利用独立分量分析技术对油气富集区进行地震识别
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摘要
地下地质体可等效地分成地质体几何形态、地质体骨架属性、流体属性和噪音4个相互独立"基本结构因子"。地震观测信号可等效地看成是地下地质体4个"基本结构因子"信号源的线性混叠信号,利用独立分量分析技术(ICA)可从混叠信号中提取出这些相互独立的信号源,从而可提取出隐含在地震观测信号中的含油气性(流体属性)和沉积相(骨架属性)等有用的信息。利用ICA技术从地震属性中分离出相互独立信号源的地质解释,主要依靠对工区现有的地质研究成果来赋予它实际的地质含义,这具有一定的主观随意性,可通过信息熵等其他数学方法减小这种解释的主观性。
The subsurface geologic bodies are divided into four independent elementary structure factors,including geologic body geometry,geologic body matrix property,liquid property and noise.The seismic observation signal is equivalent to the linear aliasing signal taking above four elementary structure factors as signal source.The independent signal source can be extracted from aliasing signal by the use of independent component analysis(ICA) technique.Some available information such as petroliferous and sedimentary micro-facies information connotatively existing in seismic observation signal can be extracted.The actual geologic significance of the geologic explanation of independent signal source separated from the seismic attribute by the use of ICA technique can be given according to the existing geologic research results.This method will result in some subjective explanation,which can be reduced by the use of some mathematic methods such as information entropy.
The subsurface geologic bodies are divided into four independent elementary structure factors,including geologic body geometry,geologic body matrix property,liquid property and noise.The seismic observation signal is equivalent to the linear aliasing signal taking above four elementary structure factors as signal source.The independent signal source can be extracted from aliasing signal by the use of independent component analysis(ICA) technique.Some available information such as petroliferous and sedimentary micro-facies information connotatively existing in seismic observation signal can be extracted.The actual geologic significance of the geologic explanation of independent signal source separated from the seismic attribute by the use of ICA technique can be given according to the existing geologic research results.This method will result in some subjective explanation,which can be reduced by the use of some mathematic methods such as information entropy.
引文
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[16]郭黔杰,康永尚,朱强,等.支持石油勘探开发决策的新方法———分形几何与地质统计学[J].石油学报,1998,19(2):36-39.Guo Qianjie,Kang Yongshang,Zhu Qiang,et al.New methodsfor supportings decision making in petroleum exploration and de-velopment:Fractal geometry and geostatistics[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,1998,19(2):36-39.
[17]吴因业,顾家裕,Cedric G,等.塔里木盆地满西区块强制海退体系域沉积模式[J].石油学报,2003,24(4):21-25.Wu Yinye,Gu Jiayu,Cedric G,et al.Depositional model forforced regressive systems tract of Manxi Block in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(4):21-25.
[18]杨竹青,李勇,胡德文,等.独立成分分析方法综述[J].自动化学报,2002,28(5):762-772.Yang Zhuqing,Li Yong,Hu Dewen,et al.Independent compo-nent analysis:A survey[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,2002,28(5):762-772.
[2]李章勇,向天雨,殷跃辉,等.心动周期信号中独立成分的分离[J].生物医学工程学杂志,2004,21(3):401-405.Li Zhangyong,Xiang Tianyu,Yin Yuehui,et al.Separating inde-pendent components in heart period signal[J].Journal of Bio-medical Engineering,2004,21(3):401-405.
[3]周俊临,傅彦,吴跃.基于自适用学习率独立分量分析的图像盲分离[J].计算机工程与应用,2007,43(5):21-23.Zhou Junlin,Fu Yan,Wu Yue.Blind separation of images usingadaptive learning rate independent analysis[J].Computer Engi-neering and Applications,2007,43(5):21-23.
[4]蒲强,刘启和,杨国纬.基于独立分量分析的图书馆个性化及时服务[J].计算机应用研究,2007,24(3):187-190.Pu Qiang,Liu Qihe,Yang Guowei.Personalized dynamic servicesin digital library based on independent component analysis[J].Application Research of Computers,2007,24(3):187-190.
