塔中顺南沙漠区碳酸盐岩天然气藏三维地震勘探技术
详细信息 本馆镜像全文    |  推荐本文 | | 获取馆网全文
摘要
塔中顺南沙漠区地表沙丘起伏大,地震信号吸收衰减剧烈,深层奥陶系碳酸盐岩目的层非均质性强,导致碳酸盐岩缝洞体及小断层成像精度不高、储层预测与圈闭落实难度大。为此,在该区统筹开展三维地震采集、目标处理、综合解释等一体化勘探技术攻关。首先,基于碳酸盐岩缝洞体目标优化采集方案设计,优化激发接收参数的采集技术,提高了采集数据质量;其次,在保幅、保真的前提下,形成了叠前时间偏移和逆时叠前深度偏移(RTM)成像技术等对奥陶系缝洞型储层反映敏感的关键参数及流程组合,提高了缝洞体及小断层的成像精度;再次,依据奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层类型及反射结构特征,分组段建立储层地震识别模式,开展储层敏感属性分析,形成了针对内幕缝洞型储层、一间房组储层及裂缝型储层的一系列储层预测及烃类检测技术;最终,建立了"断裂分区带、属性定边界"的圈闭落实与描述技术及"定类型、定控因、定模型、定技术、定目标"的"五定"目标优选与评价技术。多口钻井在该区实现天然气重大突破,证实了顺南沙漠区碳酸盐岩地层天然气藏的三维地震勘探技术的有效性及适用性。
In Shunan desert area of central Tarim Basin,large sand-dunes with large relief cause great attenuation and absorption of seismic signals. In addition,the deep Ordovician carbonates have strong heterogeneity. All these unfavorable conditions give rise to poor imaging of the fractured-vuggy reservoirs and small faults,bringing significant difficulties to reservoir prediction and trap identification. Therefore,in this paper,a comprehensive research of 3D seismic acquisition,target-oriented processing and interpretation is carried out to solve the above problems. First,a better acquisition scheme based on fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir imaging is designed,in which the shooting and receiving parameters are optimized to improve seismic data quality. Then,a series of imaging techniques like pre-stack time migration and RTM migration imagining with suitable key parameters for the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs are established to improve imaging precision of the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs and small faults while preserving true amplitude. In addition,according to the seismic reflection features and types of carbonate reservoirs in the Ordovician,a set of reservoir prediction and hydrocarbon detection techniques for fractured-vuggy reservoirs and fractured traps is developed including seismic pattern recognition of reservoir in different stratigraphic section and sensitive attributes analysis. Finally,special techniques of traps prediction and characterization are developed and they divide different zones by using faults and define borders of traps by using attributes. Techniques featuring in five factors including type,genesis,model and technique are developed for target optimization and evaluation. Several wells discovered natural gas in this area,providing a solid proof for the effectiveness and applicability of 3D seismic exploration technology of carbonate gas reservoir in Shunnan Desert Area.
引文
[1]刘群,李宗杰,禹金营,等.高精度三维地震技术应用效果分析-以塔河油田S48井区为例[J].石油物探,2010,49(6):573-583.Liu Qun,Li Zongjie,Yu Jinying,et al.Application analysis on high-precision 3D seismic technique:case study on S48 well area in Tahe Oilfield[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(6):573-583.
    [2]陈学强,杨举勇,简先知,等.塔中碳酸盐岩勘探小面元三维地震采集设计方法及应用效果[J].天然气工业,2007,27(增刊A):37-39.Chen Xueqiang,Yang Juyong,Jian Xianzhi,et al,The design method and application effect of carbonate exploration small patches 3D seismic acquisition in Tazhong area[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(S):37-39.
    [3]郭恺,仝兆岐,滕厚华.地震采集面元尺度与成像横向分辨能力分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(1):141-147.Guo Kai,Tong Zhaoqi,Teng Houhua.Analysis on bin size of seismic survey and lateral resolution of imaging[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(1):141-147.
    [4]徐颖.塔河油田高精度三维地震采集参数优化研究[J].石油物探,2014,53(1):68-76.Xu Ying.Optimization on the high-precision 3D seismic acquisition parameters in Tahe Oilfield[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2014,53(1):68-76.
    [5]陈学强,白文杰,黄有晖,等.高精度三维地震采集技术在塔中沙漠区碳酸盐岩勘探中的应用[J].石油物探,2011,50(1):76-81.Chen Xueqiang,Bai Wenjie,Huang Youhui,et al.Application of 3D high precision seismic acquisition technology for carbonate exploration in the Central Tarim Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(1):76-81.
    [6]孔剑冰,庄道川,高雁,等.塔里木盆地沙漠区低信噪比地震资料静校正和去噪方法[J].物探与化探,2005,29(3):257-260.Kong Jianbing,Zhuang Daochuan,Gao Yan,et al.A study of static correction and de-noising method for low signal-to-noise ratio seismic data from the desert area of Tarim Basin and its application[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2005,29(3):257-260.
    [7]马学军,费建博,王建斌,等.塔中奥陶系缝洞系统成像的配套处理技术研究[J].石油物探,2011,60(6):583-588.Ma Xuejun,Fei Jianbo,Wang Jianbin,et al.Study on the supporting processing techniques for the imaging of Ordovician fracture-cavity system in Tazhong area[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,60(6):583-588.
    [8]袁燎,黄广建,李道善,等.塔中地区沙漠地震资料处理技术[J].新疆石油地质,2011,32(3):298-300.Yang Liao,Huang Guangjian,Li Daoshan,et al.Desert seismic data processing technology in Tazhong area,Tarim Basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2011,32(3):298-300.
