浙江珊溪水库重复地震事件研究
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摘要
重复地震是发生在同一断层位置上的一组地震,具有相似的震级、高度相似的波形和震源机制。由于具有相同的震源和传播路径,重复地震的走时变化可以反应的介质波速的变化,从而可以作为测量地壳中介质波速变化的有力工具。而对区域地震的重复性研究,也可以反过来说明该地区地震发震机制的变化情况。利用波形互相关的方法对浙江温州境内珊溪水库附近发生的地震事件序列进行处理,计算波形互相关系数,选取相关系数大于0.8的地震对进行研究,分析珊溪水库地区地震事件的相似性和重复性,并分析此方法对地震研究的意义。
Repeated earthquakes always occur on the same fault,and have similar magnitude,focal mechanism and also high similar waveforms.Due to the same source and spreading path,the change of travel time can reflect the change of wave velocity in the medium,which in turn could be employed to measure the change of wave velocity in the crust.On the other hand,studying the repeatability of local earthquakes can explain the change of focal mechanism.This article processed the earthquakes sequence nearby Shanxi reservoir by using waveform correlation method,calculated the cross correlation coefficients,and selected the similar earthquake clusters with correlation coefficients > 0.8 for research.It then analyzed similarity and repeatability of earthquakes in Shanxi reservoir and the application of repeated earthquakes.
Repeated earthquakes always occur on the same fault,and have similar magnitude,focal mechanism and also high similar waveforms.Due to the same source and spreading path,the change of travel time can reflect the change of wave velocity in the medium,which in turn could be employed to measure the change of wave velocity in the crust.On the other hand,studying the repeatability of local earthquakes can explain the change of focal mechanism.This article processed the earthquakes sequence nearby Shanxi reservoir by using waveform correlation method,calculated the cross correlation coefficients,and selected the similar earthquake clusters with correlation coefficients > 0.8 for research.It then analyzed similarity and repeatability of earthquakes in Shanxi reservoir and the application of repeated earthquakes.
引文
[1]Aki K.Asperities,barriers,characteristic earthquakes and strong motion prediction[J].Geophys.Res.,1984,89:5867-5872.
[2]J.R.Rice.Fault stress states,pore pressure distributions,and the weakness of the san andreas fault[A].In B.Evans and T.-F.Wong,editors,Fault Mechanics and Transport Properties of Rocks[C].Academic,San Diego,Calif.,1992,475-503
[3]James H.Dieterich.Time-dependent friction and the mechanics of stick-slip[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1978,116(4):790--806.
[4]C.H.Scholz.The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting[M].Cambridge Univ.Press,New York,2002.
[5]Isacks B L,Sykes I R,Oliver J.Spatial and temporal clustering of deep and shallow earthquakes inthe Fiji-Tonga kermadec region[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,1967,57(5):935-958.
[6]Poupinet G,Ellsworth W L,Frechet J.Monitoring velocity variations in the crust using earthquakedoublets:an application to the Calaveras Fault,California[J].J Geophys Res,1984,89(B7):5719-5731.
[7]Tthatcher W.The earthquake deformation cycle,recurrence and the time-predictable model[J].Geophys.Res.,2004,89(B7):5674-5680.
[8]R.M.Nadeau,W.Foxall,and T.V.McEvilly.Clustering and periodic recurrence of microearthquakes on the san andreas fault at parkfield,california[J].Science,1995,267(5197):503--507.
[9]Robert M.Nadeau and Lane R.Johnson.Seismological studies at parkfield vi:Moment release rates and estimates of source parameters for small repeating earthquakes[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1998,88(3):790--814.
[10]Allan M.Rubin.and Gillard,D.2000.Aftershock asymmetry/rupture directivity among central San Andreas fault microearthquakes[J].Geophys.Res.,2000,105:19095-19109.
[11]蒋长胜、吴忠良,由“重复地震”给出的中国地震台网的定位精度估计[J].中国地震,2005,,21(2):147-154。
[12]David P.Schaff and Gregory C.Beroza.Coseismic and postseismic velocity changes measured by repeating earthquakes[J].Geophys.Res.,2004,109:B10302.
[13]David P.Schaff and Paul G.Richards.Repeating seismic events in china[J].Science,2004,303(5661):1176-1178.
