式运送到物资需求点是救灾物资调度的关键。本文从时效性、安全性及经济性方面考虑了地震救灾物资的调度问题。建立了运力不足的条件下,时间最短、出救点数目最少、安全性最高的地震救灾物资调度数学优化模型;将问题转化为不受运力约束的情况,求解出可行方案的集合,再利用模糊规划对每个可行方案求最优解;通过比较最优解,求出"时间最短,出救点数目最少,安全性最高"的方案。最后,通过一个仿真算例阐述了本文方法的使用。
The scheduling of relief supplies is an important link in earthquake relief work.How to transport earthquake relief supplies safely,economically,and quickly to the demanding areas is a key problem in scheduling the relief supplies.In this paper,the supply scheduling is considered from aspects of timeliness,safety,and economy.Under the transport capacity,a mathematical model for the earthquake relief supplies is established to minimize the time and the number of depots,and to maximize the safety.Firstly,the original problem constrained by the transport capacity is transformed into an optimizing one without constraints to solve the sets of feasible solutions.Secondly,the best solutions for each feasible set are solved by the fuzzy programming,and then the optimal solution,with the shortest time,the least number of the depots,and the highest safety,is selected by comparing the best solutions.Finally,how to use this method is demonstrated by a simulation example.
The scheduling of relief supplies is an important link in earthquake relief work.How to transport earthquake relief supplies safely,economically,and quickly to the demanding areas is a key problem in scheduling the relief supplies.In this paper,the supply scheduling is considered from aspects of timeliness,safety,and economy.Under the transport capacity,a mathematical model for the earthquake relief supplies is established to minimize the time and the number of depots,and to maximize the safety.Firstly,the original problem constrained by the transport capacity is transformed into an optimizing one without constraints to solve the sets of feasible solutions.Secondly,the best solutions for each feasible set are solved by the fuzzy programming,and then the optimal solution,with the shortest time,the least number of the depots,and the highest safety,is selected by comparing the best solutions.Finally,how to use this method is demonstrated by a simulation example.
引文
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[5]张毅,郭晓汾,王笑风.应急救援物资车辆运输线路的选择[J].安全与环境学报,2006,6(3):51-53.Zhang Y,Guo X F,Wang X F.Emergency recoverycommodity vehicles transportation line choice[J].Se-curity and Environment Journal,2006,6(3):51-53.
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[7]刘春林,何建民,盛昭瀚.应急系统调度问题的模糊规划方法[J].系统工程学报,1999,14(4):352-355.Liu C L,He J M,Sheng Z H.Fuzzy programming inselection of multi-depot for emergency systems[J].Journal of Systems Engineering,1999,14(4):352-355.
[8]王杏.救灾物流中的物资调运模型研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2007.Wang X.Study of Supplies Distribution Model in Re-lief Logistics[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong Universi-ty,2007.
[2]Barbarosoglu G,Arda Y.A two-stage stochastic pro-gramming framework for transportation planning indisaster response[J].Journal of Operational ResearchSociety,2004,(55):43-53.
[3]戴更新,达庆利.多资源组合应急调度问题的研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2000,20(9):52-55.Dai G X,Da Q L.The study of combinatorialscheduling problem in emergency systems[J].Sys-tems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2000,20(9):52-55.
[4]何建民,刘春林.限制期条件下应急车辆调度问题的模糊优化方法[J].控制与决策,2001,(3):318-321.He J M,Liu C L.Fuzzy programming problem forvehicle dispatch under time restriction[J].Controland Decision,2001,(3):318-321.
[5]张毅,郭晓汾,王笑风.应急救援物资车辆运输线路的选择[J].安全与环境学报,2006,6(3):51-53.Zhang Y,Guo X F,Wang X F.Emergency recoverycommodity vehicles transportation line choice[J].Se-curity and Environment Journal,2006,6(3):51-53.
[6]何建民,刘春林,曹杰,等.应急管理与应急系统[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.He J M,Liu C L,Cao J,et al.Emergency Manage-ment and Emergency System[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2005.
[7]刘春林,何建民,盛昭瀚.应急系统调度问题的模糊规划方法[J].系统工程学报,1999,14(4):352-355.Liu C L,He J M,Sheng Z H.Fuzzy programming inselection of multi-depot for emergency systems[J].Journal of Systems Engineering,1999,14(4):352-355.
[8]王杏.救灾物流中的物资调运模型研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2007.Wang X.Study of Supplies Distribution Model in Re-lief Logistics[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong Universi-ty,2007.
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