地震波分辨率的分类研究及偏移对分辨率的影响
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摘要
地震波的分辨率一直是地震勘探技术研究的重要课题,而自偏移技术问世以来,它对分辨率的影响也一直是本领域最重要的研究内容。本文通过对目前分辨率的分类、定义及在计算方法上存在的问题进行分析,把地震分辨率分为法向分辨率和空间分辨率,并给出计算空间分辨率的方法。法向分辨率是分辨反射界面间隔的能力;而空间分辨率是分辨地质体大小和间隔的能力,不应是横向上分辨反射界面间隔的能力。空间分辨率应当用菲涅耳带而不是地震波横向上的波数来衡量。偏移技术是通过缩小菲涅耳带而并非压缩空间子波来提高空间分辨率。文中还给出了非零炮检距菲涅耳带的计算方法。
Seismic wave resolution study is always an important subject in seismic exploration. Since migration technique was invented, its affect to resolution has been always the most important content in the area. By analyzing and studying resolution classification, definition and problem in calculation and algorithm, the seismic resolution was divided into vertical resolution and spatial resolution and calculation method for spatial resolution was presented in this paper. It is believed by the author that the vertical resolution is the ability to resolve the reflection interfaces, while the spatial resolution is the ability to resolve the size and interval of geological body, not the ability to resolve reflection interfaces horizontally, the spatial resolution should be judged by Fresnel Zone, not by horizontal seismic wave numbers, the seismic migration should be conducted by decreasing Fresnel Zone, not by shrinking spatial wavelet to raise spatial resolution. The calculation method of non-offset Fresnel Zone were presented in this paper.
Seismic wave resolution study is always an important subject in seismic exploration. Since migration technique was invented, its affect to resolution has been always the most important content in the area. By analyzing and studying resolution classification, definition and problem in calculation and algorithm, the seismic resolution was divided into vertical resolution and spatial resolution and calculation method for spatial resolution was presented in this paper. It is believed by the author that the vertical resolution is the ability to resolve the reflection interfaces, while the spatial resolution is the ability to resolve the size and interval of geological body, not the ability to resolve reflection interfaces horizontally, the spatial resolution should be judged by Fresnel Zone, not by horizontal seismic wave numbers, the seismic migration should be conducted by decreasing Fresnel Zone, not by shrinking spatial wavelet to raise spatial resolution. The calculation method of non-offset Fresnel Zone were presented in this paper.
引文
[1]母国光,战元令.光学.北京:人民教育出版社,1978
[2]Ricker N.Wavelet contraction,wavelet expansion,and the control of seismic resolution.Geophysics,1953,18(4):769~792
[3]Widess M B.How thin is a thin bed-Geophysics,1973,38(6):1176~1180
[4]贺振华主编.反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法.重庆:重庆大学出版社,1989
[5]李建朝,何樵登.偏移方法的横向分辨率特性.石油物探,1986,25(4):62~69
[6]Gijs J O Vermeer.3-D Seismic Survey Design.Geo-physical References,12,SEG,2002
[7]陈浩林等.广义空间分辨率讨论及应用.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(1):14~18
[8]Gijs J O Vermeer.Factors affecting spatial resolu-tion.The Leading Edge,1998,17(8):1025~1030
[9]云美厚.地震分辨率.勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(1):12~18
[10]云美厚,丁伟,王新红.地震水平分辨力研究与应用.勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(2):102~103
[11]Gijs J O Vermeer.Factors affecting spatial resolution.Geophysics,1999,64(3):942~953
[12]David von Seggern.Spatial resolution of acoustic i ma-ging with the Born approxi mation.Geophysics,1991,56(8):1185~1202
[2]Ricker N.Wavelet contraction,wavelet expansion,and the control of seismic resolution.Geophysics,1953,18(4):769~792
[3]Widess M B.How thin is a thin bed-Geophysics,1973,38(6):1176~1180
[4]贺振华主编.反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法.重庆:重庆大学出版社,1989
[5]李建朝,何樵登.偏移方法的横向分辨率特性.石油物探,1986,25(4):62~69
[6]Gijs J O Vermeer.3-D Seismic Survey Design.Geo-physical References,12,SEG,2002
[7]陈浩林等.广义空间分辨率讨论及应用.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(1):14~18
[8]Gijs J O Vermeer.Factors affecting spatial resolu-tion.The Leading Edge,1998,17(8):1025~1030
[9]云美厚.地震分辨率.勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(1):12~18
[10]云美厚,丁伟,王新红.地震水平分辨力研究与应用.勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(2):102~103
[11]Gijs J O Vermeer.Factors affecting spatial resolution.Geophysics,1999,64(3):942~953
[12]David von Seggern.Spatial resolution of acoustic i ma-ging with the Born approxi mation.Geophysics,1991,56(8):1185~1202
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