[14]Li Yong-Gang and John E.Vidale.Healing of the shallow fault zone from1994-1998after the1992m7.5 landers,california,earthquake[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2001,28(5):2999-3002.
[15]Snieder,R.,and M.Vrijlandt,Constraining Relative Source Locations with Coda Wave Interferometry:Theory and Application to Earthquake Doublets in the Hayward Fault,California[J].Geophys.Res.,2005,110;B04301.
[16]Toshihiro Igarashi,Toru Matsuzawa,and Akira Hasegawa.Repeating earthquakes and interplate aseismic slip in the northeastern japan subduction zone[J].Geophys.Res.,2003,108:2249.
[17]Fenglin Niu,Paul G.Silver,Thomas M.Daley,Xin Cheng,and Ernest L.Majer.Preseismic velocity changes observed from active source monitoring at the parkfield safod drill site[J].Nature,2008,454(7201):204--208.
[18]林建民,王宝善,葛洪魁,等.重复地震及其在人工探测中的潜在应用[J].中国地震,2006,22(1):1-9.
[19]武敏捷,徐平,林向东,等.利用重复地震观测滦县地区的地壳介质变化[J].华北地震科学,2011,29(3):23-27.
[20]武敏捷,徐平,马士振,等.利用重复地震研究滦县地区的地壳介质变化[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2011,32(5):20-24.
[21]李宇彤,蒋长胜.波形相关意义“重复地震”研究综述[J].中国地震,2011,27(4):335-347.
[22]王伟涛,王宝善.重复地震研究综述[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(3):305-311,F0003.
[23]Schaff D P,Richards P G.Repeating seismic events in China[J].Science,2004,303:1176-1178.
[24]G.Poupinet,W.L.Ellsworth,and J.Frechet.Monitoring velocity variations in the crust using earthquake doublets:An application to the calaveras fault,california[J].Geophys.Res.,1984,89:6719-5731.
[25]David P.Schaff and Gregory C.Beroza.Coseismic and postseismic velocity changes measured by repeating earthquakes[J].Geophys.Res.,2004,109:B10302.
[26]Tracy Johnson.Time-dependent friction of granite:implications for precursory slip on faults[J].Geophys.Res.,1981,86:6017-6028.
[27]W.L Ellsworth.Characteristic earthquakes and long-term earthquake forecasts,implications of central california seismicity[A].In F.Y.Cheng and M.S.Sheu,editors,Urban Disaster Mitigation:the Role of Science and Technology[C].Elsevier Science Ltd,1995,1-14.
[28]Dennise C.Templeton,Robert M.Nadeau,and Roland Burgmann.Behavior of repeating earthquake sequences in central california and the implications for subsurface fault creep[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2008,98(1):52-65.
[29]Roland Burgmann,D.Schmidt,R.M.Nadeau,M.d'Alessio,E.Fielding,D.Manaker,T.V.McEvilly,and M.H.Murray.Earthquake potential along the northern hayward fault,california[J].Science,2000,289(5482):1178-1182.
[30]Peng Zhigang,John E.Vidale,Chris Marone,and Allan Rubin.Systematic variations in recurrence interval and moment of repeating aftershocks[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2005,32:L1531.
[31]Toshihiro Igarashi,Toru Matsuzawa,and Akira Hasegawa.Repeating earthquakes and interplate aseismic slip in the northeastern japan subduction zone[J].Geophys.Res.,2003,108:2249.
[32]Naoki Uchida,Toru Matsuzawa,Akira Hasegawa,and Toshihiro Igarashi.Recurrence intervals of characteristic m4.81earthquakes off-kamaishi,ne japan--comparison with creep rate estimated from small repeating earthquake data[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2005,233(1-2):155--165.
[33]李乐,陈棋福.利用重复地震估算北京平原地区隐伏断裂深部的活动速率[J].地震地质,2010,32(3):508-519.
[34]王伟涛,王宝善.基于聚类分析的多尺度相似地震快速识别方法及其在汶川地震东北端余震序列分析中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(6):1952-1962.
[35]Li,L.,Q.-F.Chen,X.Cheng,and F.Niu,Spatial clustering and repeating of seismic events observed along the1976Tangshan fault,north China[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2007,34.
[36]李乐陈棋福.利用重复地震估算北京平原地区隐伏断裂深部的活动速率[J].地震地质,2010,32(3):508-519.