    [9]李继光,芮拥军,周纳.沙漠地区高精度地震资料处理技术[J].油气地球物理,2003,1(2):21-24.Li Jiguang,Rui Yongjun,Zhou Na.Desert high precision seismic data processing technology[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2003,1(2):21-24.
    [10]邱天林.沙漠地区地震资料处理方法研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(2):458-461.Qiu Tianlin.Study on the method of seismic data processingtechnology[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2004,43(2):458-461.
    [11]杨威,王建斌,胡鹏飞.逆时偏移法在复杂地区成像中的应用[J].新疆地质,2013,33(增刊):82-85.Yang Wei,Wang Jianbin,Hu Pengfei.The application of reverse-time migration imaging in complicated area[J].Xinjiang Geology,2013,33(S):82-85.
    [12]杨勤勇,段心标.逆时偏移技术发展现状与趋势[J].石油物探,2010,49(1):92-98.Yang Qinyong,Duan Xinbiao.Development status and trend of reverse time migration[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(1):92-98.
    [13]杨圣彬,刘军,李慧莉,等.塔中北围斜区北东向走滑断裂特征及其控油作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(6):797-802.Yang Shengbin,Liu Jun,Li Huili,et al.Characteristics of the NEtrending strike-slip fault system and its control on oil accumulation in north peri-cline area of the Tazhong paleouplift[J].Oil&Geology,2013,34(6):797-802.
    [14]李凌,谭秀成,陈景山.塔中北部中下奥陶统鹰山组白云岩特征及成因[J].西南石油大学学报,2007,29(1),34-36.Li Ling,Tan Xiucheng,Chen Jingshan.Characteristics and origin of dolostones in Yingshan formation,lower and middle Ordovician,north of central Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University,2007,29(1):34-36.
    [15]王嗣敏,金之钧,解启来.塔里木盆地塔中45井区碳酸盐岩储层的深部流体改造作用[J].地质论评,2004,50(5),543-547.Wang Simin,Jin Zhijun,Xie Qilai.Transforming effect of deep fluids on carbonate reservoirs in the well TZ45 region[J].Geology Review,2004,50(5):543-547.
    [16]金之钧,朱东亚,胡文瑄.塔里木盆地热液活动地质地球化学特征及其对储层影响[J].地质学报,2006,80(2),245-254.Jin Zhijun,Zhu Dongya,Hu Wenxuan.Geological and geochemical signatures of hydrothermal activity and their influence on carbonate reservoir beds in the Tarim Basin[J].Acta Geological Sinca,2006,80(2):245-254.
    [17]焦伟伟,吕修祥,周园园,等.塔里木盆地塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(2):199-206.Jiao Weiwei,LüXiuxiang,Zhou Yuanyuan,et al.Main controlling factors of the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in Tazhong area,the Tarim Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(2):199-206.
    [18]赵迎月,顾汉明,李宗杰,等.塔中地区奥陶系典型地震体地震识别模式[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2010,40(6):1262-1270.Zhao Yingyue,Gu Hanming,Li Zongjie,et al.The seismic wave field recognition mode of typical geological bodies in the Ordovician in Tazhong area[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2010,40(6):1262-1270.
    [19]宋桂桥,马灵伟,李宗杰.基于随机介质正演模拟的塔中顺南地区风化壳储层地震响应特征分析[J].石油物探,2013,52(3):307-312.Song Guiqiao,Ma Lingwei,Li Zongjie.The weathering crust reservoir seismic response characteristics analysis in Shunnan area of central Tarim Basin based on random medium forward modeling[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(3):307-312.
    [20]王保才,刘军,马灵伟,等.塔中顺南地区奥陶系缝洞型储层地震响应特征正演模拟分析[J].石油物探,2014,53(3):344-350.Wang Baocai,Liu Jun,Ma Lingwei,et al.Forward modeling for seismic response characteristics of the fracture-cavity Ordovician reservoir in Shunnan area of central Tarim Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2014,53(3):344-350.
    [21]杨江峰,关达,朱文斌,等.塔里木盆地塔中卡1三维工区碳酸盐岩储层预测技术与应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(1):61-69.Yang Jiangfeng,Guan Da,Zhu Wenbin,et al.Carbonate reservoir prediction technology and its application in Ka-1 3D acreage in Tazhong area,Tarim Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(1):61-69.
    [22]王昕,魏刚,刘歆,等.子波地震道分解与重构技术在复杂出错预测中的应用[J].断块油气田,2010,17(3):289-292.Wang Xin,Wei Gang,Liu Xin,et al.Application of seismic tracewavelet decomposition and reconfiguration technology in complex reservoir prediction[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2010,17(3):289-292.
    [23]黄跃,许多,文雪康.多子波分解与重构中子波的优选[J].石油物探,2013,52(1):17-22.Huang Yue,Xu Duo,Wen Xuekang.Optimization of wavelets in multi-wavelet decomposition andreconstruction method[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(1):17-22.
    [24]陈人杰,童思友,刘怀山,等.基于子波分解与重构的储层预测技术[J].海洋地质前沿,2014,30(1):55-61.Chen Renjie,Tong Siyou,Liu Huaishan,et al.Reservoir prediction technology based on wavelet decomposition and reconstruction[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2014,30(1):55-61.
    [25]刘群,李海英,邓光校.地震断裂检测技术在塔河油田南部碳酸盐岩储层及油藏预测中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(2):202-206.Liu Qun,Li Haiying,Deng Guangxiao.Application of seismic fault detection to carbonate reservoirprediction in southern Tahe oilfield[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2013,34(2):202-206.

版权所有:© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心