海上地震资料多次波特征分析
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摘要
多次波是海上地震资料的主要干扰波,压制多次波的前提是正确地识别多次波。由于多次波有多种类型、多个周期,形成机制又相当复杂,因此研究多次波特征就显得十分重要。本文以B区海上资料为例,通过炮集多次波时距关系分析、海水速度计算、多次波速度谱特征总结、共炮检距道集自相关分析、SRME波动方程多次波预测,系统地研究了复杂地震资料多次波的基本特征,初步掌握了该区多次波的形成机制,从而为多次波的压制提供了理论依据。
Multiples are the major noise for offshore seismic data,the key to eliminate the multiples is to recognize the noise.The multiples have many types,multi-cycles and their formation mechanisms are complex,thus it is necessary to study the multiple characteristics.Based on offshore seismic data from B-Block and through analysis of multiple time-distance curves for shot gathers、sea water velocity calculation、analysis of velocity spectrum for the multiples、 common-offset gather auto-correlation analysis and SRME(Surface-related multiple elimination) wave equation multiple prediction,the basic multiple characteristics were thoroughly studied and the brief multiple formation mechanisms were found out,it is believed that the studies provided the theoretic foundation for multiple suppression.
Multiples are the major noise for offshore seismic data,the key to eliminate the multiples is to recognize the noise.The multiples have many types,multi-cycles and their formation mechanisms are complex,thus it is necessary to study the multiple characteristics.Based on offshore seismic data from B-Block and through analysis of multiple time-distance curves for shot gathers、sea water velocity calculation、analysis of velocity spectrum for the multiples、 common-offset gather auto-correlation analysis and SRME(Surface-related multiple elimination) wave equation multiple prediction,the basic multiple characteristics were thoroughly studied and the brief multiple formation mechanisms were found out,it is believed that the studies provided the theoretic foundation for multiple suppression.
引文
[1]Peacock K L and Treitel S.Predictive deconvolution-theory and practices.Geophysics,1969,34(2):155～169
[2]Hampson D.Inverse velocity stacking and multiple eli mination.Journal ofthe Canadian Society of Ex-ploration Geophysicists,1986,22:44～55
[3]Foster J and Mosher C.Suppression of multiple re-flections using the radon transform.Geophysics,1992,57:386～395.
[4]张军华,吕宁,雷凌等.抛物线拉东变换消除多次波的应用要素分析.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(4):398～405
[5]Berkhout,A J and Verschuur,D J.Esti mation of multiple scattering byiterativeinversion.Part I:The-oretical considerations.Geophysics,1997,62(5):1586～1595
[6]Verschuur DJ,Berkhout AJ and Wapenaar C P A.Adaptive surface-related multiple eli mination.Geo-physics,1992,57(9):1166～1177
[7]Verschuur D J and Berkhout A J.Esti mation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion.Part II:Practical aspects and examples.Geophysics,1997,62(5):1596～1611
[8]陈瑜,魏赟,葛勇.东海盆地L凹陷多次波分析与压制.中国海上油气,2004,16(6):373～376.
[9]李振春,张军华.地震数据处理方法.山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2004
[10]周振晓.基于反馈环的多次波压制方法研究.中国石油大学硕士论文,2008
[2]Hampson D.Inverse velocity stacking and multiple eli mination.Journal ofthe Canadian Society of Ex-ploration Geophysicists,1986,22:44～55
[3]Foster J and Mosher C.Suppression of multiple re-flections using the radon transform.Geophysics,1992,57:386～395.
[4]张军华,吕宁,雷凌等.抛物线拉东变换消除多次波的应用要素分析.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(4):398～405
[5]Berkhout,A J and Verschuur,D J.Esti mation of multiple scattering byiterativeinversion.Part I:The-oretical considerations.Geophysics,1997,62(5):1586～1595
[6]Verschuur DJ,Berkhout AJ and Wapenaar C P A.Adaptive surface-related multiple eli mination.Geo-physics,1992,57(9):1166～1177
[7]Verschuur D J and Berkhout A J.Esti mation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion.Part II:Practical aspects and examples.Geophysics,1997,62(5):1596～1611
[8]陈瑜,魏赟,葛勇.东海盆地L凹陷多次波分析与压制.中国海上油气,2004,16(6):373～376.
[9]李振春,张军华.地震数据处理方法.山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2004
[10]周振晓.基于反馈环的多次波压制方法研究.中国石油大学硕士论文,2008
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