[37]李宇彤,吴忠良,蒋长胜,等.利用辽宁区域地震台网记录分析“重复地震”[J].地震学报,2008,30(4):383-396.
[38]张致伟,程万正,吴朋,等.利用重复地震P波走时差观测地壳介质的微动态[J].中国地震,2010,28(4):357-372.
[39]蒋长胜,吴忠良,李宇彤.首都圈地区“重复地震事件”及其在区域地震台网定位精度评价中的应用.[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):817-827
[40]钟羽云,张帆,赵冬.珊溪水库M L 4.6震群精确定位与发震构造研究[J].地震研究,2011,34(2):158-165.
[41]钟羽云,张震峰,阚宝祥.温州珊溪水库地震重新定位与速度结构联合反演[J].中国地震,2010(3):265-272.
[42]钟羽云,周昕,张帆,等.2006年温州珊溪水库地震序列特征[J].华南地震,2007,27(1):21-30.
[43]李金龙,邹振轩,张震峰.珊溪水库震群的地震定位[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2007,28(1):14-18.
[2]J.R.Rice.Fault stress states,pore pressure distributions,and the weakness of the san andreas fault[A].In B.Evans and T.-F.Wong,editors,Fault Mechanics and Transport Properties of Rocks[C].Academic,San Diego,Calif.,1992,475-503
[3]James H.Dieterich.Time-dependent friction and the mechanics of stick-slip[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1978,116(4):790--806.
[4]C.H.Scholz.The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting[M].Cambridge Univ.Press,New York,2002.
[5]Isacks B L,Sykes I R,Oliver J.Spatial and temporal clustering of deep and shallow earthquakes inthe Fiji-Tonga kermadec region[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,1967,57(5):935-958.
[6]Poupinet G,Ellsworth W L,Frechet J.Monitoring velocity variations in the crust using earthquakedoublets:an application to the Calaveras Fault,California[J].J Geophys Res,1984,89(B7):5719-5731.
[7]Tthatcher W.The earthquake deformation cycle,recurrence and the time-predictable model[J].Geophys.Res.,2004,89(B7):5674-5680.
[8]R.M.Nadeau,W.Foxall,and T.V.McEvilly.Clustering and periodic recurrence of microearthquakes on the san andreas fault at parkfield,california[J].Science,1995,267(5197):503--507.
[9]Robert M.Nadeau and Lane R.Johnson.Seismological studies at parkfield vi:Moment release rates and estimates of source parameters for small repeating earthquakes[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1998,88(3):790--814.
[10]Allan M.Rubin.and Gillard,D.2000.Aftershock asymmetry/rupture directivity among central San Andreas fault microearthquakes[J].Geophys.Res.,2000,105:19095-19109.
[11]蒋长胜、吴忠良,由“重复地震”给出的中国地震台网的定位精度估计[J].中国地震,2005,,21(2):147-154。
[12]David P.Schaff and Gregory C.Beroza.Coseismic and postseismic velocity changes measured by repeating earthquakes[J].Geophys.Res.,2004,109:B10302.
[13]David P.Schaff and Paul G.Richards.Repeating seismic events in china[J].Science,2004,303(5661):1176-1178.
[14]Li Yong-Gang and John E.Vidale.Healing of the shallow fault zone from1994-1998after the1992m7.5 landers,california,earthquake[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2001,28(5):2999-3002.
[15]Snieder,R.,and M.Vrijlandt,Constraining Relative Source Locations with Coda Wave Interferometry:Theory and Application to Earthquake Doublets in the Hayward Fault,California[J].Geophys.Res.,2005,110;B04301.
[16]Toshihiro Igarashi,Toru Matsuzawa,and Akira Hasegawa.Repeating earthquakes and interplate aseismic slip in the northeastern japan subduction zone[J].Geophys.Res.,2003,108:2249.
[17]Fenglin Niu,Paul G.Silver,Thomas M.Daley,Xin Cheng,and Ernest L.Majer.Preseismic velocity changes observed from active source monitoring at the parkfield safod drill site[J].Nature,2008,454(7201):204--208.
[18]林建民,王宝善,葛洪魁,等.重复地震及其在人工探测中的潜在应用[J].中国地震,2006,22(1):1-9.