[5]谢颖,高犁难,石振武.基于独立分量分析的公路工程造价属性重构模型[J].中外公路,2007,27(1):206-210.Xie Ying,Gao Li’nan,Shi Zhenwu.Attribute re-building model ofexpressway engineering cost based on independent component analysis[J].Journal of China&Foreign Highway,2007,27(1):206-210.
[6]刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.快速独立分量变换与去噪初探[J].中国科学院研究生学报,2003,20(4):488-492.Liu Xiwu,Liu Hong,Li Youming.Independent component trans-formation and its testing application on seismic noise elimination[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy ofSciences,2003,20(4):488-492.
[7]葸晓宇,刘洪,曾锐,等.浅水型河流相的ICA地震识别方法[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):856-863.Xi Xiaoyu,Liu Hong,Zeng Rui,et al.ICA seismic identificationof shallow channel sedimentary subfacies[J].Progress in Geo-physics,2006,21(3):856-863.
[8]陈遵德,郭爱华.地震数据预测渗透率问题的讨论[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(Supplement2):86-90.Chen Zunde,Guo Aihua.Discussion on permeability prediction byseismic data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1998,33(Supplement2):86-90.
[9]马中高,管路平,贺振华,等.利用模型正演优选地震属性进行储层预测[J].石油学报,2003,24(3):35-39.Ma Zhonggao,Guan Luping,He Zhenhua,et al.Reservoir char-acterization using seismic attributes optimized with rock physicsmodeling[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(3):35-39.
[10]杜奉屏.油矿地球物理测井[M].北京:地质出版社,1984:82-90.Du Fengping.Oil field geophysics well logging[M].Beijing:Geo-logical Publishing House,1984:82-90.
[11]王永,时文刚,吕涛.ICA及其在往复泵多源信号分离中的应用[J].石油矿场机械,2003,32(5):62-64.Wang Yong,Shi Wengang,LüTao.ICA and its application toseparation of multi-source signals in reciprocating pumps[J].OilField Equipment,2003,32(5):62-64.
[12]张洪渊,贾鹏,史习智.确定盲分离中未知信号源个数的奇异值分解法[J].上海交通大学学报,2001,35(8):1 155-1 158.Zhang Hongyuan,Jia Peng,Shi Xizhi.Determination of the num-ber of source signals in blind source separation by singular valuedecomposition[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2001,35(8):1 155-1 158.
[13]郭辉,李宏光.独立分量分析结合数据划分的故障检测方法[J].计算机仿真,2007,24(1):83-106.Guo Hui,Li Hongguang.A method of fault detection with inde-pendent component analysis combining data division[J].Comput-er Simulation,2007,24(1):83-106.
[14]吴浩江,张辉,郑崇勋,等.功率谱熵在局灶性缺血性脑损伤无创检测中的应用[J].生物医学工程学杂志,2003,20(2):229-232.Wu Haojiang,Zhang Hui,Zheng Chongxun,et al.Application ofpower spectral entropy to the noninvasive detection of focal is-chemic cerebral injury[J].Journal of Biomedical Engineering,2003,20(2):229-232.
[15]杨志安,王光瑞,陈式刚.用等间距分格子法集算互信息函数确定延迟时间[J].计算物理,1995,12(4):442-448.Yang Zhi’an,Wang Guangrui,Chen Shigang.Determination ofdelay time by calculation mutual information with equally distantspace cells[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,1995,12(4):442-448.
[16]郭黔杰,康永尚,朱强,等.支持石油勘探开发决策的新方法———分形几何与地质统计学[J].石油学报,1998,19(2):36-39.Guo Qianjie,Kang Yongshang,Zhu Qiang,et al.New methodsfor supportings decision making in petroleum exploration and de-velopment:Fractal geometry and geostatistics[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,1998,19(2):36-39.
[17]吴因业,顾家裕,Cedric G,等.塔里木盆地满西区块强制海退体系域沉积模式[J].石油学报,2003,24(4):21-25.Wu Yinye,Gu Jiayu,Cedric G,et al.Depositional model forforced regressive systems tract of Manxi Block in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(4):21-25.
[18]杨竹青,李勇,胡德文,等.独立成分分析方法综述[J].自动化学报,2002,28(5):762-772.Yang Zhuqing,Li Yong,Hu Dewen,et al.Independent compo-nent analysis:A survey[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,2002,28(5):762-772.
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