慢地震研究中的一些问题
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摘要
对慢地震研究中一些问题的研究现状进行了综述 ,包括 :慢地震的定义及特征、慢地震的识别和定位、慢地震孕育的地质构造背景和产生的物理机制、慢地震孕育和发生过程的数值模拟等 ,也涉及到长周期前兆与慢地震的关系、慢地震与应力触发、地震活动性的关系 .笔者认为 ,在中国起动慢地震研究 ,首先应解决慢地震识别、定位和震源机制问题 ,确切验证中国大陆是否存在慢地震 .为此需要加强各个地区的台网观测密度和发展宽频带地震仪、应变仪、GPS、InSAR的综合观测 ,并应加强对多种资料的综合理论分析及模拟的能力 .
Slow earthquakes are one of the forms of earthquake energy releases. The study of the dynamics of slow earthquakes has become a frontier of contemporary research with great impact. This paper reviews the status of the international and domestic research of slow earthquakes, including the definition and main features of slow earthquakes, their characters in kinematics and dynamics, its identification and location, generation of slow earthquakes and their relations to geological settings, their physical mechanism of occurrence, numerical simulation of the complete process of slow earthquake occurrences, and so on. The paper also reviews the relations between long period precursors and slow earthquakes, as well as the relations between slow earthquakes and stress triggering and seismicity. The observation and investigation of slow earthquakes are not only important for theoretical studies on instability of the faults, but also provide a new approach in exploring the short and imminent earthquakes prediction. In China, the study of slow earthquakes is in a preliminary stage.It is believed that the immediate task is to show solid evidence to identify and locate some continental slow earthquakes and study their mechanism. For this purpose, it is critical to strengthen the network density and deploy seismometers,strainmeters, GPS and INSAR to cover entire frequencies of the crust deformation. At the same time, the comprehensive ability to analyze various data and simulate slow earthquakes should be reinforced.
Slow earthquakes are one of the forms of earthquake energy releases. The study of the dynamics of slow earthquakes has become a frontier of contemporary research with great impact. This paper reviews the status of the international and domestic research of slow earthquakes, including the definition and main features of slow earthquakes, their characters in kinematics and dynamics, its identification and location, generation of slow earthquakes and their relations to geological settings, their physical mechanism of occurrence, numerical simulation of the complete process of slow earthquake occurrences, and so on. The paper also reviews the relations between long period precursors and slow earthquakes, as well as the relations between slow earthquakes and stress triggering and seismicity. The observation and investigation of slow earthquakes are not only important for theoretical studies on instability of the faults, but also provide a new approach in exploring the short and imminent earthquakes prediction. In China, the study of slow earthquakes is in a preliminary stage.It is believed that the immediate task is to show solid evidence to identify and locate some continental slow earthquakes and study their mechanism. For this purpose, it is critical to strengthen the network density and deploy seismometers,strainmeters, GPS and INSAR to cover entire frequencies of the crust deformation. At the same time, the comprehensive ability to analyze various data and simulate slow earthquakes should be reinforced.
引文
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