汶川地震灾区辐射松覆盖保水造林试验研究
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摘要
连续3 a研究了不同覆盖保水方法对辐射松(Pinus radiate D.Don)造林及幼林生长的影响,结果表明:(1)塑料薄膜覆盖比对照造林保存率提高12.2个百分点、苗高生长量提高11.9 cm、地径生长量提高0.57 cm,石块覆盖比对照造林保存率提高12.2个百分点、苗高生长量提高9.3 cm、地径生长量提高0.39 cm。(2)塑料薄膜覆盖的幼树提早20 d左右萌动、延迟15 d左右停止生长,石块覆盖幼树提早10 d左右萌动、延迟7 d左右停止生长。
In this paper,studies were made of the effect of mulching water retention with plastic membranes or rocks on the afforestation of P.radiata and the growth of its young forest in Wenchuan Earthquake Area.The results showed that the mulching measures effectively increased the survival rate,the height and the ground diameter of P.radiata,when plastic membranes were used for the mulching,they were 12.2%,11.9 cm and 0.57 cm higher than those of controlled seedlings,respectively,and when rocks were used for the mulching,they were 12.2%,9.3 cm and 0.39 cm higher respectively.Meanwhile,these measures affected the growth stage of saplings to some extent.For plastic membranes,the growth stage was shifted to an earlier time of 20 days,and was delayed by 15 days to cease.And for the rocks,the saplings of P.radiata started to bud by an earlier time of 10 days,and ceased their growth by a later time of 7 days.
In this paper,studies were made of the effect of mulching water retention with plastic membranes or rocks on the afforestation of P.radiata and the growth of its young forest in Wenchuan Earthquake Area.The results showed that the mulching measures effectively increased the survival rate,the height and the ground diameter of P.radiata,when plastic membranes were used for the mulching,they were 12.2%,11.9 cm and 0.57 cm higher than those of controlled seedlings,respectively,and when rocks were used for the mulching,they were 12.2%,9.3 cm and 0.39 cm higher respectively.Meanwhile,these measures affected the growth stage of saplings to some extent.For plastic membranes,the growth stage was shifted to an earlier time of 20 days,and was delayed by 15 days to cease.And for the rocks,the saplings of P.radiata started to bud by an earlier time of 10 days,and ceased their growth by a later time of 7 days.
引文
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[2]Margot B.Forde,Variation in natural populations of pinus radiatain California,Part I.Sampling methods and branch characters,N.Z.J.Bot 2:213～236.
[3]Margot B.Fordy,Varlation in natural populations of pinus radiatain California,Part 4.discussion,N.Z.J.Bot 2:486～501.
[4]Johnson I G,et al.Growth of natural Californian provenances of Pi-nus radiata in new south wales,Australia,New Zealand Journal ofForestry Science,1997,27(1):23～38.
[5]Jorge Toro,et al.Radiata pine plantations in Chile,New Forests,1999,18:33～44.
[6]Charlie Low and Tania Smith,Use of the Guadalupe provenance inpinus radiata Improvement in New Zealand.Proceedings ofIUFRO'97 Genetics of radiata Pine,Rotorua,New Zealand,1-4 De-cember 1997(Fri Bulletin No.203).
[7]Eldridge K G.Genetic resources of Radiata pine in new Zealandand Australia,Proceedings of IUFRO'97 Genetics of Radiata Pine,Rotorua,New Zealand,1-4 December 1997(Fri Bulletin No.203)
[8]Hood J V and Libby W J.A Clonal study of mtraspecificvarlability in Radiata pine I.Cold and Animol Damage.Aust.For.Res,1980,10:9～20.
[9]罗鸣福.林业试验设计方法[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1984:1～161.
[10]北京林学院.数理统计[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1983:1～121.
[11]北京林学院.造林学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1984:60～320.
[12]黄昌勇.土壤学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2000:133～156.
[13]王金锡.四川西部干旱河谷的生态环境与退耕还林[J].四川林业科技,2001,(1).
[14]贺康宁,张光灿,田阳,等.黄土半干旱集水造林条件下林木生长适宜的土壤水分环境[J].林业科学,2003,39(1):10～16.
[15]史敏华,李新平.晋西黄土丘陵沟壑区植被自然恢复及技术对策[J].干旱区研究,2003,20(2):139～142.
[16]吴宗兴.岷江上游干旱河谷试验林经营技术研究[J].四川林业科技,1993,14(2):50～53.
[17]吴宗兴,慕长龙,刘福云,等.岷江上游干旱河谷山杏幼林地绿肥种植研究[J].干旱区研究,2004,21(4):395～398.
[18]吴宗兴,刘千里,黄泉,等.岷江上游干旱河谷辐射松引种造林研究[J].四川林业科技,2005,26(3):1～10.
[19]吴宗兴、余良海,等.岷江上游干旱河谷辐射松种子育苗试验研究[J].四川林业科技,2003,24(1):47～55.
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