利用小波包分析进行地震相关热红外辐射异常信息检测
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摘要
研究表明很多地震前后存在明显的热红外辐射异常.影响地物热红外辐射信息的因素很多,而地震相关的热红外辐射异常是强干扰背景下的弱信息,难以简单地将其提取出来.本文将地震相关的热红外辐射异常作为一种事件性的信号分析,通过小波包分析将热红外辐射信息的时间序列分解成不同频带的信号,通过分析各频带信号能量的变化规律进行事件性信号检测.2005年11月26日九江地震、2006年4月21日堪察加地震和1998年8月27日伽师地震的研究结果表明,小波包分析能有效检测这种事件性信号,同时显示这种事件性信号与地震活动之间关系的机理和时空演化特征是进一步研究的重点.
Former researches show that thermal-infrared radiation abnormity can be observed before or after earthquakes.The thermal-infrared radiation of earth surface is composed of many elements,and the earthquake-related information is a weak signal in the strong background noise.So it is very difficult to extract it with a simple method mentioned by some researchers.We deal with this kind of earthquake-related information as a paroxysmal signal.The wavelet packet decomposition was used to analyze the time series of thermal-infrared radiation,the complicated elements were decomposed to different frequency band signals,According to the variation of the energy of these signals,the paroxysmal signal were detected.Results from Jiujiang earthquake on 26th,Nov.2005,Kamchatka Peninsula earthquake on 21st,Apr.2006,and Jiashi earthquake on 27th,Aug.1998,show that it is an effective approach to detect earthquake-related paroxysmal signal,but it is a key problem to understand the mechanism and temporal-spatial relationship between thermal-infrared abnormity signal and earthquake event.
Former researches show that thermal-infrared radiation abnormity can be observed before or after earthquakes.The thermal-infrared radiation of earth surface is composed of many elements,and the earthquake-related information is a weak signal in the strong background noise.So it is very difficult to extract it with a simple method mentioned by some researchers.We deal with this kind of earthquake-related information as a paroxysmal signal.The wavelet packet decomposition was used to analyze the time series of thermal-infrared radiation,the complicated elements were decomposed to different frequency band signals,According to the variation of the energy of these signals,the paroxysmal signal were detected.Results from Jiujiang earthquake on 26th,Nov.2005,Kamchatka Peninsula earthquake on 21st,Apr.2006,and Jiashi earthquake on 27th,Aug.1998,show that it is an effective approach to detect earthquake-related paroxysmal signal,but it is a key problem to understand the mechanism and temporal-spatial relationship between thermal-infrared abnormity signal and earthquake event.
引文
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[2]马瑾,陈顺云,刘培洵,等.用卫星热红外信息研究关联断层活动的时空变化—─以南北地震构造带为例[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):816～823.
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[13]刘培洵,刘力强,陈顺云,等.地表岩石变形引起热红外辐射的实验研究[J].地震地质,2004,26(3):502～511.
[14]姚清林,强祖基.震前云下增温异常及其时段特征[J].地震,2004,24(3):79～86.
[15]马瑾,单新建.利用遥感技术研究断层现今活动的探索[J].地震地质,2000,22(3):210～218.
[16]ВИГорный.地球热红外辐射-地震活动性的标志[J].徐秀登译.地震地质译丛,1991,12(2):38～39.
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[19]强祖基,孔令昌,郭满红,等.卫星热红外增温机制的实验研究[J].地震学报,1997,19(2):197～201.
[20]郭卫英,单新建,马谨.对2001年昆仑山口西8.1级地震前断层带红外增温异常的讨论[J].地震地质,2004,26(3):548～556.
[21]屈春燕,马谨,单新建.一次卫星热红外地震前兆现象的证伪[J].地球物理学报,2006,79(2):490～495.
[22]许月卿,李双龙,蔡运龙.基于小波分析的河北平原降水规律研究[J].中国科学D辑,2004,34(12):1176～1183.
[23]Nener B D,Ridsdill-Smith T A,Zeisse C.Wavelet analysis of low altitude infrared transmission in the coastal environ-ment[J].Infraed Physics&Technology,1999,40:399～409.
[24]Clemen T.The use of scale information for integrating simu-lation modelsinto environmental information systems[J].Ec-ological Modeling,1998,108:107～113.
[25]段礼祥,张来斌,王朝晖,张东亮,柴油机振动信号的小波包奇异值降噪[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(1):93～97.