[19]武敏捷,徐平,林向东,等.利用重复地震观测滦县地区的地壳介质变化[J].华北地震科学,2011,29(3):23-27.
[20]武敏捷,徐平,马士振,等.利用重复地震研究滦县地区的地壳介质变化[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2011,32(5):20-24.
[21]李宇彤,蒋长胜.波形相关意义“重复地震”研究综述[J].中国地震,2011,27(4):335-347.
[22]王伟涛,王宝善.重复地震研究综述[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(3):305-311,F0003.
[23]Schaff D P,Richards P G.Repeating seismic events in China[J].Science,2004,303:1176-1178.
[24]G.Poupinet,W.L.Ellsworth,and J.Frechet.Monitoring velocity variations in the crust using earthquake doublets:An application to the calaveras fault,california[J].Geophys.Res.,1984,89:6719-5731.
[25]David P.Schaff and Gregory C.Beroza.Coseismic and postseismic velocity changes measured by repeating earthquakes[J].Geophys.Res.,2004,109:B10302.
[26]Tracy Johnson.Time-dependent friction of granite:implications for precursory slip on faults[J].Geophys.Res.,1981,86:6017-6028.
[27]W.L Ellsworth.Characteristic earthquakes and long-term earthquake forecasts,implications of central california seismicity[A].In F.Y.Cheng and M.S.Sheu,editors,Urban Disaster Mitigation:the Role of Science and Technology[C].Elsevier Science Ltd,1995,1-14.
[28]Dennise C.Templeton,Robert M.Nadeau,and Roland Burgmann.Behavior of repeating earthquake sequences in central california and the implications for subsurface fault creep[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2008,98(1):52-65.
[29]Roland Burgmann,D.Schmidt,R.M.Nadeau,M.d'Alessio,E.Fielding,D.Manaker,T.V.McEvilly,and M.H.Murray.Earthquake potential along the northern hayward fault,california[J].Science,2000,289(5482):1178-1182.
[30]Peng Zhigang,John E.Vidale,Chris Marone,and Allan Rubin.Systematic variations in recurrence interval and moment of repeating aftershocks[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2005,32:L1531.
[31]Toshihiro Igarashi,Toru Matsuzawa,and Akira Hasegawa.Repeating earthquakes and interplate aseismic slip in the northeastern japan subduction zone[J].Geophys.Res.,2003,108:2249.
[32]Naoki Uchida,Toru Matsuzawa,Akira Hasegawa,and Toshihiro Igarashi.Recurrence intervals of characteristic m4.81earthquakes off-kamaishi,ne japan--comparison with creep rate estimated from small repeating earthquake data[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2005,233(1-2):155--165.
[33]李乐,陈棋福.利用重复地震估算北京平原地区隐伏断裂深部的活动速率[J].地震地质,2010,32(3):508-519.
[34]王伟涛,王宝善.基于聚类分析的多尺度相似地震快速识别方法及其在汶川地震东北端余震序列分析中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(6):1952-1962.
[35]Li,L.,Q.-F.Chen,X.Cheng,and F.Niu,Spatial clustering and repeating of seismic events observed along the1976Tangshan fault,north China[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2007,34.
[36]李乐陈棋福.利用重复地震估算北京平原地区隐伏断裂深部的活动速率[J].地震地质,2010,32(3):508-519.
[37]李宇彤,吴忠良,蒋长胜,等.利用辽宁区域地震台网记录分析“重复地震”[J].地震学报,2008,30(4):383-396.
[38]张致伟,程万正,吴朋,等.利用重复地震P波走时差观测地壳介质的微动态[J].中国地震,2010,28(4):357-372.
[39]蒋长胜,吴忠良,李宇彤.首都圈地区“重复地震事件”及其在区域地震台网定位精度评价中的应用.[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):817-827
[40]钟羽云,张帆,赵冬.珊溪水库M L 4.6震群精确定位与发震构造研究[J].地震研究,2011,34(2):158-165.
[41]钟羽云,张震峰,阚宝祥.温州珊溪水库地震重新定位与速度结构联合反演[J].中国地震,2010(3):265-272.
[42]钟羽云,周昕,张帆,等.2006年温州珊溪水库地震序列特征[J].华南地震,2007,27(1):21-30.
[43]李金龙,邹振轩,张震峰.珊溪水库震群的地震定位[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2007,28(1):14-18.
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