芦山M_S7.0地震长波辐射异常现象
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摘要
以静止卫星长波辐射资料为数据源,应用功率谱相对变化法对芦山MS7.0地震进行分析研究.结果表明,芦山地震前在龙门山断裂带上及其西北地区出现了明显的长波辐射功率谱信息异常现象,芦山地震发生在功率谱增强范围区的边缘.临震时功率谱相对变化率幅值达到近几年来的相对极值,约为平均值的8倍,功率谱幅值(相对变化率)大于平均值2倍的持续时间约为65天,功率谱幅值最大时大于平均值6倍的异常面积达12万km2.短临异常信息表现特征与之前的中国大陆MS≥6.5地震研究结果基本一致.强震长波辐射功率谱信息特征幅值极值、功率谱增强持续时间等短临异常特征识别较为容易,且长波辐射资料可实时更新,未来可将其应用于监测地震重点危险区,特别是监测能力较差的强震多发区.
Based on the outgoing long-wave radiation data of geostationary satellite,the relative variance rate of power spectrum estimation is applied to analytical study of OLR for the Lushan MS7.0 earthquake on 20 April 2013.The results indicate that the power spectrum anomalies of OLR arose significantly before the Lushan earthquake.The earthquake happened in the edge of the power spectrum enhancement areas.On short-impending period of the earthquake,power spectrum amplitude of OLR reached relative maximum in recent years,being eight times as large as average values.The duration of power spectrum amplitude(viz.relative change rate more than twice of average)was about 65 days.The extreme areas for power spectrum enhancement amplitude(viz.relative change rate more than 6 times)reached 120 thousand square kilometers.The short-impending anomaly distribution of this earthquake is basically consistent with the previous results of MS≥6.5 earthquakes in Chinese mainland.The characteristics of observed thermal-radiating anomalies are easy to be recognized,and the outgoing long-wave radiation data can be updated in real time.Therefore,it is able to be used to monitor the key earthquake hazardous areas,specially the frequent strong earthquake zone with the worse seismic-monitoring capability.
Based on the outgoing long-wave radiation data of geostationary satellite,the relative variance rate of power spectrum estimation is applied to analytical study of OLR for the Lushan MS7.0 earthquake on 20 April 2013.The results indicate that the power spectrum anomalies of OLR arose significantly before the Lushan earthquake.The earthquake happened in the edge of the power spectrum enhancement areas.On short-impending period of the earthquake,power spectrum amplitude of OLR reached relative maximum in recent years,being eight times as large as average values.The duration of power spectrum amplitude(viz.relative change rate more than twice of average)was about 65 days.The extreme areas for power spectrum enhancement amplitude(viz.relative change rate more than 6 times)reached 120 thousand square kilometers.The short-impending anomaly distribution of this earthquake is basically consistent with the previous results of MS≥6.5 earthquakes in Chinese mainland.The characteristics of observed thermal-radiating anomalies are easy to be recognized,and the outgoing long-wave radiation data can be updated in real time.Therefore,it is able to be used to monitor the key earthquake hazardous areas,specially the frequent strong earthquake zone with the worse seismic-monitoring capability.
引文
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Saraf A K,Rawat V,Banerjee P,Choudhury S,Panda S K,Dasgupta S,Das J D.2008.Satellite detection of earthquake thermal infrared precursors in Iran[J].Nature Hazards,47:119--135.
Tronin A A,Hayakawa M,Molchanov O A.2002.Thermal IR satellite data application for earthquake research in Japan and China[J].J Geodyn,33(4/5):519--534.
Zhang Y S,Guo X,Zhong M J,Shen W R,Li W,He B.2010.Wenchuan earthquake:Brightness temperature changes from satellite infrared information[J].Chinese Sci Bull,55(3):1--7.
邓志辉,王煜,陈梅花,唐方头,楚全芝,徐好民.2003.中国大陆几次强地震活动的卫星红外异常分析[J].地震地质,25(2):327--337.
郭晓,张元生,钟美娇.2005.卫星热红外遥感资料在地震预报中的应用研究[J].西北地震学报,27(3):223--227.
郭晓,张元生,钟美娇,沈文荣,魏从信.2010.提取地震热异常信息的功率谱相对变化法及震例分析[J].地球物理学报,53(11):2688--2695.
荆凤,申旭辉,康春丽,熊攀,孙珂.2012.2010年新西兰M7.1地震前的长波辐射变化特征[J].地球科学进展,27(9):979--986.
康春丽,韩延本,刘德富,曹忠权.2008.强震前地气系统长波辐射(OLR)异常的成因[J].地球物理学进展,23(6):1703--1708.
康春丽,刘德富,荆凤,熊攀,曹忠权.2011.大地震红外辐射异常信息时空特征分析[J].地球物理学进展,26(6):1897--1905.
刘德富,彭克银,刘维贺,黎令仪,候建盛.1999.地震有“热征兆”[J].地震学报,21(6):652--656.
强祖基,孔令昌,郭满红,王弋平,郑兰哲,赁常恭,赵勇.1997.卫星热红外增温机制的实验研究[J].地震学报,19(2):197--201.
强祖基,徐秀登,赁常恭.1990.卫星热红外异常——临震前兆[J].科学通报,35(17):1324--1327.
屈春燕,单新建,马瑾.2006.红河断裂高温条带的成因及其与地震活动性的关系探讨[J].地震学报,28(1):91--97.
吴晓.2007.用FY-2C静止气象卫星资料计算射出长波辐射通量密度[J].气象科技,35(4):474--479.
徐锡伟,闻学泽,陈桂华,于贵华.2008.巴颜喀拉地块东部龙日坝断裂带的发现及其大地构造意义[J].中国科学:D辑,38(5):529--542.
张培震,徐锡伟,闻学泽,冉勇康.2008.2008年汶川8.0级地震发震断裂的滑动速率、复发周期和构造成因[J].地球物理学报,51(4):1066--1073.
张元生,郭晓,魏从信,沈文荣,惠少兴.2011.日本9级和缅甸7.2级地震热辐射表现特征[J].地球物理学报,54(10):2575--2580.
张元生,郭晓,钟美娇,沈文荣,李稳,何斌.2010.汶川地震卫星热红外亮温变化[J].科学通报,55(3):904--910.
张元生,沈文荣,徐辉.2002.新青8.1级地震前卫星热红外异常[J].西北地震学报,24(1):1--4.
Gabrielov A,Zaliapin I,Newman W I,Keilis-Borok V I.2000.Colliding cascades model for earthquake prediction[J].Geophys J Int,143(2):427--437.
Qiang Z J,Dian C G,Li L Z,Xu M,Ge F S,Liu T,Zhao Y,Guo M H.1999.Satellitic thermal infrared brightness temperature anomaly image——short-term and impending earthquake precursors[J].Sci China:Ser D,42(3):313--324.
Saraf A K,Rawat V,Banerjee P,Choudhury S,Panda S K,Dasgupta S,Das J D.2008.Satellite detection of earthquake thermal infrared precursors in Iran[J].Nature Hazards,47:119--135.
Tronin A A,Hayakawa M,Molchanov O A.2002.Thermal IR satellite data application for earthquake research in Japan and China[J].J Geodyn,33(4/5):519--534.
Zhang Y S,Guo X,Zhong M J,Shen W R,Li W,He B.2010.Wenchuan earthquake:Brightness temperature changes from satellite infrared information[J].Chinese Sci Bull,55(3):1--7.
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