[26]Dimitar Ouzounov,Liu D F,Kang C L,et al.Outgoinglong wave radiation variability fromIRsatellite data prior to major earthquakes[J].Tectonophysics,2007,431:211～220.
[2]马瑾,陈顺云,刘培洵,等.用卫星热红外信息研究关联断层活动的时空变化—─以南北地震构造带为例[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):816～823.
[3]陈顺云,刘培洵,刘力强,等.地表热红外辐射的小波分析及其在现今构造活动研究中的意义[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):824～830.
[4]Qiang Z J,Dian C G,Zhao Y.Using Meterosat to Remotely monitor Tai wan earthquakes[J].Chinese Sciences Bulletin,1993,38(24):2062.
[5]Gorny VI,Sal man A G,Tronin A A,et al.The Earth′s out-going IRradiation as anindicator of seismic activity[J].Proc.Acad.Sci.USSR,1988,301:67～69.
[6]Sal man A,Egan W G,Tronin A A.Infrared remote sensing of seismic disturbances[C].In:Polarization and Remote Sens-ing.SPIE,San Diego,CA,1992,208～218.
[7]Andrew A.Tronina,Masashi Hayakawab,Oleg A.Molcha-novc.Thermal IR satellite data application for earthquake re-searchin Japan and China[J].J.Geodyn,2002,33:519～534.
[8]陈梅花,邓志辉,贾庆华.地震前卫星红外异常与发震断裂的关系研究——以2001年昆仑山8.1级地震为例[J].地震地质,2003,25(1):99～107.
[9]康春丽,刘德富.地球长波辐射(OLR)遥感与重大自然灾害预测[J].地学前缘,2003,10(2):427～435.
[10]屈春燕,单新建,马谨.红河断裂热红外高温条带的成因及其与地震关系的探讨[J].地震学报,2006,28(1):91～97.
[11]Ouzounov D,Freund F.Mid-infrared emission prior to strong earthquakes analyzed by remote sensing data[J].Advancesin Space Research,2004,33:268～273.
[12]邓明德,崔承禹,耿乃光.遥感用于地震预报的理论及实验结果[J].中国地震,1993,9(2):163～169.
[13]刘培洵,刘力强,陈顺云,等.地表岩石变形引起热红外辐射的实验研究[J].地震地质,2004,26(3):502～511.
[14]姚清林,强祖基.震前云下增温异常及其时段特征[J].地震,2004,24(3):79～86.
[15]马瑾,单新建.利用遥感技术研究断层现今活动的探索[J].地震地质,2000,22(3):210～218.
[16]ВИГорный.地球热红外辐射-地震活动性的标志[J].徐秀登译.地震地质译丛,1991,12(2):38～39.
[17]强祖基,孔令昌,王弋平,等.地球放气、热红外异常与地震活动[J].科学通报,1992,24:2259～2262.
[18]Hayakawa M,Molchanov O A(Eds.).Seismo Electromag-netics Lithosphere-At mosphere-Ionosphere Coupling[M].TERRAPUB,Tokyo,2002,477.
[19]强祖基,孔令昌,郭满红,等.卫星热红外增温机制的实验研究[J].地震学报,1997,19(2):197～201.
[20]郭卫英,单新建,马谨.对2001年昆仑山口西8.1级地震前断层带红外增温异常的讨论[J].地震地质,2004,26(3):548～556.
[21]屈春燕,马谨,单新建.一次卫星热红外地震前兆现象的证伪[J].地球物理学报,2006,79(2):490～495.
[22]许月卿,李双龙,蔡运龙.基于小波分析的河北平原降水规律研究[J].中国科学D辑,2004,34(12):1176～1183.
[23]Nener B D,Ridsdill-Smith T A,Zeisse C.Wavelet analysis of low altitude infrared transmission in the coastal environ-ment[J].Infraed Physics&Technology,1999,40:399～409.
[24]Clemen T.The use of scale information for integrating simu-lation modelsinto environmental information systems[J].Ec-ological Modeling,1998,108:107～113.
[25]段礼祥,张来斌,王朝晖,张东亮,柴油机振动信号的小波包奇异值降噪[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(1):93～97.
[26]Dimitar Ouzounov,Liu D F,Kang C L,et al.Outgoinglong wave radiation variability fromIRsatellite data prior to major earthquakes[J].Tectonophysics,2007,431:211～220.
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