地震后大熊猫潜在栖息地恢复的初步研究
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摘要
汶川地震后,滑坡、崩塌等严重的自然灾害,使得居住在大熊猫栖息地的高山村民,改变了人们长期以来不断蚕食栖息地的现象;再加上政府政策鼓励,改变了人们长期以来不断蚕食栖息地的现象,多数高山居民后撤下山,使长期以来不断缩小的潜在栖息地得以回归。该文通过对岷山山系小寨子沟、宝顶沟自然保护区社会进行调查研究,调查内容有下迁村民如何渡过辅助期、适应期进入自立期,以及部分高山居民没有下迁的原因及其困难,经过统计分析提出解决方案,帮助灾后高山村民的成功下迁,加快震后大熊猫潜在栖息地的恢复的步伐,为大熊猫潜在栖息地的恢复、回归与社区的可持续发展提供了资料。
Many Mountain villagers began to change their traditional ideas and move down to the lower places to habitat because of serious natural calamities such as frequent landslide and collapse after Wenchuan earthquake.In addition to the courage of governments' policies,so the long-lasting shrink of potential habitats for giant pandas(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) began to return.The communities arourd the Xiao Zhaizigou and Bao Dinggou nature reserve in Minshan Mountain are the investigated areas.This paper is to put forward some ideas that help all villagers to move in order to make the recovery of the habitats rapidly after the earthquake,and also provide some references for the recovery and returning of habitats for giant pandas,and the sustainable development of the communities,on the basis of the following investigations and researches,that how the villagers spend periods of being assisted,adjusting and self-reliance,and why some mountain villagers do not want to move away from their original places of residence and their difficulties.We also learned why some of villagers did not move away from the mountain and their difficulties.After analysis and comparison,we demonstrated identification on the giant panda habitat and the sustainable development of communities.
Many Mountain villagers began to change their traditional ideas and move down to the lower places to habitat because of serious natural calamities such as frequent landslide and collapse after Wenchuan earthquake.In addition to the courage of governments' policies,so the long-lasting shrink of potential habitats for giant pandas(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) began to return.The communities arourd the Xiao Zhaizigou and Bao Dinggou nature reserve in Minshan Mountain are the investigated areas.This paper is to put forward some ideas that help all villagers to move in order to make the recovery of the habitats rapidly after the earthquake,and also provide some references for the recovery and returning of habitats for giant pandas,and the sustainable development of the communities,on the basis of the following investigations and researches,that how the villagers spend periods of being assisted,adjusting and self-reliance,and why some mountain villagers do not want to move away from their original places of residence and their difficulties.We also learned why some of villagers did not move away from the mountain and their difficulties.After analysis and comparison,we demonstrated identification on the giant panda habitat and the sustainable development of communities.
引文
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[2]张永生.大熊猫保护区全国已建63处[N/OL].http://tech.sina.com.cn/d/2010-08-02/16524497242.shtml,2010-08-02.
[3]MiaoH.Community mechanism of nature reserves in China.In:China MBA ed.Sustainable management policy research of na-ture reserves in China.Beijing:Scientific and Technical Document Press,2000:57-71.
[4]Zhou S Q,Huang J Y,Zhang HM,et al.The ecological features of Ailuropoda melanoleuca's habitat in the Wolong nature re-serve and their mutual relation between Ailuropoda melanoleuca and its ecological features.Sichuan Forestry Expl oration andDesign,1999,1:16-23.
[5]Zhang HM,Wang P Y,Zhang G Q,et al.Advances in conservation and research technology for captive and wild pandas ofWolong.Sichuan Journal ofZoology,2000,19(1):35-38.
[6]Liu J G,Daily G C,Ehrlich P R,et al.Effects of household dynamics on resource consumption and bio diversity.Nature,2003,421(6922):530-533.
[7]Li G Z,Feng X Q,CaiW B,et al.Analysis on the impacts and their sources of peripheral communities on Wulingshan NatureReserve.The Journal ofHebei Forestry Science and Technology,2002,(5):36-38.
[8]Su Y.Counter measures for imp roving management of natural reserves in China.Green China,2004,18:25-28.
[9]傅之屏,房凯,敖光辉.保护生物学[M].四川.四川科技出版社,2001.
[10]申国珍,谢宗强,冯朝阳,等.汶川地震对大熊猫栖息地的影响与恢复对策[J].植物生态学报,2008,06:210-218.
[11]严旬.大熊猫自然保护区概述[J].中国林业,2008,22:46-51.
[12]刘学敏.西北地区生态移民的效果与问题探讨[J].中国农村经济,2002,4:47-52.
[13]许德祥.水库移民系统与行政管理[M].北京:新华出版社,1998,38.
[14]贾志军,徐茂杰.山西省实施生态移民的实践[J].中国水土保持,2004,5:11-12.
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